Ear Diseases ; congenital ; Ear, Middle ; abnormalities ; Humans

An animal model of acute lung injury was reproduced by intravenous injection of E. coli endotoxin to burned rats. The histological changes of lung were studied using transmission electron microscope. It was found that leukocytes accumulated in the pulmonary capillaries and adhered to endothelia. The WBC count decreased gradually. The level of MDA, lung coefficient and lung water content were increased. The SOD activity was decreased. Pretreatment with SOD could improve the changes mentioned above. This study suggests that oxygen radicals play an important role in acute lung injury induced by burns complicated by endotoxemia.

The functional changes of pulmonary surfactant (PS) in rats of acute lung injury induced by scald companied with endotoxemia were studied The surface properties of the bronch-alveolar lavags fluid (BALF) and the total phospholipids extracted frome it were assessed on a modified Whilhemy film balance. The results showed hat the total phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidyl glycerol in the BALF were decreased the total proteins in the BALF were increased and the function of PS of the BALF were reduced which may be caused by increased serum proteins in the alveoli and decreased surface activity of phospholipids themselves.

Objective:To explore the predictive factors of intestinal necrosis in acute mesenteric ischemia.Methods:This retrospective study enrolled 81 patients diagnosed as acute mesenteric vascular occlusive diseases in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University between Nov 2012 to May 2017. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify predictive factors for intestinal necrosis.Results:In univariate analysis, the predictive factors of intestinal necrosis were peritoneal irritation sign ( P<0.001), white blood cell count ( P<0.001), serum albumin ( P=0.028), blood creatinine ( P=0.025), serum lactic acid ( P=0.008), D-dimer ( P=0.037), intestinal pneumatosis ( P=0.017), decreased or disappeared enhanced bowel wall ( P<0.001) and bowel loop dilation>2.5 cm ( P=0.01) on CT scan. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, white blood cells ( OR=3.60, 95% CI: 1.51-5.47, P=0.007), lactic acid ( OR=4.80, 95% CI: 1.36-9.89, P=0.032), reduced or disappeared enhanced bowel wall ( OR=10.57, 95% CI: 1.82-61.10, P=0.008) were independent predictive factors of intestinal necrosis in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia. Conclusions:The predicted risk factors for intestinal necrosis in mesenteric ischemic diseases are increased white blood cells, elevated serum lactate levels, and reduced or disappeared enhanced bowel wall on CT scan.

Objective To detect the difference of cerebral gray matter change in children with different karyotype Turner Syndrome (TS) by using voxel-based morphometry (VBM).Methods Nineteen children with 45XO karyotype TS,21 children with heterozygous TS and 20 age-matched control girls were recruited in this study.Wechsler intelligence scale for children was used to obtain their intelligence quotients (IQ).High-resolution magnetic MR imaging was performed in TS children and control girls to collect the whole brain structural data.The data was analyzed by VBM based on SPM8 to compare the volume of gray matter among the monosomy TS children,heterozygous TS children and normal controls by using covariance analysis.Alphasim method in the software of analysis of functional neuroimages(AFNI) was used for clusterlevel multiple comparison.Results The IQ was 89 ± 16 for the monosomy TS children,and it was 91 ± 13 for heterozygous TS children and 109 ± 15 for the controls.Statistical analysis revealed significant difference of IQ among them (F =10.75,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with normal controls,both monosomy TS children and heterozygous TS children showed significantly decreased volume (voxel numbers in clusters were 4117,1392,1085,t =5.75,5.33 and 5.02 for monosomy TS; voxel numbers in clusters were 4501,2437,591,t =5.40,5.11 and 4.95 for heterozygous TS respectively,P ＜ 0.01,FWE-corrected) in the gray matter of bilateral precuneus lobule,postcentral gyrus,and cingulum cortex.However,the volume of the orbitofrontal lobe,parahippocampal gyrus,cerebellum,temporal pole,corpus striatum and posterior midbrain were increased in the monosomy and heterozygous TS children compared to the controls (voxel numbers in clusters were 1444,1188,791,725,695,431,386,t =5.01,5.96,5.67,5.23,4.85,4.43,4.94 for monosomy TS; voxel numbers in clusters were 6988,2709,2510,2380,1987,1709,1185,t =6.50,7.06,7.26,5.27,5.71,6.02,4.56 for heterozygous TS,P ＜ 0.01,FWE-corrected).Compared with monosomy TS,heterozygous TS showed increased gray matter volume in the left parahippocampal gyrus and corpus striatum (voxel numbers were 1014 and 496,t =4.75,4.53,P ＜0.01,FWE-eorreeted),while they had decreased gray matter volume in the right supramarginal gyrus (voxel number was 350,t =4.28,P ＜ 0.01,FWE-corrected).Conclusions Both monosomy and heterozygous TS show brain atrophy in the parietooccipital lobe,indicating similar abnormality of gray matter development.However,heterozygous TS shows more increased gray matter volume in the prefrontal lobes and the cerebellum than monosomy TS,which may be the compensatory mechanism in this condition.

Purpose To assess left ventricular diastolic function in the patients with essentialhypertension. Methods 25 normotensives,93 hypertensiives without hypertrophy (NLVH) and 47 withhypertrophy (LVH)(LVMI, left ventricular mass index ＞ 124 g/m2 in males and 110 g/m2 in females)underwent 2DE and Doppler echocardiography. Results The ratio of early to late peak velocity (E/A)was 1.21 ± 0.24 in normotensives and 1.03 ± 0.23 in NLVH patients( P ＜ 0.01 ); reversed pulmonaryvenous flow at atrial systole PA wave was (32.7 ± 7.5 ) vs (38.9 ± 8.7) cm/s (P ＜ 0.01 ) in normotensivesand in NLVH patients respectively. The isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) and left atrial dimension (LAD)have significant differences in three groups ( P ＜ 0. 05 - 0. 001 ). EF value was similar betweennormotensives and NLVH patients, but it was lower in LVH patients ( P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusions E/Aratio, PA wawe, Pai, IVRT and LAD are sensitive parameters indicating mild diastolic left ventriculardysfunction. Systolic left ventricular function has no change in NLVH patients.

Objective To prepare recombinant human adenovirus type 3 expressing Norovirus cap-sid protein gene(Noro-orf2). Methods The cDNA for Noro-orf2 was amplifed by RT-PCR from stool of in-fantile gastroenteritis and cloned into the adenovirus shuttle vector pBSE3CMV-egfp. The vector pBSE3CMV-Nor was linearized with EeoR Ⅴ and Not Ⅰ, and transformed into E. coil BJ5183 with lined edenovirus ge-nomic DNA pLasmid pBRAdv3 by Rsr Ⅱ. The identification of recombinant adenovirus plasmid pBRAdv3E3dNor was performed by PCR, enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing. Then pBRAdv3E3dNor was digested with AsiS Ⅰ and transfeeted into Hep-2 cells with LipofectAMINETM 2000 to package recombi-nant adenovirus particles. Results Noro-orf2 was successfully inserted into the shuttle vector. The recombi-nant adenoviral plasmid pBRAdv3E3dNor was generated by homologous recombination in E. coil BJ5183 and confirmed by PCR and enzyme digestion. The recombinant adenovirus was successfully packaged and puri-fied. Norovirus eapsid protein gene expression was confirmed in Hep-2 cells by immunecytochemistry assay. Conclusion The recombinant type 3 adenovirus expressing Norovirus eapsid protein gene was successfully constructed. This study laid a foundation for developing vaccine against Norovirus.

ObjectiveTo investigate mechanisms for IL-27 induced proliferation and differentiation of peripheral blood CD4+ T cells in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC).MethodsPeriperal blood CD4+ T cells were isolated from patients with PBC,chonic hepatitis B (CHB) and health controls (HCs).After IL-27 stimulation,proliferation ability of CD4+ T cells was evaluated by CCK-8 kit,and cytokines were analyzed by ELISA.Real-time PCR was employed to assay mRNA expression of T-bet and GATA3 in CD4+ T cells.p-STAT-1 and pSTAT-3 expression in CD4+ T cells were detected by Western blot.ResultsEnhanced proliferation of CD4+ T cells was found in all subjects after IL-27 stimulation.However,the proliferation ability in patients with PBC was greater than that in CHB and HCs ( P＜0.001 ).Levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ in supernatant from IL-27-incubated PBC blood CD4+ T cells were higher than that from CHB and HCs (P＜0.001 ).In normal situation,T-bet mRNA of CD4+ T cells in PBC group was higher than that in CHB group (P=0.007).Furthermore,after IL-27 stimulation,elevated T-bet mRNA expression and GATA3 inhibition were found in patients with PBC.High expression of p-STAT-1 and p-STAT-3 in blood CD4+ T cells were found in PBC,CHB and HCs after stimulation by IL-27.But their expression in patients with PBC were higher than those in patients with CHB and HCs.ConclusionProliferation of blood CD4+ T cells could be induced by IL-27 in patients with PBC.The signaling pathways of p-STAT-1,p-STAT-3 were involved to induce Th1 immune response and related cytokines expression.This study implicated that IL-27 may play important roles in early inflammation damage in PBC.

Objective To investigate the relationship of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on FTO gene rs9939609 with metabolism index and obesity in children. Methods One hundred and fifty-three children (age 7-11 year) were recruited in this study, 102 of them were obese and 51 of them were overweight. One hundred and sixty children with normal body weight were recruited as control. Height, weight and biochemical indicator of liver function were measured. PCR and direct sequence were applied to detect the polymorphism of rs9939609, and the frequency of the allele was calculated. Results TT or TA/AA genotype frequency on FTOgene rs9939609 was significantly different among overweight group, obesity group and normal con-trol group (χ2=23.01, P<0.001);TA/AA genotype frequency in overweight and obesity group was significant higher than that in the control group(P<0.014). The frequencies of T and A allele in overweight group, obesity group and control group was 96.25%and 3.75%, 85.29%and 14.71%, 85.78%and 14.22%respectively. There was significant difference of allelic frequency among overweight group, obesity group and control group (χ2=21.72, P<0.001). The frequency of A allele in overweight and obe-sity group was higher than that in control group (P'<0.014). Subjects with TA/AA allele had significantly higher BMI compared with subjects with TT allele. Conclusions rs9939609 of FTO gene is associated with obesity in children, and allele A on this spot may raise BMI and leads to overweight and obesity.

M2e gene of three copies for H5N1 subtype AIV was synthesized and fused with human mycobacterium tuberculosis hsp70 gene.The fused gene was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector to get pET-3M2e and pET-3M2e-hsp70.Recombinant protein r3M2e and r3M2e-hsp70 were successfully expressed induced with IPTG and purified with Ni2+-NTA collumn.Following that,the immunity of the recombinant protein was analysized with Western blot.20-day-old AIV non-immunized chickens were vaccined with r3M2e and r3M2e hsp70,at the same time,Trx and KLH-M2e inoculated chickens were served as vector and positive controls.Two weeks after the primary vaccination,every group was boosted with the same vaccine as in the primary vaccination.The humoral immunity of the vaccined chickens was evaluated with antibody detection against M2e,cytopathic suppression test,and indirect fluorescence assay.The cellular immunity was estimated according to lymphocyte subtype analysis with flow cytometry and M2e specific cytokine detection.Four weeks after the boost vaccine,all groups were challenged with 100EID50 AIV of H9N2 subtype,and the virus from swabs was detected with Real-time PCR.Results indicated that r3M2e hsp70 vaccined chicken developed the better humoral and cellular immune response,also,made a better performance compared with r3M2e vaccined group in virus challenge.