BACKGROUND: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) in the intestine was upregulated and correlated with disease activity in inflammatory bowel diseases. Membrane-bound TREM-1 protein is increased in the pancreas, liver and kidneys of patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), suggesting that TREM-1 may act as an important mediator of inflammation and subsequent extra-pancreatic organ injury. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the expression of TREM-1 in intestinal tissue and intestinal barrier dysfunction in SAP. METHODS: Sixty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group (SO group, n=32) and a SAP group (n=32). A SAP model was established by retrograde injection of 5％sodium deoxycholate into the bile-pancreatic duct. Specimens were taken from blood and intestinal tissue 2, 6, 12, and 48 hours after operation respectively. The levels of D-lactate, diamine oxidase (DAO) and endotoxin in serum were measured using an improved spectro-photometric method. The expression levels of TREM-1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA in terminal ileum were detected by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Specimens of the distal ileum were taken to determine pathological changes by a validated histology score. RESULTS: The serum levels of D-lactate, DAO and endotoxin were significantly increased in each subgroup of SAP compared with the SO group (P<0.01, P<0.05). The expression levels of TREM-1, IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA in the terminal ileum in each subgroup of SAP were significantly higher than those in the SO group (P<0.01, P<0.05). The expression level of TREM-1mRNA was positively correlated with IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA (r=0.956, P=0.044; r=0.986, P=0.015), but the correlation was not found between IL-1β mRNA and TNF-α mRNA (P=0.133). Compared to the SO group, the pathological changes were aggravated significantly in the SAP group. CONCLUSIONS: The expression level of TREM-1 in intestinal tissue of rats with SAP was elevated, leading to the release of inflammatory mediators and intestinal mucosal injury. This finding indicates that TREM-l might play an important role in the development of intestinal barrier dysfunction in rats with SAP.

Objective To evaluate the clinical results of free vascularized fibular associated with iliac graft in treatment of old femoral neck fracture.Methods From 1994 to 1997,76 cases of old femoral neck fracture were treated with free vascularized fibular associated with iliac graft,they were followed up for observ- ing fracture healing,hip function and femoral head necrosis.Results Sixty-eight of these 76 cases were fol- lowed up with detail data with the main term as 10.5 years.All fractures healed within 4 to 6 months.63 cases got a almost normal hip function with the Harris score was 87.5,in these cases,the structure of femoral head were normal and the grafted fibular and iliac bone healed with the femoral.4 cases got to femoral head necrosis and 1 experienced hip dislocation.Conclusion Free vascularixed fibular associated with iliac graft is a good method to treat these cases with old femoral neck fracture who want reserve their femoral head.

AIMTo investigate the preparation of diclofenac sodium pulsatile release pellets (DS-PRP), the release in vitro and the pharmacokinetics of the drug.

METHODSDiclofenac sodium (DS) core pellets prepared by extrusion-spheronization technology were coated in a mini-fluidized bed spray coater with swelling material as the inner coating swelling layer and ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as the outer coating controlled layer. The effects of formulation and medium on pulsatile release of DS were investigated under release rate test. Pharmacokinetic and bioavailability study in eight human subjects were performed by HPLC method.

RESULTSThe delayed-release time and release rate of DS from DS-PRP were influenced obviously by the swelling material, the concentration of SDS in medium, the coating level of the inner swelling layer and the outer controlled layer. In vitro, the delayed-release time T0.1 was 3.1 h, and the pulsed-release time T0.1-0.2 was 1.2 h. In vivo, the delayed-release time Tlag was 2.8 h, and the bioavailability was (91 +/- 12)%.

CONCLUSIONThe release of drug from DS-PRP was shown to be in pulsed way both in vitro and in vivo.

Adult ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Biological Availability ; Cellulose ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Diclofenac ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the related factors of lymph node detection number in rectal cancer patients underwent laparoscopic surgery. Methods 98 patients with rectal cancer who underwent laparoscopic surgery were selected from January 2014 to January 2010. All the patients general information [gender, age, body mass index (BMI)], preoperative imaging findings and pathological data (tumor size, gross type, TNM stage, distant metastasis, histological differentiation and depth of invasion, et al), surgery related data (experience of surgeon, operation time) and preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy were collected. Results The age, BMI, tumor size, length of specimen, invasive depth, surgeon and preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy was correlated with the number of lymph nodes in patients with laparoscopic surgery (P < 0.05), but gender, TNM staging, general type, histological differentiation, operation time were not associated with the number of lymph nodes detected in minimally invasive surgery for rectal cancer (P > 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that BMI, tumor size, length of specimen, invasive depth, surgeon and preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy were the independent influencing factors of lymph node detection in patients with minimally invasive rectal cancer (P < 0.05). Conclusion The factors of patients, tumor status, surgical factors and preoperative chemoradiotherapy are related to the number of lymph nodes in patients with rectal cancer.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the dynamic variability of intestinal flora and endotoxins in rats with fulminate hepatic failure.

METHODSEstablishing the fulminate hepatic failure models by intraperitoneal injection of Galactosamine. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: group A (n=10) were killed at the beginning of the experiment as control; while Group B (n=12) and C (n=18), the fulminate hepatic failure models, were killed 24 and 48 hours respectively after successful induction. Then, the contents of the jejunum, ileum and colon descendents were collected and a quantitative analysis was made about intestinal flora. Meanwhile, the concentrations of endotoxin in portal vein and right ventricle were determined and so were those in contents of ileums and colons.

RESULTSOur experiments showed that the livers of rats in group B were injured most seriously among three groups, and a minor recovery of hepatic function was observed in group C with the decrease of total bile acids (P< 0.05). Analysis on intestinal flora show: the intestinal enterobacteriacea increase and the lactobacillus decrease in group B (P< 0.01 in jejunum and ileum and P<0.05 in colon). The comparisons between group C and B showed that the enterobacteriacea in the former decreased in both jejunum and colon (P< 0.05) while the number of lactobacillus recovered in the jejunum of group C (P<0.05). Quantitative analysis on endotoxins showed that the ileum endotoxin increased in group B (P< 0.05) and in group C, endotoxins in ileum and colons also increased (vs. control, P<0.01); portal endotoxin in group B showed higher level than that in group A and C (P< 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe alteration of intestinal flora was observed in fulminate hepatic failure rats. Abnormal intestinal flora might lead to incline of endotoxin in ileum, colon and portal vein, while the recovery of normal intestinal flora would decrease the level of portal endotoxin.

Animals ; Bacteria ; isolation & purification ; Endotoxins ; analysis ; Intestines ; chemistry ; microbiology ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Liver Failure ; microbiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo explore the brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) on prognostic value in patients with viral myocarditis.

METHODSA total of 48 patients with viral myocarditis and 42 healthy people were enrolled and followed up for two years. The NYHA class and LVEF were recorded and the concentration of BNP were measured.

RESULTSThe concentration of BNP were higher and EF were lower in patients with viral myocarditis (P < 0.01) than contrast people. Higher levels of plasma BNP were related to higher mortality.

CONCLUSIONLevels of brain natriuretic peptide measured in the plasma could be a useful biochemical marker for the myocarditis, and high concentration of BNP may correlate with poor prognosis in patients with myocarditis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocarditis ; blood ; mortality ; physiopathology ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; blood ; Prognosis ; Ventricular Function, Left ; Virus Diseases ; blood ; mortality ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo express human vascular endothelial growth factor (hVEGF(165)) in E. coli JM109 in the form of fusion protein by genetic engineering and test the biological activity and immunological competence of the expressed protein.

METHODShVEGF(165) gene was subcloned by PCR and inserted into pQE30 plasmid. hVEGF(165) fusion protein was expressed in E. coli JM109 and purified by Ni(2+)-NTA. The immunological competence of the expressed protein was tested by means of Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and its biological activity was assayed by chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and Matrigel angiogenesis assay.

RESULTSThe recombinant hVEGF(165) fusion protein was successfully expressed in E. coli JM109 and its expression accounted for 30% of the total cellular protein. The purified protein presented a single band of 23 kD in SDS-PAGE. Western blotting, ELISA, CAM and matrigel angiogenesis assay showed excellent immunologic competence and biological activity of the recombinant protein.

CONCLUSIONRecombinant hVEGF(165) protein with excellent biological activity has been successfully expressed in E.coli JM109, which may facilitate future study in construction of prefabricated tissue-engineered bone graft.

Blotting, Western ; Cloning, Molecular ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Prokaryotic Cells ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of beta-protein 1 (BP(1)) gene, a novel member of DLX homeobox gene family, in lung cancer tissue and its relationship with clinical features of lung cancer.

METHODSRT-PCR was employed for detecting BP(1) gene expression in the lung cancer tissues, adjacent tissues, non-cancer lung tissues of 46 lung cancer patients.

RESULTSThirty-six lung cancer tissues and 6 adjacent tissues but none of the normal tissues were found to have BP(1) gene overexpression, showing significant difference in BP(1) expression between the tissues (P<0.01). Significant difference in BP1 gene overexpression was noted between well differentiated cancers (13 of out 21) and poorly differentiated cancers (22 of the 25), but not between cancers of different stages or between squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.

CONCLUSIONBP(1) gene expression is up-regulated in human lung cancer in related to the differentiation level of lung cancer but not to the clinical stage.

Adenocarcinoma ; genetics ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Homeodomain Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transcription Factors ; genetics

Objective: To compare the clinical features between very late stent thrombosis (VLST) and very late in-stent restenosis, to discuss the potential risk factors for VLST occurrence. Methods: Our research included in 2 groups: VLST group, 21 ACS patients with coronary angiography (CAG) confirmed VLST admitted in our hospital and Control group, 38 ACS patients with CAG confirmed very late in-stent restenosis at same period of time. Basic clinical data, laboratory tests and relevant examinations were compared between 2 groups; potential risk factors for VLST occurrence were studied by Logistic regression analysis. Results: ① There were 8 (38.1%) patients discontinued anti-platelet therapy in a month by themselves in VLST group and 5 (13.2%) in Control group, P=0.03. ② 13 (61.9%) patients presented as ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in VLST group, while all (100%) patients presented as Non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NST-ACS) in Control group, P<0.001. ③ The age, gender, previous histories of hypertension, diabetes, MI, smoking and interventional therapy were similar between 2 groups, P>0.05. ④ Compared with Control group, VLST group had decreased LVEF, P=0.001, increased peak values of TnI and NT-pro BNP, elevated WBC and hs-CRP, all P<0.001. ⑤ The index of echocardiography, blood lipid profiles, glucose and creatinine were similar between 2 groups, P>0.05. ⑥ Logistic regression analysis showed that discontinued anti-platelet therapy, elevated NT-pro BNP and hs-CRP were the independent risk factors for VLST occurrence, P<0.05. Conclusion: VLST may have life-threatening clinical features, insisted anti-platelet therapy and improved cardiac function could reduce VLST occurrence.

Objective To predict the monthly reported echinococcosis cases in China with the autoregressive integrated mov-ing average(ARIMA)model,so as to provide a reference for prevention and control of echinococcosis. Methods SPSS 24.0 software was used to construct the ARIMA models based on the monthly reported echinococcosis cases of time series from 2007 to 2015 and 2007 to 2014,respectively,and the accuracies of the two ARIMA models were compared. Results The model based on the data of the monthly reported cases of echinococcosis in China from 2007 to 2015 was ARIMA(1,0,0)(1,1, 0)12,the relative error among reported cases and predicted cases was-13.97%,AR(1)=0.367(t=3.816,P<0.001),SAR (1)=-0.328(t=-3.361,P=0.001),and Ljung-Box Q=14.119(df=16,P=0.590).The model based on the data of the monthly reported cases of echinococcosis in China from 2007 to 2014 was ARIMA(1,0,0)(1,0,1)12,the relative error among reported cases and predicted cases was 0.56%,AR(1)=0.413(t=4.244,P<0.001),SAR(1)=0.809(t=9.584, P<0.001),SMA(1)=0.356(t=2.278,P=0.025),and Ljung-Box Q=18.924(df=15,P=0.217).Conclusions The different time series may have different ARIMA models as for the same infectious diseases.It is needed to be further verified that the more data are accumulated,the shorter time of predication is,and the smaller the average of the relative error is.The estab-lishment and prediction of an ARIMA model is a dynamic process that needs to be adjusted and optimized continuously accord-ing to the accumulated data,meantime,we should give full consideration to the intensity of the work related to infectious diseas-es reported(such as disease census and special investigation).