Objective:To compare the differences between Workshop teaching and PowerPoint teaching being used in resident doctor/advanced doctor training,and to investigate effectiveness of Workshop teaching.Method:Over the limit of teacher on the stage and students off the stage,teacher demonstrated to students hand by hand during Workshop teaching;Over the limit of the students being accepted knowledge passively,teacher encouraged them to take part in mutually;Over the limit of theories lesson separating with practical one,teacher supply more opportunity to operate for students practically.Results:The effectiveness of Workshop teaching mode in practicability and performance ability was better than PowerPoint teaching mode'(P

In order to adapting the course construction of anatomy to the needs of medical education in the new situation,we analyzed and summed up the effect of the course construction of anatomy,and put forward some measures such as working out the plan of course construction sci-entifically,perfecting teachers’training,upgrading content of course as well as the teaching methods and means,strengthening the teaching of experiment,reforming the means and contents of evalua-tion and paying attention to the cultivation of students’innovation and manipulative ability.

Objective To explore the application value of layered suture technique in laparoscopic common bile duct exploration with primary suture. Methods A total of 216 patients received laparoscopic common bile duct exploration with primary suture in our hospital from March 2007 to March 2013.Of these cases, layered suture technique was utilized in 89 patients and single-layer suture was used in 127 patients.The operation time, postoperative hospital stay, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results Two groups of patients were operated smoothly, with no conversions to laparotomy.Postoperative recovery was smooth.The operative time was not significantly different between the two groups of patients (t=-0.931, P=0.353). The postoperative hospital stay and incidence of postoperative bile leakage were significantly lower in layered suture group than those in single-layer suture group [(5.9 ±1.7) d vs.(7.7 ±1.8) d,t =7.400, P=0.000;3.4%(3/89) vs.20.5%(26/127), χ2 =13.167, P=0.000].In the single-layer suture group, the incidence of postoperative bile leakage was significantly higher in patients complicated with acute cholangitis [45.4%(10/22) vs.15.2%(16/105),χ2 =8.429, P=0.004], whereas in the layered suture group, the incidence of postoperative bile leakage was insignificantly different among patients with and without acute cholangitis [7.1%(1/14) vs.2.7%(2/75),χ2 =0.002, P=0.964]. Conclusion Application of layered suture technique in laparoscopic common bile duct exploration with primary suture is feasible and safe, with advantages of less bile leakage and shorter hospital stay.

This paper reports the perioperative care of a patient undergoing the bilateral posterior ventral globus pallidus deep brain stimulation treatment for neuroacanthocytosis. The nursing points mainly included psychological care of the patient before surgery,preoperative preparation,postoperative care and special nursing before and after deep brain stimulation opening. The patient's dance-like involuntary movements and compulsive behavior reduced significantly after the treatment with no complications.

Aim To investigate the pharmacokinetics of dipfluzine hydrochloride,a novel piperazines calcium antagonist.Methods Eighteen Beagle dogs were randomly divided into three groups,which were administered with dipfluzine hydrochloride at iv single dose of 1.5,3.0 and 6.0 mg?kg-1,respectively.The blood was collected at different time.A RP-HPLC method was developed to determine the concentration of dipfluzine hydrochloride in plasma.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3P97 software.Results The specificity,lowest limit of detection and quantification,extraction recoveries,the precision of intra-and inter-day and stability were qualified to the pharmacokinetic study.The concentration-time courses of dipfluzine hydrochloride were best fitted to a two-compartment open model at three doses.The main pharmacokinetic parameters at three doses were 24.7,24.2 and 29.6 h for T12?,0.44,1.12 and 2.86 g?min?L-1 for AUC,1.30,1.22 and 1.28 L?kg-1 for Vc,and 3.4?10-3,2.7?10-3 and 2.1?10-3 L?kg-1?min-1 for CL,respectively.Conclusions The developed RP-HPLC method for determination of dipfluzine hydrochloride in plasma can satisfy the requirement of pharmacokinetic study after iv dipfluzine hydrochloride.Analysis of plasma concentration-time curves indicates a biphasic decrease.There was a linear relationship between AUC and dosage.

Cardiovascular Diseases ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Objective:Our aim is to investigate the relationship of VEGF-C,VEGF-D and lymph node metastasis in pancreatic cancer,and to elucidate the role and significance of the cancerous peripheral lymphatic tissue.Methods: The expression of VEGF-C and VEGF-D was assayed by means of immunohistochemistry in 30 pancreatic carcinomas.Results:The positive rates of VEGF-C、VEGF-D were 73% (22/30)、57% (17/30) respectively in pancreatic cancer.The expression of VEGF-C、 VEGF-D in cancerous invasive edge was significantly higher than that in the center of cancerous tissues.There was no correlation between the expression of VEGF-C、VEGF-Dand the site,differentiation,histology types.Ⅲ~Ⅳ stages of pancreatic cancer showed strong expressions of VEGF-C、VEGF-D than that Ⅰ~Ⅱ stages of pancreatic cancer.The positive lymph node in positive VEGF-C and VEGF-D group were higher than that in the negative group.Conclusion:VEGF-C and VEGF-D induced lymphangiogenisis in pancreatic cancer,promoted the tumor cell lymph metastasis.

Objective To investigate the effect of baseline Left-ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on the cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Methods A retrospective analysis of patients with heart failure was performed. Fifty-four patients [aged (59.73 ± 11.61)years, 31 males, 23 females] who underwent CRT/CRTD were divided into 2 groups according to LVEF ( group A, LVEF≤ 35%; group B, LVEF > 35% ). NYHA class, LVEF,CRT respond rates and medical adverse event (MAE) due to worsening heart failure were detected at 3 and 12 months post-surgery. Results The score of NYHA class changing wasn′t different between these two group. Compared to group B, LVEF was markedly increased (5.08 ± 2.81)% vs (2.45 ± 1.80)%, P < 0.05;(5.38 ± 2.92)% vs (2.39 ± 3.53)%, P < 0.05)at 3 and 12 months post-surgery. Similarly, group A owned high CRT response rates(66.1% vs 33.9%, P < 0.05; 81.25% vs 47.83%, P < 0.05) at the both two time points. At 12 months post-surgery , LVED decreased and the MAE was similar in all groups. Conclusion Patients with EF≤ 35% have more increases in LVEF and own high CRT response rates post-CRT.

Objective To investigate the CT features of mesenteric lymph nodes in patients with active Crohn’s disease.Methods The CT findings in 54 patients with active Crohn's disease proved by histology were analyzed,and the anatomic distribution,size, number,shape and enhancement ratio (ER)of the mesenteric lymph node were assessed.Results Mesenteric lymphadenopathy in 38 patients (70.4%)was found with a total number of 242,83.5%(202/242)of whom were located at the mesenteric root and 16.5%(40/242) at mesenteric edge.The size of the lymph nodes at the mesenteric root was larger than that at the mesenteric edge (8.57 mm±2.26 mm versus 5.38 mm±0.1 9 mm,the mean maximum short diameter),and 73.6% (1 78/242 )of the lymph nodes were oval in shape.The lymph nodes showed significant enhancement after contrast injection with an ER of 0.53 ±0.09.Conclusion Active CD often leads to mesenteric lymphadenopathy,which is more obvious at the mesenteric root.

A simple, rapid and sensitive method was developed for the quantification of tenofovir in plasma of Beagle dogs using HPLC-MS/MS analysis. The analytes tenofovir and internal standard (IS) adefovir were separated on a Zorbax SB-C18 column (3.5 microm, 100 mm x 2.1 mm, Agilent, USA) with mobile phase of methanol/water containing 0.3% formic acid using a gradient elution mode at a flow rate of 0.2 mL x min(-1). The plasma sample preparation was a simple deproteinization by the addition of 20% trichloroacetic acid followed by centrifugation. The detection was performed in positive selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source. The reactions monitored were m/z 288.1-176.2 for tenofovir and m/z 274.1-162.2 for adefovir (IS). Linear detection responses were obtained for tenofovir ranging from 10 to 5 000 ng x mL(-1). The intra- and inter-day precisions (RSD%) was no more than 6.3% with high recovery and good stability for the quantification, indicating the present method was specific, fast, accurate and reliable. The method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of two tenofovir agents. Tenofovir dipivoxil fumarate (BP0018, test agent) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (reference agent) were orally administrated to 8 Beagle dogs according to the 2 x 2 crossover design. Comparing with the reference agent, the longer MRT and t1/2 were obtained in the group of BP0018, while no significant difference was observed in AUC(0-t), AUC(0-infinity), C(max) and t(max) between them, suggesting that tenofovir dipivoxil fumarate was bioequivalent to the tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in Beagle dogs.