Ten glycosidic compounds were isolated from an ethanol extract of Machilus wangchiana by a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 and reversed-phase flash chromatography and HPLC. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic data analysis (IR, MS, and NMR) as icariside B1 (1), boscialin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), pisumionoside (3), isolariciresinol-9'-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (4), 5'-methoxyisolariciresinol-9'-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (5), lyoniresinol-9'-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (6), (E) -4-hydroxyphenylprop-7-ene 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), (E) - 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylprop-7-ene 4-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranoside (8), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylprop-8-ene 4-O-β-D-xylopyraosyl-(1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranoside (9), and 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenylprop-8-ene 4-O-α-L-rhamnpyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-β-D- glucopyranoside (10), respectively.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Lauraceae ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Obesity is an established risk factor for endometrial cancer. Leptin, a secreted protein of the ob gene by white adipose tissue, plays an important role in the regulation of food intake and energy consumption in the brain and acts as a potential growth stimulator in normal and neoplastic cancer cells. However, a direct role for leptin in endometrial cancer has not been demonstrated. In the present study, the effect of leptin on the proliferation of Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells was investigated as well as the possible mechanism(s) underlying this action in endometrial cancers which express both short and long isoforms of leptin receptors. The expression of leptin receptor (ObRb) in Ishikawa cells was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The cells after serum starvation, were treated by leptin with various concentrations (0, 10, 50, 100, 150 ng/mL) for different durations (6, 12, 24 h). The effect of leptin treatment on cell proliferation was examined by MTT assay. Meanwhile, inhibitory effect of Janus tyrosine kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor AG490 or extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) inhibitor PD98059 on the proliferation of Ishikawa cells induced by leptin was also studied. Ishikawa cells were treated with 100 ng/mL leptin for various periods (0, 20, 40, 60 min), and the levels of STAT3 phosphorylation and ERK1/2 phosphorylation were examined by Western blotting. The results showed that leptin induced the phosphorylation of STAT3 and the activation of ERK1/2 in a time- and dose-dependent manner in the Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells. Blocking STAT3 phosphorylation with the inhibitor AG490, or blocking ERK1/2 activation by the specific ERK1/2 kinase inhibitor, PD98059, abolished leptin-induced proliferation of Ishikawa cells. In addition, leptin was found to potently induce the invasion of endometrial cancer cells in a Matrigel invasion assay. Leptin-stimulated invasion was effectively blocked by pharmacological inhibitors of STAT3 (AG490) and ERK1/2 kinase (PD98059). These results suggested that leptin promotes endometrial cancer growth and invasiveness by activating STAT3 and ERK1/2 signaling pathways and therefore blocking its action at the receptor level can be a rational therapeutic strategy.

Objective To investigate the clinical value for treatment of diabetic foot with PTA and PTA combined cinepazide maleate.Methods In 24 cases of diabetic associated vascular disease of lower limb,12 cases were treated with PTA and other 12 cases were treated with PTA combined einepazide maleate,We analysed and compared clinical effects before and after the procedure,together with 3 months follow up.Results In patients treated with PTA,the clinical symptom scores of posttreatment and follow-up decreased;ABI and TcPO_2 increased significantly.The clinical symptom score and ABI of follow-up remained,stable,but TcPO_2 decreased significantly.Control angiography showed improvement in degree of vascular stenosis and peripheral staining of 11 patients after treatment.The vascular patency remained in 12 patients and the peripheral staining decreased in 7 patients on follow-up.In patients treated with VIA combined cinepazide maleate,the clinical symptom score,ABI and TcPO_2 after treatment and on follow-up showed no signifcant changes compared with those in patients treated by PTA.F,Control angiography showed that the degree of vascular stenosis and peripheral staining were improved in 12 patients after treatment.The vascular pateney was maintained and peripheral staining was improved on follow-up.Before and after treatment,there were no significant differences in clinical symptom score.ABI and TcPO_2 between patients treated with PTA and PTA combined cinepazide maleate,however,there were significant differences in clinical symptom score and TcPO_2 on follow-up.Conclusion PTA can significantly improve clinical symptom of diabetic foot and the application of cinepazide maleate is a benefitial and necessary supplement.PTA combined cinepazide maleate can be taken as one of the conventional treatment plans for diabetic foot.(J Intervent Radiol,2007,16:811-815)

Objective:To observe the efficacy of traditional Qigong exercise combined with Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)manipulations in treating lower cervical disc herniation(CDH).Methods:A total of 120 CDH patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,with 60 cases in each group.Patients in both groups were given the same Tuina manipulations.In addition,patients in the observation group practiced traditional Qigong exercise,and those in the control group did conventional neck exercise.After 8 weeks of treatment,the efficacy of the two groups was observed.Follow-up was conducted 3 months after the end of the treatment to record any recurrence.Results:The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The improvement in symptom scores was more significant in the observation group than in the control group(P＜0.05).There was inter-group statistical significance in comparing the cross-sectional area and fatty infiltration of certain cervical muscles(P＜0.05).In addition,the recurrence rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:On the basis of the same Tuina manipulation treatment,the efficacy of traditional Qigong exercise in treating CDH is superior to that of conventional neck exercise,with more significant improvements in pain and quality of life and a lower recurrence rate.

OBJECTIVETo observe clinical curative effect of cake-separated moxibustion on impaired glucose regulation (IGR) and explore its action mechanism.

METHODSSixty cases were randomly divided into a simple lifestyle intervention group (control group) and a cake-separated moxibustion combined with lifestyle intervention group (observation group), 30 cases in each one. The control group was treated with lifestyle intervention. Based on lifestyle intervention, cake-separated moxibustion at Pishu (BL 20), Weishu (BL 21) and Yishu (EX-B 3) was applied to the observation group. Fast plasma glucose (FPG), two hours plasma glucose after oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT2hPG), fasting insulin (FINS), homa insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), blood lipid, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were observed in the two groups before and after treatment.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the OGTT2hPG and FPG were both decreased significantly (both P<0.05) in the two groups, compared between the two groups, the differences of FPG [(0.41 +/- 0.42) mmol/L vs (0.05 +/- 0.08)mmol/L] and OGTT2hPG [(0.85 +/- 0.53)mmol/L vs (0.17 +/- 0.19)mmol/L] were both statistically significant. There were no significant changes in FINS, HOMA-IR, blood lipid, BMI and WC in the control group before and after treatment (all P>0.05), but FINS, HOMA-IR levels, triglycerides (TG), total cholest-erol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), BMI and WC in the observation group were decreased obviously after treatment (all P<0.05), which had statistical differences between the two groups (all P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe cake-separated moxibustion combined with lifestyle intervention can obviously control blood glucose levels, improve insulin resistance and blood lipid levels, decrease BMI and WC.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Glucose Intolerance ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Insulin ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Waist Circumference

Objective To evaluated the clinical significance of embolization of arterio-portal venous shunt (APVS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with main portal vein tumor thrombus (MPVTT) treated by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and portal vein stenting. Methods Twenty-six HCC patients with MPVTT and marked APVS, who were treated with TACE and portal vein stenting, were enrolled in this study. Portal vein stenting was performed via percutaneous transhepatic approach, which was followed by the embolization of the feeding arteries of APVS by using suitable embolic agents. The portal vein pressure levels were separately measured before, after portal vein stenting and after APVS embolization. The results were statistically analyzed. Results Both the portal vein stenting and APVS embolization were successfully accomplished in all the 26 patients. Hepatic angiography and portal venography performed before portal vein stenting revealed bidirectional portal flow in 16 cases and hepatofugal portal flow in 10 cases. Among the 16 patients with bidirectional portal flow, remarkable improvement of portal vein to liver blood flow after portal vein stenting was seen in 14, and obvious recovery of main portal vein to liver blood flow after APVS embolization in 2. Obvious recovery of main portal vein to liver blood flow after APVS embolization was also demonstrated in 10 cases with hepatofugal portal flow. The portal vein pressure determined before, after portal vein stenting and after APVS embolization was (50.1±6.3) cmH2O,(43.5± 7.5) cmH2O and (36.9 ±8.2) cmH2O respectively. After portal vein stenting the portal vein pressure was significantly decreased when compared with the preoperative pressure, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); after APVS embolization the portal vein pressure was further decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion For HCC patients with MPVTT and marked APVS, portal vein stenting can effectively restore the portal blood flow and reduce the portal vein pressure; and embolization of APVS can further reduce the pressure of portal vein, thus the bidirectional portal flow or hepatofugal portal flow will return to normal hepatopetal flow.

Objective To discuss the technical skill of super-selective catheterization for “one-way valve occlusion” of the common hepatic artery during transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods A total of 128 patients with “one-way valve occlusion”of the common hepatic artery were enrolled in this study, who were admitted to authors’ department to receive TACE during the period from 2000 to 2011. The lesions included hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 110), cholangiocellular carcinoma (n = 3) and hepatic metastasis (n=15). “One-way valve occlusion”of the common hepatic artery occurred in 90 patients (70.3%, 90/128) after 2-5 times of TACE had been carried out, and in the other 38 patients (29.7%, 39/128) the “one- way valve occlusion” of the common hepatic artery was recognized at the initial TACE procedure. Super-selective hepatic catheterization was performed via the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) approach or celiac artery (CA) approach using coaxial micro-catheter catheterization technique. The success rate and fluoroscopy time of super-selective catheterization were recorded, and the results were compared between the two approaches. Results A total of 337 times of hepatic super-selection catheterization were performed in 128 patients, with a mean of 2.6 times for each case. The success rate was 100%. Of the 337 procedures, the catheterization was via CA approach in 148 (43.9%, 148/337) and via SMA approach in 189 (56.1%, 189/337). The mean fluoroscopy time in CA approach group was 3.2 minutes(ranged 1-6 minutes), and in SMA group was 15.3 minutes(ranged 5-40 minutes). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Super- selective hepatic catheterization for “one-way valve occlusion” of the common hepatic artery can be achieved through SMA approach or CA approach by using coaxial micro-catheter catheterization. Compared with SMA approach, the technique of hepatic catheterization through CA approach is much simpler and the fluoroscopy time is significantly shorter.

Objective:To establish a human lung squamous carcinoma cell line and to study its biological characteristics. Methods:Lung squamous carcinoma specimens were freshly resected during operation;the tissues were incubated in vitro and the cell line was named CHLH-1.The biological characteristics of the cells were studied by light microscopy,electron microsco- py,chromosome analysis and transplantation experiment.Results:Cells from the specimens of the primary tumor,the CHLC- 1 cell line and the cells from transplanted tumor possessed the characteristics of malignant squamous epithelium under light and electron microscope.The cell growth curve,doubling time and mitotic index were also observed in vitro.Nuclear chromosome analysis revealed that the tumor was a subtriploid with a mode of 60-68 per cell.Tumor nodes were observed under the skin of nude mice by heterogenic transplantation.Conclusion:The characteristics of the established cell line suggest that it is a newly established human squamous carcinoma cell line.

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation of low-dose radiation with endoplasmic reticulum stress and the activation of the PERK-CHOP signaling pathway in mouse testicular cells.

METHODSHealthy Kunming mice were randomly assigned to time-effect (0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h of irradiation at 75 mGy) and dose-effect (12 h of irradiation at 0, 50, 75, 100 and 200 mGy) groups. The contents of H202 and MDA were measured by colorimetry with the agent kits, the expressions of GRP78, PERK and CHOP mRNA detected by quantitative RT-PCR, and the levels of GRP7B, PERK, phosphorylated PERK (pho-PERK) and CHOP proteins determined by Western blotting and image analysis.

RESULTSAfter whole-body irradiation of the mice with 75 mGy, the content of H2 02 in the testis tissue was increased with time prolongation, while that of MDA decreased slightly at 3 and 6 h and then increased with the lengthening of time, both increased significantly at 12 and 24 h as compared with those at 0 h (P < 0. 05, P < 0. 01). Apart from reduced levels of GRP78 mRNA at 3 and 24 h and GRP78 protein at 6 h after irradiation, significant increases were found in the mRNA expressions of GRP78 at 12 h, PERK at 3,6, 12 and 24 hand CHOP at 12 and 24 h (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), as well as in the protein levels of GRP78 at 12 and 24 h, pho-PERK at 3, 12 and 24 h and CHOP at 3, 6, 12 and 24 h in comparison with those at 0 h (P < 0. 05, P < 0. 01). No obvious regularity was observed in the change of the PERK protein expression. After 12 h of whole-body irradiation, the content of H202 was increased at 50, 75 and 100 mGy, but decreased slightly at 200 mGy, while that of MDA was increased with dose increasing, with significant increases in the content of H2 02 at 75 and 100 mCy and in that of MDA at 75, 100 and 200 mGy as compared with the 0 mGy group. Apart from the reduced levels of GRP78 mRNA at 50 and 200 mCy, significant increases were found in the mRNA expressions of PERK at 75, 100 and 200 mGy and CHOP at 50, 75, 100 and 200 (P c 0. 05, P < 0.01) as well as in the protein levels of GRP78 at 100 and 200 mGy, pho-PERK at 50, 100 and 200 mGy and CHOP at 50, 75, 100 and 200 mCy as compared with those at 0 mGy (P < 0. 05, P < 0. 01). There were differences in the changes of different protein expressions, but no obvious regularity was seen in the change of the PERK protein expression.

CONCLUSIONLow-dose radiation can induce endoplasmic reticulum stress in mouse testicular cells, and activate the PERK-CHOP signaling pathway.

Animals ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; radiation effects ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Signal Transduction ; radiation effects ; Testis ; cytology ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Transcription Factor CHOP ; metabolism ; Whole-Body Irradiation ; eIF-2 Kinase ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effect of Jiawei Naotaifang on neuronal apoptosis and the mechanism in ovariectomized rats with cerebral ischemia. Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats(n=40)were randomly divided into sham group(n=10),model group(n=10),es-trogen group(n=10)and Jiawei Naotaifang group(n=10).The model group,estrogen group and Jiawei Naotai-fang group were ovariectomized.Eleven days after ovariectomy,the estrogen group and Jiawei Naotaifang group were given estrogen and Jiawei Naotaifang respectively intragastrically for three days.14 days after ovariecto-my,the model group,estrogen group and Jiawei Naotaifang group were modeled cerebral ischemia with Langa's method.24 hours after modeling,the apoptosis rate of neurons was detected with TUNEL,and the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2)and c-Jun N-terminal kinase(p-JNK)in hippocampus were de-tected with Western blotting. Results Compared with the model group, the apoptosis rates decreased in Jiawei Naotaifang group and the estrogen group(P<0.001),with more activation of ERK1/2(P<0.01)and less activation of JNK(P<0.01). Conclusion Jiawei Naotaifang can protect neuron from apoptosis by promoting the activation of ERK1/2 and inhibiting the activation of p-JNK.