Adolescent ; Adult ; Boron ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects

Objective To explere the curative effects of L-carnitine on neonates with myocardial injury caused by asphyxia.Methods Ninety-one neonates with myocardial injury caused by asphyxia were randomly divided into L-carnitine treatment group(48 cases) and control group(43 cases).The patients in control group were received routine treatment;the patients in treatment group were given L-carnitine 0.1 g/(kg?d) on the basis of routine treatment for 10 days.Symptoms and physical signs were observed pretreatment and during the time of therapy.Before and after the treatment,serum MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase(CK-MB) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) were mea-sured with immunosuppression and enzyme rate respectively,and serum albumin and prealbumin were detected with the method of bromcresol green chromatometry and immunoturbidimetry,respectively.Results Clinical effective rate of the treatment group(91.67%)was higher than that of control group(74.42%)(P

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Zhibai Dihuang Decoction (ZDD) on mRNA and protein expressions of transient receptor potential family vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) and transient receptor potential family vanilloid subtype 5 (TRPV5) in Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU)-infected rat semens and spermatogenic cells, and to explore the pathomechanism of UU-infected infertility and the intervention of ZDD.

METHODSTotally 45 were randomly selected from 60 4-5 months old SD rats. UU testicular infected animal models were set up after bladder inoculation of UU suspension. The remaining 15 rats were simultaneously injected with normal saline as a normal control group. After a successful modeling, UU infected model rats were randomly divided into the model group, the azithromycin group, and the ZDD group, 15 in each group. Rats in the ZDD group were administered with ZDD at the daily dose of 1 g/kg by gastrogavage. Rats in the azithromycin group were administered with azithromycin suspension at the daily dose of 0. 105 mg/kg by gastrogavage. Equal volume of normal saline was administered to rats in the normal control group and the model group. All medication was performed once daily for 21 successive days. Testes and epididymis were extracted after rats were killed and UU positive rates were compared among all groups. Sperm cells were separated using a mechanical separation technique. Sperm motility parameters were detected using color sperm motion detection system. mRNA and protein expressions of TRPV1 and TRPV5 in spermatogenic cells were determined by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot.

RESULTSThe UU positive rate was obviously higher in the model group than in the normal control group [(86.7% (13/15 cases) vs. 0] P < 0.05). It was lower in the ZDD group [33.3% (5/15 cases)] and the azithromycin group [26.7% (4/15 cases)] than in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control group, class A and B sperms were reduced, the linear velocity and the average velocity were significantly lowered, mRNA and protein expressions of TRPV1 and TRPV5 in spermated genic cells significantly decreased in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, class A and B sperms were increased, linear and curve velocities and the average velocity were significantly elevated, mRNA and protein expressions of TRPV1 and TRPV5 significantly increased in the ZDD group and the azithromycin group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with azithromycin group, class A and B sperms were increased, the linear velocity and the average velocity were significantly elevated, mRNA and protein expressions of TRPV1 and TRPV5 significantly increased in the ZDD group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONZDD could fight against UU infection and elevate semen quality, which might be associated with up-regulating mRNA and protein expressions of TRPV1 and TRPV5 in spermatogenic cells.

Animals ; Calcium Channels ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Infertility ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Semen Analysis ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; TRPV Cation Channels ; metabolism ; Testis ; Ureaplasma Infections ; Ureaplasma urealyticum

To set standards for histomorphological studies on Lysimachia fortunei, an efficacious and widely applied folk medicine in this study, in order to develop its resources. Its species were identified by observing plant morphology and herbs appearance characters, preparing slices with routine methods and defining structural characters. According to the results of morphologic observation, leaves, stamen and pistil of this plant were different from the descriptions in Flora of China. The whole herb can be used in medicines, mainly including rhizomes, stems and leaves. According to the findings in the first study on microscopic structures, its rhizomes, stems and leaves were characteristic and worth identifying. The transaction tissue structures of rhizomes and stems were under developed and contained endodermis, secretory structures; Stems had sclerenchymata of different shapes of sclereids; Leaves were bifacial and had vascular bundles under midribs, which were surrounded by parenchymal sheathes. On the surface of leaves, stomata, glandular hairs and keratin lines were morphologically different in upper and lower epidermis. The herbal power had glandular hairs, sclereids and vessels. In conclusion, herbs of L. fortunei can be identified by the above histomorphological characteristics, which lays a foundation for further development and application of L. fortunei.
Medicine, Traditional ; Plant Leaves ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Plant Stems ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Primulaceae ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development

OBJECTIVETo analyze the causes of delayed union or nonunion of the ulna after intramedullary nailing in pediatric forearm fractures.

METHODSFrom February 2005 to February 2010,5 patients with forearm fractures who were treated with titanium elastic nailing (TEN) were identified to fulfill the criteria of having developed a delayed union or nonunion of the ulna. The causes of delayed union or nonunion were investigated according to mechanism of injury, fracture location, treatments methods and postoperative management. All patients were male and the age was 3 to 14 years old with an average of 9.4 years. All fractures were located on the mid-third part of forearm. Two cases had a re-fracture. Among them, 3 cases caused by high-energy injury and 2 cases by falling down. Open reduction were performed in 4 cases while the other one was treated with closed reduction. Four patients were immobilized in an above-elbow cast, postoperatively.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 7 to 19 months with an average of 11.4 months. There were 4 delayed union and 1 nonunion. Three patients healed after the removal of the nail and avoidance of weight-bearing. Two patients healed by replacing another fixation. No patients had soft-tissue irritation or nail-entry-site infections.. The clinical effect was evaluated according to Daruwalla and Price scores with 3 excellent and 2 good of the results.

CONCLUSIONSUsing titanium elastic nailing for the treatment of pediatric both-bone forearm fractures is a good method. However,strict indication selection should be followed to avoid delayed union or nonunion.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Male ; Radius Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Ulna Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery

Objective To assess left ventricular function early and late improvement of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by speckle tracking imaging (STI).The clinical values of the assessment of STI for the prognosis and heart function improvement of AMI patients treated by PCI were discussed.Methods 73 AMI patients who had AMI for the first time and had been treated by primary PCI from September 2010 to July 2011 and were examined in the follow-ups from December 2010 to February 2012 in our hospital were enrolled.Dynamic images were acquired before PCI,at 3 months and 6 months after PCI and analyzed by STI.Dynamic images were analyzed for longitudinal peak systolic strain (LPSS),radial peak systolic strain (RPSS) and circumferential peak systolic strain (CPSS) values by STI.According to the comparison of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) before PCI and 6 months after PCI,patients were divided into left ventricular function improved group (ΔLVEF6＞5％) and not-improved group.According to the comparison of LVEF before PCI and 3 months after PCI,improved group were divided into left ventricular function early-improved group (ΔLVEF3 ＞5％) and late-improved group.Results The values of all STI parameters before PCI,3 months and 6 months after PCI in improved group were higher than those in not-improved group (P ＜0.001,all).LPSS before PCI and at the follow-ups and RPSS at 3 months after PCI in early-improved group were higher than those in late-improved group (LPSS at 3 months after PCI:P＜0.001;Other parameters:P ＜0.05).There were significant correlations between all STI parameters and both ΔLVEF3 and ΔLVEF6.LPSS before PCI was more closely related to ΔLVEF3 (r =-0.781,P ＜0.001).CPSS at 6 months after PCI was more closely related to ΔLVEF6 (r =-0.834,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions Early and late function improvement of left ventricle in AMI patients who is treated by PCI are accurately assessed by STI.The precise analyses of longitudinal and circumferential movements in STI are important for clinical diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the function and synchronization of left atrial in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF) by two dimensional-speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) and real-time threedimensional echocardiography(RT-3DE).Methods Thirty-two healthy controls and twenty-nine patients with CHF were studied.The mean strain and strain rate during systole,early and late of diastole(mSs,mSe and mSa,mSRs,mSRe and mSRa) were measured at each left atrial wall by 2D-STI.From the volume-time curve of RT-3DE workstation,the maximum volume (LAVmax),the minimum volume(LAVmin),the volume before contraction(LAVp) of left atrial were acquired.Accordingly,the total,passive and active ejection fraction could be calculated.The synchronization parameters derived from 2D-STI and RT-3DE were the dispersion of time to peak strain and time to the minimum volume (T-SD and Tmsv-16-SD).The index of volume and time were corrected by the body surface area and interval of R-R,respectively.The correlation were analysed betwee them.Results () Comparing between two groups,the mSs,mSe and mSa were shortened and the mSRs,mSRe and mSRa were slower in CHF group (P ＜ 0.05).② All the index of volume were gradually increasing from control to CHF group,but the LATEF,LAPEF and LAAEF were just the reverse,with all parameters had significant difference between two groups (P ＜0.05).③ The synchronization parameters were significantly higher from control to CHF group by the two kinds of skills (P ＜0.05).Comparing with 2D-STI,the indexes of synchronization were bigger and the asynchronization rate of CHF group were higher by RT-3DE.④The indexes of synchronization had a negative correlation with the strain rate and the ejection fraction,but had a positive correlation with the index of volume.Conclusions The function of left atrial are reduced in patients of CHF,there are asynchronization.2D-STI and RT 3DE may paly important roles in the evaluation of function and synchronization of left atrial.The relevance ratio of the left atrial asynchronization are higher from the RT-3DE than 2D-STI.

Objective To assess the left ventricular function of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by speckle tracking imaging (STI).Methods 75 AMI patients who had AMI for the first time and have been treated by primary PCI were enrolled.Dynamic images were acquired before PCI,at 6 months after PCI and analyzed by STI.Dynamic images were analyzed for longitudinal peak systolic strain (LPSS),radial peak systolic strain (RPSS) and circumferential peak systolic strain (CPSS) values by STI.According to the comparison of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) before PCI and 6 months after PCI,patients were divided into left ventricular function improved group (△LVEF≥5％) and not-improved group.Results Compared to non-improved group,LPSS (P ＜0.001),RPSS (P ＜0.05,P ＜0.001) and CPSS (P ＜0.001) of improved group were all higher before and 6 months after PCI.LPSS (r =-0.578,P ＜0.001) and CPSS (r =-0.817,P ＜0.001) before PCI were both closely related to △LVEF.In single parameter mode of ROC curve analysis,the area under the ROC curve (AUC) (0.867),sensitivity (94.7％) and specificity (74.4％) of CPSS are relatively higher than other STI parameters.In multiple parameters united mode of ROC curve analysis,AUC (0.897),sensitivity (94.7％) and specificity (74.4％) of LPSS,RPSS and CPSS united were the highest among all the combinations of all STI parameters.Conclusions Left ventricular function improvement of patients with AMI 6 months after PCI is accurately assessed and predicted by STI.CPSS is a strong predictor for left ventricular function improvement 6 months after PCI of AMI patients among all the STI parameters and is an effective indicator for the assessment of left ventricular function improvement of AMI patients.

Objective To identify the dynamic influence of antibiotics use on T helper cell(Th) 1/Th2 cytokine balance in neonatal rats in their early life.Methods Twenty-four newborn SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups including 2dCef group,7dCef group and a control group (n =8).SD rats at 2 or 7 days of age were injected Cefotaxime sodium intraperitoneally for 3 consecutive days.The control group was injected the same amount of phosphate buffer saline.Serum and bronchoaveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were collected on 35 days old and diffe-rential cell count in BALF was done.Enzyme linked immunosorbent was used to detect the concentration of interleukin(IL)-12,interferon-γ(IFN-γ),IL-4 and IL-5 in serum and BALF,and real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect mRNA expression of those cytokines in lung tissues.Results The number of total cells,neutrophils,and lymphocytes in Cefotaxime treated on 2nd day after birth were significantly higher than those in the controls and 7th day group (F =93.78,15.84,7.36,all P ＜0.05).For Thl cytokines detection:the IL-12 secretion in BALF and serum and INF -γsecretion in BALF of the 2 antibiotic groups were lower than those in control group (F =26.53,12.95,47.18,all P ＜ 0.05),the decrease in 2dCef group were more obviously than 7dCef group [(127.72 ± 12.35) ng/L vs (198.15 ± 18.93) ng/L,(105.91±13.61) ng/Lvs (133.63 ±13.82) ng/L,(147.23 ±24.10) ng/Lvs (178.52±12.46) ng/L,all P ＜0.05].The mRNA expression of IL-12 in antibiotic groups were lower than those in control group (F =33.60,P ＜0.05),and the decrease in 2dCef group was more obvious than that in 7 dCef group (0.073 ± 0.023 vs 0.093 ± 0.028,P ＜0.05).For the Th2 cytokines:the IL-4 secretion concentration and mRNA expression in the 2 antibiotic groups were higher than those in the control group (BALF,serum and lung) (F =64.26,13.79,11.54,all P ＜ 0.05),the increase in 2dCef group was more obvious than that in 7dCef group[(103.65 ± 7.68) ng/L vs (82.04 ± 8.77) ng/L,(87.81 ± 4.72) ng/L vs (69.69 ± 7.79) ng/L,(0.067 ± 0.036) ng/L vs (0.051 ± 0.055),all P ＜ 0.05];however,no significant differences of IL-5 either mRNA or cytokine secretion being detected among these 3 groups (F =0.50,0.75,0.08,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Antibiotic use during early time of neonate rats alters postnatal immune cells distribution in the lung and promotes the shift in cytokine balance towards a Th2 profile,and the earlier the antibiotic use,the more serious the impact.

Objective To evaluate left atrial function in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy(ICM)and dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM)by two dimensional-speckle tracking imaging(2D-STI).Methods Twenty-two patients with ICM,twenty-six with DCM and thirty-two healthy subjects were studied.The maximum volume(LAVmax),minimum volume(LAVmin)and volume before the systole(LAVp)of left atria were acquired using biplane area-length method,and calculated the total emptying volume(LATV),expansion index(AEI),active emptying volume(LAEV)and fraction(LAEF)of left atria.The strain and strain rate during systole and late of diastole(Ss,SRs,Sa and SRa)were measured at each left atrial wall (septal,lateral,anterior and inferior).The average of them were worked out.The correlation of left atrial function and strain rate were analysed.Results ①No significant differences were found at the age,sex,heart rate and the E wave between the mitral leaflet tips during all the groups.Compared with the control group,the peak of A wave,the deceleration time of E wave and LVEF decreased in ICM and DCM groups,while the LAD,LVEDD and E/A increased significantly in the two groups(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences between ICM and DCM.②Compared with the controls,the LAVmax increased,AEI and LAEF decreased significantly in patients with ICM and DCM,even lower in DCM(p＜0.05).③Compared with the controls,the Ss,SRs,Sa and SRa reduced significantly in patients with ICM and DCM(P＜0.05),and the DCM showed much significant differences than ICM(P＜0.05).④The AEI had a positive correlation with SRs(r =0.765,P＜0.01).The LAEF had a significant correlation with SRa(r =0.830,P＜0.01).Conclusions The accumulation during systole and active emptying function during late of diastole are both lower in ICM and DCM,even worse in the latter.The 2D-STI may paly an important role in the evaluation of left atrial function.