Aiming at motion artifacts and off-resonance artifacts in multi-shot diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we proposed a joint correction method in this paper to correct the two kinds of artifacts simultaneously without additional acquisition of navigation data and field map. We utilized the proposed method using multi-shot variable density spiral sequence to acquire MRI data and used auto-focusing technique for image deblurring. We also used direct method or iterative method to correct motion induced phase errors in the process of deblurring. In vivo MRI experiments demonstrated that the proposed method could effectively suppress motion artifacts and off-resonance artifacts and achieve images with fine structures. In addition, the scan time was not increased in applying the proposed method.
Artifacts ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Motion ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Vibration

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of compositive treatment on cerebral palsy children with rapid acupoint acupuncture at passive position.Methods37 children were treated with compositive treatment including acupoint acupuncture and physical training.Other 21 who treated with medicine were included as control.Results3 cases were cured and 33 cases were markedly effective in treatment group,which was better than that of control(P<0.05).ConclusionThe therapy composed of rapid acupoint acupuncture and physical training can significantly improve the function of children with cerebral palsy.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effectiveness and pathways of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) transplantation for acute hepatic failure in rats.Method hUCMSCs were isolated from umbilical cord with attachment culture method,and the surface antigens were tested by flow cytometry.Forty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups.The animal model of acute liver failure was induced by injecting intraperitoneally with 50％ olive oil solution of carbon tetrachloride (2.5 ml/kg).The treatment groups were injected with hUCMSCs suspension separately through the tail vein or injected into the liver 24 h post-modeling.Blood serum and liver tissues were collected at several time points to analyze the improvement of liver function and histological repair.Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of human CK8,CK18 and AFP mRNA in liver tissues.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of human CK18 in liver tissues.Result There were statistically significant differences among liver functions after transplantation (P＜0.05).hUCMSCs improved histological status through enhancing hepatocellular regeneration and reducing inflammatory cells.Real-time PCR results showed that the expression of CK8,CK18 and AFP mRNA was obviously increased in the tail vein transplantation group and hepatic lobe injection transplantation group as compared with the model group (P＜0.05).Immunochemistry results revealed that transplanted hUCMSCs in animal liver could differentiate into functional hepatocyte-like cells that expressed human CK18 as hepatocyte-specific marker in the tail vein transplantation group and hepatic lobe injection transplantation group.No significant differences in histological repair and grade of differentiation were examined between the tail vein transplantation group and hepatic lobe injection transplantation group (P＞0.05).Conclusion hUCMSCs can prompt the repair of acute liver failure and enhance pathological repair.Transplanted cells in animal liver can differentiate into functional hepatocyte-like cells that expressing hepatocyte-specific markers.Transplantation of hUCMSCs via the tail vein or direct injection into the liver had the similar therapeutic effects.

Objective To investigate the adiponectin levels in non-obese first-degree relatives (FDR)of type 2 diabetic subjects and its relation to insulin sensitivity and the intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (IMT) during 5-year follow-up. Methods Fifty-three FDR subjects and 37 control subjects who were free of type 2 diabetes were enrolled. Plasma adipenectin, lipid profile, blood glucose, fasting insulin, and blood pressure were determined at baseline and after 5-year follow-up. IMT and endothelial-dependent vasodilation (EDVD) were measured by high-resolution B-mode ultrasound imaging. Homeostasis model assessment was used to evaluate insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)and β-cell function (HOMA-β). 29 FDR subjects and 20 control subjects completed the follow-up. Results Comparing with the control, plasma adiponectin levels in non-obese FDR subjects were lower at baseline [(10.06±5.79)vs (14.43±7.91) mg/L, P< 0.05]. Plasma adiponectin were decreased 24.0% in non-obese FDR and 36.7% in control duning 5 year follow-up (both P<0.05). Adiponectin levels were negatively correlated with waist-to-hip ratio (r = -0. 397), fasting blood glucose (r = -0. 373), IMT (r = -0. 372), and HOMA-IR (r=-0. 40)in the non-obese FDR. After adjusting other relevant risk factors,adiponectin was associated with age, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and IMT in multiple regression analyses in non-obese FDR group. In the control group, a similar analysis revealed that low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and IMT explained 25% of the variability in the adiponectin concentration. Conclusion Plasma adiponectin levels were decreased after 5 years in both non-obese FDR and control subjects. Decreased adiponectin level may be related to IMT increment.

Objective To identify the dynamic influence of antibiotics use on T helper cell(Th) 1/Th2 cytokine balance in neonatal rats in their early life.Methods Twenty-four newborn SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups including 2dCef group,7dCef group and a control group (n =8).SD rats at 2 or 7 days of age were injected Cefotaxime sodium intraperitoneally for 3 consecutive days.The control group was injected the same amount of phosphate buffer saline.Serum and bronchoaveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were collected on 35 days old and diffe-rential cell count in BALF was done.Enzyme linked immunosorbent was used to detect the concentration of interleukin(IL)-12,interferon-γ(IFN-γ),IL-4 and IL-5 in serum and BALF,and real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect mRNA expression of those cytokines in lung tissues.Results The number of total cells,neutrophils,and lymphocytes in Cefotaxime treated on 2nd day after birth were significantly higher than those in the controls and 7th day group (F =93.78,15.84,7.36,all P ＜0.05).For Thl cytokines detection:the IL-12 secretion in BALF and serum and INF -γsecretion in BALF of the 2 antibiotic groups were lower than those in control group (F =26.53,12.95,47.18,all P ＜ 0.05),the decrease in 2dCef group were more obviously than 7dCef group [(127.72 ± 12.35) ng/L vs (198.15 ± 18.93) ng/L,(105.91±13.61) ng/Lvs (133.63 ±13.82) ng/L,(147.23 ±24.10) ng/Lvs (178.52±12.46) ng/L,all P ＜0.05].The mRNA expression of IL-12 in antibiotic groups were lower than those in control group (F =33.60,P ＜0.05),and the decrease in 2dCef group was more obvious than that in 7 dCef group (0.073 ± 0.023 vs 0.093 ± 0.028,P ＜0.05).For the Th2 cytokines:the IL-4 secretion concentration and mRNA expression in the 2 antibiotic groups were higher than those in the control group (BALF,serum and lung) (F =64.26,13.79,11.54,all P ＜ 0.05),the increase in 2dCef group was more obvious than that in 7dCef group[(103.65 ± 7.68) ng/L vs (82.04 ± 8.77) ng/L,(87.81 ± 4.72) ng/L vs (69.69 ± 7.79) ng/L,(0.067 ± 0.036) ng/L vs (0.051 ± 0.055),all P ＜ 0.05];however,no significant differences of IL-5 either mRNA or cytokine secretion being detected among these 3 groups (F =0.50,0.75,0.08,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Antibiotic use during early time of neonate rats alters postnatal immune cells distribution in the lung and promotes the shift in cytokine balance towards a Th2 profile,and the earlier the antibiotic use,the more serious the impact.

OBJECTlVE To expIore the intervention effect of Iosartan on the Iung oxidative injury in-duced by paraquat(PQ). METHODS AduIt maIe SD rats were randomIy divided into 4 groups:normaI controI group,PQ intoxication group(rats were treated with singIe ig PQ 40 mg·kg-1 ),Iosartan inter-vention for 7 and 14 d groups(rats were ig given Iosartan 10 mg·kg-1 daiIy for 7 and 14 consecutive days after PQ was given). AII rats were sacrificed on the 16th day to obtain Iung tissues. HE staining was used to observe the Iung pathoIogicaI changes. The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),cataIase (CAT)and totaI antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and content of Iipid peroxide(LPO)were detected by spectrophotometry. ReaI-time quantitative PCR was used to investigate the NF-κB mRNA expression in Iung tissue. RESULTS PathoIogicaI examination showed that acute Iung injury and significant Iung fibro-sis appeared in PQ intoxication group but were reversed by Iosartan. The IeveIs of SOD,CAT and T-AOC decreased whiIe the content of LPO in PQ intoxication group increased significantIy compared with controI group(P﹤0.05). Compared with PQ intoxication group,the IeveIs of SOD,CAT and T-AOC in-creased and the content of LPO decreased in Iosartan intervention for 7 and 14 d groups(P﹤0.05),and the IeveIs of T-AOC and LPO in Iosartan intervention for 7 and 14 d groups and the activities of SOD and CAT in Iosartan intervention for 14 d group nearIy returned to normaI. The mRNA expression of NF-κB was upreguIated after rats were exposed to PQ,downreguIated in Iosartan intervention for 7 and 14 d groups in rat Iung tissues( P﹤0.05),but nearIy returned to normaI. CONCLUSlON Oxidative stress may be invoIved in the acute PQ poisoning process and Iosartan might have intervention effect on acute PQ Iung damage by improving the antioxidant capacity and downreguIating the mRNA expression of NF-κB.

Objective To learn the management staff and funds allocation of the NRCMS in Guangxi,and come up with solution accordingly.Methods Collection of the annual report data of NRCMS in Guangxi from 2009 to 2012,and calculation of the management personnel and funds expenditure.Results The management personnel of NRCMS in Guangxi is found with a 1000-person gap between the actual staffing and approved staffing quota; the management funds rise year by year which come mostly from fiscal appropriation.Yet it accounts for less than 2.00％ and with a high rate of surplus; per-capita funds for management personnel rise significantly,along with their per-capital salaries,yet the highest fall below 25000 yuan per year per person.Conclusion Staffing quota should be fixed more rationally to ensure the number and competence of NRCMS management staff; more funds and better use of management funds are required.

Objective To explore the pathological changes by CT scan on localized thermochemotherapy dur- ing and after the operation of human gliomas.Methods Retrospective analysis was given to the CT scan of 37 pa- tients receiving thermochemotherapy during and after the operation,and the relation of the tumorous cells and mi- crovessels and CT density by EM were analyzed.Changes of tumorous cells and microvessels after localized ther- mochemotherapy on C_6 gliomas in rat were analyzed.Results When the tumor was low dense on CT pattern,less cellular number with increasing the amount of fluid between the cells was demonstrated pathologically.On EM,a lower cellular electron density was observed.The amount of fluid in cytoplasm was increased,the cytoplasm was porous,swelling denaturation was chiefly seen in organelle.If the tumor had mixed density on CT,cellular number was more,the amount of fluid was less.On EM,cellular electron density increased correspondingly,the fluid in cyto- plasm decreased,organdie was aggregated.After thermochemotherapy,the tumor reduced,liquefied,and vanished by CT scan.It could be observed that the tumorous cell become smaller,concentrated and cataclased,finally formed apoprotic bodies and separated from the cell in C_6 gliomas in EM.The tumorous vessels was less,smaller and thinker. Some vessels only could see the base membrane and no endothelioid cells.Conclusion The remaining tumors is van- ished by CT scan.The mechanisms of tumors disappearance proposes to explain that thermochemotherapy can dam- age C_6 glioma cells and microvessels,decrease microvessels density and induce tumor ceils apoptosis.That inhibits tu- morous angiogenesis and proliferation.

Microbiology experiment existing independently from microbiology theoretical curriculum is an indispensable compulsory course in contemporary life science. This article presents the principle applied by the National Excellent Microbiology Course teaching group in Nankai University, which is to strengthen the undergraduates’ basic skills of conducting microbiology experiments. With an aim to enhance the core competitiveness of the undergraduates, we have established the three-level experimental contents. A new multilevel teaching pattern focusing on basic skill training as the cornerstone has been applied to enhance the overall competences of the students and to stimulate their innovation abilities. Students’ experimental accomplishment will also be taken into consideration when their experiment results are evaluated, which helps to standardizing their research ethics.

PurposeTo investigate the clinical value of inverted X-ray plain film and MRI examination in the diagnosis of congenital anorectal malformation (CARM). Materials and Methods Thirty-eight cases with operatively proved anorectal malformation were reviewed; inverted X-ray plain film and MRI examination were performed in all patients before surgery. The relationship between the rectum blind side and pubococcygeal line (PC line), and the type of anal atresia was determined, to compare the diagnostic accuracy of inverted plain film with MRI for CARM typing. Results Of all the 38 cases, 19 cases were with low imperforate anus, 8 cases with median imperforate anus, and 11 cases with high imperforate anus. The accuracy rate of inverted X-ray plain film and MRI examination for the diagnosis of CARM typing was 92.1% (35/38) and 97.4% (37/38) respectively, and the difference between them was not statistically significant (χ2=1.37, P>0.05). 7 cases of fistula, 5 cases of spinal cord malformations and 1 case of right kidney agenesis can be clearly demonstrated on MRI. Conclusion Both inverted X-ray plain film and MRI can diagnose the typing of CARM accurately, but MRI is also able to diagnose the fistula, visceral, spinal cord lesion and other abnormalities accompanied with CARM, while reducing the dose of X-ray radiation and damage in children, thus has higher clinical application value compared with inverted X-ray plain film.