Objective To understand the molecular epidemiology characteristics and its drug resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the urban area of Jilin and to provide important basis for guiding the clinical medication and prevention of the MRSA infection. Methods One hundred and three strains of MRSA from July 2013 to July 2014 in the urban area of Jilin were selected. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology and multiple polymerase chain reaction were used to detect mecA gene and Staphylococcus chromosomal cassette mec typing (SCCmec) genotype of MRSA. The drug sensitivity test for 13 kinds of clinical common antibacterial drugs were detected by using the K-B method. And the source of the strains were analyzed. Results The results of SCCmec genotype of MRSA showed that SCCmecⅢtype were 62 strains, accounting for 60.2%;SCCmecⅡtype were 39 strains, accounting for 37.9%; failing to parting were 2 strains,accounting for 1.9%. Drug susceptibility test results showed that all of 103 MRSA strains were resistant to cefoxitin, cefazolin, penicillin and benzene, and drug resistance rate was 100.0%. The resistant rate to erythromycin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, gentamicin and rifampin were 96.1%, 93.2%, 95.1%, 91.3%, 90.3%and 55.3%receptively;the resistant rate to sulfamethoxazolewas was only 1.9%;and the resistant strains to vancomycin and teicoplanin were not detected. The top three department of the distribution of the strains source were department of neurosurgery (31.1%), ICU (19.4%) and burn plastic surgery (17.5%). Conclusions The SCCmecⅢtype is the main MRSA epidemic strains, and SCCmec type II is a minor epidemic strainin the urban area of Jilin. The antibiotic resistance of MRSA is a serious problem with multiple drug resistance, but MRSA is sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin.

Pneumoconiosis

Objective To explore the relationships between serum adiponectin,IL-6 and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) degree in newborn infant.Methods Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay was used to detect the serum adiponectin and IL-6 in 58 neonatal HIE and 26 neonates without HIE.And all the data were processed by SPSS 10.0 software.Results The level of serum adiponectin in moderate and severe HIE at acute stage were significantly lower than that of mild and control groups(Pa0.05).The level of serum IL-6 in moderate and severe HIE at acute stage were significantly higher than that of the mild and control groups(Pa0.05).The level of adiponectin were significant negative correlation with IL-6(r=-0.852 P

Objective To evaluate the dose distribution in clinical target volume (CTV) and organs-at-risk (OARs) in three dimension therapy plans in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of tongue receiving postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) or conventional radiotherapy (CRT) by dosimetric study. Methods Thirty-five patients with squamous cell carcinoma of tongue were divided into CRT group(n=17) and IMRT group(n=18). All patients underwent head-and-neck immobilization with a thermoplastic mask and planning CT scan, and target volume and OARs were contoured. Dose calculation and plan optimization were performed. All three dimension plans passed quality assurance before treatment. The dosimetry of therapy plans with IMRT or CRT in target volume and OARs dose distribution was compared by dose-volume histogram (DVH), conformity index (CI) and homogeneous index (HI). Results There were significant differences in D95 (isodose line to cover 95 percent target volume), CI, HI, minimum dose and maximum dose in CTV of therapy plans between patients with IMRT and CRT(P < 0.01), and there was no significant difference in mean dose of CTV(P > 0.05). The radiation dose on salivary glands (both parotid glands and contralateral submandibular gland) in patients with IMRT was significantly lower than that in patients with CRT(P < 0.01). Conclusion Compared with dose distribution of CRT plans, there are more advantages in improving dose distribution at the target volume and sparing salivary glands in IMRT therapy plans in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of tongue.

Objective To study the application of the annular drilling in the operation of traumatic intracra-nial hematoma.Methods The clinical data of 31 cases of posterior cranial fossa hematoma were analyzed retrospec-tively.Results In 31 patients,the operation was successful and the hematoma was satisfactory.After the injury,the GOS score,22 cases recovered,8 cases of mild disability,1 case of severe disability,no case of plant survival and death.Conclusion It has high hematoma removal rate and a satisfactory recovery after surgery for traumatic posterior cranial fossa hematoma.The size and scope of the posterior fossa craniotomy are restricted by bone window, so we should have a good knowledge of the surgical indications and contraindications.

Objective To explore clinical application of neotype controllability artificial nephrohydrosis in percutaneous nephrolithoto-my. Methods 400 patients with renal lithiasis or superior segment ureter lithiasis in our hospital were divided into group A and group B. 200 cases of group A received neotype controllability artifiicial nephrohydrosis;200 cases of group B received conventional artificial nephro-hydrosis. The puncture duration, amount of bleeding and times of puncture of the two groups were compared. Results 195 cases in Group A were developed renal tract for PCNL effectively,157 cases were developed renal tract for PCNL effectively in Group B. The puncture duration, amount of bleeding and times of puncture of group A and group B were respectively (1. 8 ± 0. 7) vs. (2. 5 ± 1. 2) min,(112. 7 ± 51. 0) vs. (270. 2 ± 89. 3) mL,(1. 1 ± 0. 2) vs. (1. 8 ± 0. 7) times. The differences were significant. Conclusion Neotype controllability artificial nephrohydrosis can develop renal tract for PCNL effectively.

Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of partial cystectomy combined with chemotherapy in treating localized muscle invasive bladder cancer.Methods The patients admitted to localized muscle invasive bladder cancer from October 2011 to December 2015 were screened according to the strict inclusion criteria,and the final 53 patients were enrolled in the study,37 males and 16 females,aged 36 to 85 (63.72 ± 13.31)years.Tumor diameter 1.5-4.0 (2.52 ±0.56)cm,the number of≤ 3 and the edge of the tumor from the ureteral opening ＞ 2 cm.All pathological types are urothelial carcinoma.All patients were examined by MRI clinical stage T2a-T2b period.A total of 53 patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer who refuse or older,merge the heavier medical disease,difficult to tolerate radical cystectomy.Using partial cystectomy,intraoperative electrosurgical excision to deep muscle,parallel to the tumor bed frozen to confirm negative margins,postoperatively systemic chemotherapy of gemcitabine combined cisplatin and bladder perfusion chemotherapy of hydroxycamptothecin.Results Patients were successfully opcrated,and no margin positive or incision planting cases.The operating time is 55-110 min and average (79.11 ± 17.25)min.There was no serious complication in operation and postoperative,pathological diagnosis was invasive epithelial cell carcinoma of the urinary tract,pathology classification:low level 41 cases,and high level 12 cases.Follow up of 12 to 62 months,an average of (27.11 ± 12.22)months,21 cases of recurrence,12 patients had superficial recurrence in the bladder who was treated successfully by transurethral resection of bladder tumor,5 cases of multiple myometrial invasion who was treated by radical cystectomy (3 cases died of bladder cancer after the surgery in 8,12,and 18 months later),4 cases of myometrial invasion with recurrence of pelvic lymph node metastasis or even distant metastasis to give up treatment (all died within six months of bladder cancer).The first tumor recurrence time 3-18 months,11 months and the median time.Conclusions Our data indicate that partial cystectomy combined with chemotherapy is a safe and effective in treating localized muscle invasive bladder cancer,with less trauma,shorter operative time and higher safety,so as to provide an alternative treatment for patients with advanced age,high risk or who can not be implemented transurethral resection of bladder tumor or who refused to undergo radical cystectomy.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of embolization therapy using N-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate(NBCA)for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)complicated with arterio-portal fistula(APF).Methods Eighty patients with HCC and APF underwent embolothempy with NBCA(NBCA group,26 patients)or absolute alcohol(alcohol group,54 patients).The APF wag first treated with liquid embolic agent during the TACE procedure.We used NBCA-Lipiodol mixtures in concentration of 20%-50% according to tlle different circulation times of these APF in NBCA group,Absolute alcohol plus gelfoam or other materisis were used for embolization of APF in alcohol group.The pain reaction during the procedure,influence for liver function(X2 test).occlusive suceessfxil rate after single embolization(Fisher's exact test)and the survival rate of 1 year(log-rank analysis)between two groups were compared after the embolotherapy.Results Four patients in NBCA group and 52 patients in alcohol group felt painful during the pmcedures.There wag statistically significant difference between two groups(x2=58.86,P＜0.001).The APF disappeared after only sin~e embolization in 24(92.3%,24/26)cages of NBCA group and in 37(68.5%,37/54)patients of alcohol group.There wag also significant difference between two groups (P=0.024).There were no statistical ditierence in the post.embolization liver function change and 1 year survival rate between two groups.Conclusions The embolization therapy using NBCA for HCC complicated with APF is safe.effective and more accurate.It can be used as a new technique for these patients.

Objective To observe the efficacy ,safety and patient acceptance of the artificial airway with the oro‐pharyngo‐laryn‐gead airway cap(OPLAC) for hip replacement surgery in patients with intravenous‐inhalation combined anesthesia .Methods Sev‐enty eight cases of patients receiving the hip replacement surgery were included ,42 patients were to be adopted to establish artificial airway with the OPLAC for intravenous‐inhalation combined anesthesia ,another 36 patients treated with heath side‐lying position hypobaric spinal‐epidural anesthesia .There are two groups ,the oro‐pharyngo‐laryngead airway cap group(OPLAC ,n=42) and hy‐pobaric combined spinal‐epidural anesthesia group (CESA ,n=36) .Monitor the changes of respiratory and circulatory parameters of the two groups before the start of anesthesia ,anesthetic after 10 min ,30 min ,1 h ,and handling marrow ,observing occurrence of complications (delirium ,sore throat ,nausea ,vomiting ,deep vein thrombosis) ,following up the degree of satisfaction of patients and surgeons for anesthesia .Results The respiratory and circulatory parameters of the OPLAC group during anesthesia induction and maintenance were relatively stable ,on the other hand ,significant cyclic inhibition (blood pressure and heart rate decresing ) and re‐spiratory rate declining were observed in the CESA group after anesthesia ,cases with the use of atropine and dopamine significantly more than OPLAC group .The circulation and breath in the OPLAC group were relatively stable when handling marrow ,while cir‐culation fluctuating Significantly in the CESA group (blood pressure decreasing and heart rate increasing ) .The incidence of delirium in the CESA group was significantly higher than OPLAC group .The patient satisfaction of the OPLAC group was significantly bet‐ter than the CESA group .Conclusion The artificial airway with OPLAC for hip replacement surgery in patients with intravenous‐inhalation combined anesthesia is safe ,effective ,and satisfactory .

The pharmacological mechaisms of Panax notoginseng saponins on nervous system diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ischermic cerebral apoplexy and depressive disorder) , including panax notoginseng saponins, protoparaxotriol saponins, panasadiol saponins, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Re and notoginsenoside R1 were summarized to analyze the study hotspots and potential advantages (such as estrogen-like effect) of notoginsenoside's pharmacological actions, provide reference for further pharmacological studies and new ideas for clinical treatment of nervous system diseases and drug studies and development.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Humans ; Nervous System Diseases ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Saponins ; administration & dosage