Objective To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Danshen Chuanxiongqin Injection (DCI) in the treatment of angina pectoris. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding DCI in the treatment of angina pectoris were searched in CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Database, CBM, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library by Feb. 2014. Two researchers independently retrieved the RCTs and extracted the information. The Cochrane risk of bias method was used to assess the quality of the included studies, and a meta-analysis was conducted with Review Manager 5.2 software. Results A total of 12 RCTs with 1145 participants were included. The meta-analysis indicated that the combined use of DCI and conventional treatment with western medicine was more effective in the outcomes of the total clinical effective rate [RR=1.27, 95%CI (1.19,1.35), P<0.000 01], the total effective rate of ECG [RR=1.34, 95%CI (1.23,1.46), P<0.000 01], and decrease of plasma viscosity [MD=-0.15, 95%CI (-0.25,-0.05), P=0.004] and fibrinogen [MD=-0.96, 95%CI (-1.14,-0.78), P<0.000 01]. And there were no adverse drug reaction reports. Conclusion Based on this systematic evaluation, DCI combined with conventional therapy is effective and relatively safe in treating angina pectoris, but it still needs larger samples, multi-center, and high quality RCT to verify.

Objective To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Fufang-Danshen Injection (FD) in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris(UAP). Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs regarding FD in the treatment of UAP were collected through comprehensive searches of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journals Database(VIP), Wan fang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM), PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library from January 1979 to December 2013. Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of the included studies by the Cochrane risk of bias, and extracted the information from the included studies. Meta-analysis was conducted with the software Review Manager 5.2. Results A total of 13 studies with 1156 participants were included. In the meta-analysis, ①the total effective rate of UAP:in term of FD+conventional therapy with western medicine(WM)vsWM, the difference between two groups was statistically significant [RR=1.32, 95%CI(1.21, 1.43), P<0.01]; FD+low molecular weight heparin+WM vs WM, difference between two groups was also statistically significant [RR=1.29, 95% CI(1.17, 1.42), P<0.01], which indicated that the efficacy of experimental group was higher than the control group. Other interventions, such as FD+WM vs low molecular weight heparin+WM and FD vs WM, there was no significant difference between two groups. ②the total effective rate of ECG:in term of FD+WM vs WM, the difference between two groups was statistically significant [RR=1.34, 95%CI (1.14, 1.57), P<0.01]; in term of FD vs WM, difference between two groups was statistically significant [RR=1.49, 95%CI(1.13, 1.96), P<0.01], which indicated that experimental group can effectively improve the total effective rate of ECG. ③ frequency of angina attacks:in term of FD+WM vs WM, the difference between two groups was statistically significant [MD=1.07, 95%CI(0.48, 1.66), P<0.01]. No differences between groups existed in other analysis. ④ adverse drug reactions(ADRs):4 articles cleared that there was no ADRs in the studies, 4 studies reported ADRs, which represented headache, nausea, flushing and so on. There were 9 cases in the experimental group, and 9 in control group. Conclusion Based on the meta-analysis, FD was effective and relatively safe for the treatment of UAP in clinical. However, since the articles enrolled in the study were not in high quality, more qualified studies should be conducted for the further assessment of efficacy and safety of FD for UAP.

Objective: To construct subtracted cDNA libraries of stomach tumors and normal stomach tissue using suppression subtractive hybridization(SSH).Methods: cDNA Library subtraction was performed using the protocol described in the Clontech PCR-Select cDNA Subtraction Kit. cDNA was synthesized from 2 μg of poly A+RNA from the tumor and normal tissues using AMV reverse transcriptase. The tester and driver cDNAs were digested with RsaⅠ, a four-base-cutting restriction enzyme that yields blunt ends. The tester cDNA was then subdivided into two portions, and each was ligated with different cDNA adaptor. Two hybridizations were performed. In the first, an excess of driver was added to each sample of tester. Hybridization kinetics led to equalization and enrichment of differentially expressed sequences. During the second hybridization, the two primary hybridization samples were mixed together without denaturing and thus the templates were generated from differentially expressed sequences for PCR amplification. Using suppression PCR, only differentially expressed sequences were amplified exponentially and after second PCR amplification the background was reduced and differentially expressed sequences were further enriched. The cDNAs were then directly inserted into a T/A cloning vector to generate a stomach tumor-specific subtracted cDNA library. Results: The amplified library contained 800 positive clones. Plasmid inserts were PCR amplified and showed 250－700 bp inserts. Conclusions: The successfully constructed subtracted cDNA library of gastrocarcinoma and normal tissue enables us to compare two populations of mRNA and obtain clones of genes that expressed in one population but not in the other.The characterization of these genes will allow them to be exploited for their diagnostic and therapeutic potentials.

Objective To investigate the role of Glial cells missing 2 (Gcm2) in pathogenesis of hypoparathyroidism by knocking out Gcm2 gene in adult mice.Methods Tamoxifen was used to induce conditional knock-out of Gcm2 gene in Gcm2E2fl/flCre-ER mice.Genotypes of knock-out mice were identified by PCR.The protein expression level of Gcm2 was measured by Western blotting.The serum calcium and phosphorus were detected by the calcium and phosphorus assay kits, and the serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) level was detected by ELISA.Parathyroid cell proliferation was tested by Ki-67 immunohistochemical assay.The mRNA expression levels of PTH and calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) were detected by Real-time PCR.Bone mineral density was detected by micro CT.Results Gcm2 gene of parathyroid was confirmed to be knocked out by PCR.Compared with wild type and solvent control groups, Gcm2 knock-out group showed markedly lower protein expression of Gcm2, notably higher serum phosphorus and lower serum calcium and PTH concentrations (all P<0.01).The proliferation of parathyroid cells in Gcm2 knock-out mice were significantly higher(both P<0.01).The mRNA levels of PTH and CaSR in parathyroid gland of the knock-out group were significantly reduced (all P<0.01).Bone mineral density was significantly higher in Gcm2 knock-out group (all P<0.01).Conclusion Knockout of Gcm2 can lead to hypoparathyroidism in adult mice, indicating that Gcm2 is probably a therapeutic target for hypoparathyroidism.

Objective To explore the medication rules of state medical master Yan Zhenghua from the prescriptions. Methods After analyzed by the statistical report module and the data analysis module, the method of data-mining that including association rules and apriori algorithm was used to analyze the frequency of Poria and drug combination, the association rules between drugs and core drug combinations in Pro. Yan’s prescriptions via a database based on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) inheritance assist system. Results The prescriptions containing Poria were commonly used to treat vertigo, stomachache, diarrhea and other syndromes. The highest frequently used drugs were Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Parched Semen Ziziphi Spinosae, and Caulis Polygoni Multiflori. The most frequently used drug combinations were “Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Poria”, “Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Poria”, and“Poria, Parched Semen Ziziphi Spinosae”. The drug association rules that the confidence coefficient was more than 0.9 were “Carina→Oyster”, “Poria, Carina→Oyster”,“Oyster, Caulis Polygoni Multiflori→Carina”, and“Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae→Poria”. Conclusion The drugs in the prescriptions containing Poria that built by Pro. Yan mostly had the effects of regulating the flow of qi, relieving uneasiness of body and mind, and cooling the blood, which reflected the clearly thought when Pro. Yan made the prescriptions.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) induced by Chinese herbal injection for tonify, and provide reference for safety evaluation and rational use. Methods The ADR cases that issued on the domestic medicinal periodicals from 1972 to 2011 in China were collected comprehensively to build a database, and analyzed by statistic methods. Results Totally 233 ADR cases involving 7 different kinds of Chinese herbal injection for tonify were collected, in which 86 cases weighted the most were related to Huangqi Injection. Chinese herbal injection for tonify may induce multiple systematic ADRs. The incidence of respiratory damage was 27.0%(80 cases), which was dominated in the ADRs. The incidence of ADRs had no difference between the genders (male was 117 cases, 50.2%, and female was 116 cases, 49.8%), and the average age of patients was (51.40±16.67) years old. ADRs often occurred within half an hour after the start of infusion (64.5%). The diseases of patients mostly were cancer (19.3%), coronary heart disease (15.9%), and hypertension (6.0%), etc. Only 76 cases mentioned the combination therapy, which mainly combined with the drugs of antibiotics, other traditional Chinese medicines and vitamin. Conclusion ADRs of Chinese herbal injection for tonify are always induced by drug combinations, inappropriate medication, and other factors. To use Chinese herbal injection more rational and enhance prevention awareness may be the key to reduce the occurrence of ADRs.

The prescriptions containing pericarpium citri reticulatae that built by Professor. Yan were collected to build a database based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) inheritance assist system. After analyzed by data mining, such as apriori algorithm, the frequency of single medicine, the frequency of drug combination, the association rules between drugs and core drug combinations can be get from the database. Through the analysis of 1 027 prescriptions with pericarpium citri reticulatae, these prescriptions were commonly used to treat stomach aches, cough and other syndromes. The most frequency drug combinations were "Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium-Poria", "Paeoniae Radix Rubra-Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium" and so on. The drug association rules that the confidence was 1 were "Glycyrrhizae Radix ex Rhizoma --> Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium", "Paeoniae Alba Radix-Cyperi Rhizoma --> Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium", "Poria --> Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium", and so on. The drugs in the prescriptions containing pericarpium citri reticulatae that built by Professor Yan mostly had the effects of regulating the flow of Qi and invigorate blood circulation, which reflected the clearly thought when making prescriptions.
Citrus ; chemistry ; Data Mining ; Drug Interactions ; Drug Prescriptions ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'

OBJECTIVETo observe the TCM therapy for invigorating Pi, soothing Gan, eliminating dampness and resolving blood stasis (TCM-T) on the short-term quality of life (stQOL) in patients with diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D).

METHODSOne hundred and twenty-five patients with IBS-D were assigned to 3 groups, Group A was treated with TCM-T; Group B treated with some selected Chinese patent drugs according to patients' syndrome types, such as Changweikang granule, Guben Yichang tablet, Bupi Yichang pill and Shenling Baizhu pill, Group C treated with Western medicines as Dicetel 50 mg, Oryzanol 10 mg, and Bifid triple viable 420 mg, 3 times daily by oral administration. The therapeutic course was 4 weeks for all. The stQOL was evaluated and compared by SF-36 scale before and after treatment.

RESULTSComparison between groups on the scores for the 8 dimensions of SF-36 scale, i.e., physiological function (PF), role physical (RP), body pain (BP), global health (GH), vitality (VT), society function (SF), emotional effect (RE), and mental health (MH), showed no significant difference before treatment, but scores of all the 8 dimensions were improved significantly in Group A after treatment (P < 0.05), with scores of SF, BP, GH and MH superior to those in Group B (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and scores of RP, GH, SF, RE, PF and MH superior to those in Group C (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTCM-T has favorable effect in treating IBS-D, it could improve the stQOL of patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Liver ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Mental Health ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Spleen ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

The prescriptions including Polygoni Multiflori Caulis that built by Pro. Yan were collected to build a database based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) inheritance assist system. The method of association rules with apriori algorithm was used to achieve frequency of single medicine, frequency of drug combinations, association rules between drugs and core drug combinations. The datamining results indicated that in the prescriptions that including Polygoni Multiflori Caulis, the highest frequency used drugs were parched Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, Ostreae Concha, Ossis Mastodi Fossilia, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma, Paeoniae Rubra Radix, and so on. The most frequent drug combinations were "Polygoni Multiflori Caulis-parched Ziziphi Spinosae Semen", "Ostreae Concha-Polygoni Multiflori Caulis", and "Polygoni Multiflori Caulis-Ossis Mastodi Fossilia". The drug association rules of confidence coefficient 1 were "Ostreae Concha-->Polygoni Multiflori Caulis", "Poria-->Polygoni Multiflori Caulis", "parched Ziziphi Spinosae Semen-->Polygoni Multiflori Caulis", and "Paeoniae Alba Radix-->Polygoni Multiflori Caulis". The core drug combinations in the treatment of insomnia were Ossis Mastodi Fossilia, Polygoni Multiflori Caulis, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Ostreae Concha, Polygalae Radix, Margaritifera Concha, Poria, and parched Ziziphi Spinosae Semen. And the core drug combinations in the treatment of obstruction of Qi in chest were Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma, Polygoni Multiflori Caulis, parched Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, Trichosanthis Fructus, Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus, and Paeoniae Rubra Radix.
Data Mining ; methods ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Polygonaceae ; chemistry ; Prescriptions

Autoimmune Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Child, Preschool ; Encephalitis ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; immunology