OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of fast track surgery on patients with gastric cancer in perioperative period.

METHODSNinety-two patients with gastric cancer undergone radical operations were randomly divided into two groups: fast track group (n=46, fast track surgery) and control group(n=46, traditional surgery). Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C reaction protein (CRP) in the 92 patients were assayed preoperatively and at day 1, 3, 7 postoperatively, and the resting energy expenditure (REE) was also measured by indirect calorimetry in the morning. The postoperative hospital stay, duration of fever, medical cost, postoperative time of flatus and postoperative complications were recorded and compared respectively.

RESULTSAt postoperative day 1 and 3, serum levels of TNF-alpha were (12.67+/-2.68) fmmol/L and (13.19+/-2.75) fmmol/L in fast track group, (14.74+/-3.18) fmmol/L and (15.56+/-2.99) fmmol/L in control group; serum levels of IL-6 were (112.52+/-24.73) ng/L and (129.03+/-22.75) ng/L in fast track group, (123.90+/-22.52) ng/L and (142.67+/-20.33) ng/L in control group. The levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha in fast track group were significantly lower than those in control group (all P<0.05). At postoperative day 1, 3 and 7, serum levels of CRP in fast track group were significantly lower than those in control group [d1(56.20+/-11.47) g/L vs (71.07+/-17.32) g/L, d3(136.09+/-19.78) g/L vs (157.78+/-28.18) g/L, d7 (48.53+/-12.95) g/L vs (64.72+/-19.73) g/L] (all P<0.05). At postoperative day 1 and day 3, the REE in fast track group were significantly lower those than in control group [d1(5713.96+/-619.44) kJ/d vs (6176.04+/-614.46) kJ/d, d3 (5298.49+/-639.36) kJ/d vs (5627.94+/-656.72) kJ/d] (all P<0.05). The postoperative duration of fever [2(2.0-3.0) d vs 4(2.8-4.0) d], postoperative time of flatus [3(2.0-4.0) d vs 4(3.8-5.0) d], postoperative hospital stay [6(6.0-7.0) d vs 8(7.0-8.3) d] and treatment expense [(27 201+/-3857) Chinese yuan vs (31 006+/-3555) Chinese yuan] in fast track group were also significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.01). There were no significant differences in complications between the two groups(P>0.05). The quality of life score on discharge in fast track group was significantly higher than that in control group (15.74+/-1.82 vs 14.67+/-1.27, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONFast track surgery can ameliorate stress reaction, decrease postoperative patients' REE during perioperative period and accelerate the rehabilitation of patients with gastric cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perioperative Care ; Rehabilitation ; methods ; Stomach Neoplasms ; rehabilitation ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of iron on the growth, physiology and photosynthesis of cyanobacteria.

METHODSA gradient of iron concentrations was employed to investigate the growth, photo-pigments (chlorophyll A and phycocyanin), and cell chemical contents (C, N, P) of Microcystis aeruginosa in response to different iron additions.

RESULTSThe specific growth rate during the exponential growth phase, as well as the cell chlorophyll A and the phycocyanin content, was limited by iron below 12.3 tmol Fe x L(-1). The growth was inhibited when the iron concentration was at 24.6 micromol Fe x L(-1). The cell chlorophyll A and the phycocyanin content were saturated when the iron concentration was above 12.3 micromol Fe x L(-1) and declined slightly at 24.6 micromol Fe x L(-1). At a low iron concentration (about 6.15 micromol Fe x L(-1) and less), the cell nitrogen and carbohydrate content were iron limited, and the variation of the cell phosphorus content was similar to that of the nitrogen and carbohydrate, with a transition point of 12.3 micromol Fe x L(-1).

CONCLUSIONThe variation of cynobacteria growth is synchronous with that of the photo-pigments or the cell chemical content, and there exist relationships among photosynthesis, growth and internal chemical content, which could be useful for the growth estimation from the cell characteristics.

Carbohydrates ; analysis ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Iron ; pharmacology ; Microcystis ; chemistry ; cytology ; drug effects ; physiology ; Nitrogen ; analysis ; Phosphorus ; analysis

Objective To evaluate the effect of tranexamic acid on the blood loss and coagulation function after liver resection in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods Seventy patients with hepatectomy who underwent liver resection were randomly divided into control group and treatment group,each group 35 cases.Control group was given 0.9％ NaCl injection 10 mg · kg-1.Treatment group was given tranexamic acid 10 mg · kg-1.Two groups were used at half an hour before operation.The surgical bleeding volume and postoperative coagulation function between two groups were compared.Results The operation time,time of hilar occlusion in treatment group were (157.98 ±22.36),(30.14 ±5.64) min,had no significant difference with those in control group,which were (154.98 ± 23.65),(28.79 ± 5.79) min (P ＞ 0.05).The surgical blood transfusion,bleeding volume,infusion of erythrocyte suspension in treatment group were (879.65 ± 59.36) mL,(768.97 ± 45.65) mL,(1.36 ± 0.59) U,had significant differences with those in control group,which were (1054.91 ±61.32) mL,(869.64 ±46.69) mL,(2.01 ±0.65) U (all P ＜0.05).The percentage of activated thromboplastin (APTT),prothrombin time (PT),platelet (PLT) in treatment group at 24 h after operation were (41.56 ±5.46)s,(13.48 ±3.16)s,(167.89 ±35.87) × 109/L,had no significant difference with those in control group,which were (43.19 ± 5.69) s,(14.59 ± 2.49) s,(162.35 ± 41.59) × 109/L (all P ＞0.05).The fibrinogen (FIB) in treatment group and control group were (3.27 ±0.56),(3.01 ±0.59)g · L-1,with significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).There was no adverse drug reactions in two groups during the treatment.Conclusion Giving methotrexate injection to hepatocarcinoma patients before liver resection can reduce the amount of surgical bleeding,and improve the patients' postoperative coagulation function.

Objective To develop a system to rescue virus by intracellular expression of T7 RNA Polymerase. Methods The gene of T7 RNA Polymerase was amplified and cloned to VR1012 by molecular biological technology. The expression plasmid VR-1a was then identified. VR-1a and EV71 infectious plasmid were co-transfected in Veto cell. CPE was observed and viral gene viral antigen were detected.Results The gene of T7 RNA Polymerase was successfully cloned into vector VR1012. Vere cell developed to CPE after being transfected VR-1a and EV71 infectious plasmid. EV71 gene was amplified by RT-PCR from the culture. EV71 antigen was also detected by ELISA. Conclusion The method can be used to rescue virus. It could apply to immunologic research of EV71 DNA vaccine.

OBJECTIVETo study the delayed effect on neuropsychopathy and its related factors after acute organophosphorus pesticides poisoning (AOPP).

METHODSTwo hundred and fifty-seven cases of AOPP in the observation period were chosen to follow-up 2 months later from the 4 county hospitals in Shandong Province where the incidence of organophosphorus pesticide poisoning is high.

RESULTSNine cases of organophosphate induced delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDP) were found and the incidence rate was 3.5%. The occurrence of OPIDP were related to the need for emergent artificial respiration, and the degree of poisoning, and the kinds of organophosphorus pesticides (Ops). The positive rate of symptoms of peripheral nerves, central nerves and psychogeny except auditory and visual hallucination after poisoning was significantly higher than that before (P < 0.05). The patient's situation of health, economy and work became statistically worse (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONWe found some had delayed effects on neuropsychopathy after AOPP which could debase the patient's life quality. The control measure should be administered as early as possible.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; etiology ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Young Adult

Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations and imaging characteristics of pulmonary and extra pulmonary paragonimiasis westermani. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed of 30 patients diagnosed by clinical features, laboratory serological tests and surgical pathology. Results The symptoms of the lung included mainly chest distress, fever, chest pain, cough and expectoration, and dyspnea. The extra pulmonary symptoms included abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, poor appetite, emaciation, both lower extremities asthenia, headache, dizziness, epileptic seizures, and subcutaneous migratory masses. The laboratory examination showed that the eosinophil numbers of serum and pleural effusion of all the thirty patients were increased, and the eggs of Paragonimus westermani were found by the stool tests in four cases. The chest CT tests found abnormal nodules, ground glass changes, insect damages, pleural effusion, "tunnel" signs, and "halo" signs. Cranial CT and MRI showed intracranial hemorrhage foci, and extensive "finger-like" edema. Abdominal CT showed serpentine deformation and “tunnel” signs in the hepatic and spleen capsules. Conclusions Paragonimiasis westermani is a multiple organ system involved infection, and it has complex and varied clinical manifestations. The "tunnel" sign and serpentine deformations in the intracranial part, lung, liver and spleen are important imaging manifestations of the disease.

BACKGROUND: According to the amyloid, tau, neurodegeneration research framework classification, amyloid and tau positive (A+T+) mild cognitive impairment (MCI) individuals are defined as prodromal Alzheimer disease. This study was designed to compare the clinical and biomarker features between A+T+MCI individuals who progressed to progressive MCI (pMCI) and those who remained stable MCI (sMCI), and to identify relevant baseline clinical biomarker and features that could be used to predict progression to dementia within 2 years. METHODS: We stratified 197 A+T+MCI individuals into pMCI (n = 64) and sMCI (n = 133) over 2 years. Demographics and cognitive assessment scores, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and neuroimaging biomarkers (18F-florbetapir positron emission tomography mean standardized uptake value ratios [SUVR] and structural magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) were compared between pMCI and sMCI at baseline, 12- and 24-month follow-up. Logistic regression models then were used to evaluate clinical baseline and biomarker features that predicted dementia progression in A+T+MCI. RESULTS: pMCI individuals had higher mean 18F-florbetapir SUVR, CSF total-tau (t-tau), and p-tau181P than those in sMCI individuals. pMCI individuals performed poorer in cognitive assessments, both global and domain specific (memory, executive, language, attention, and visuospatial skills) than sMCI. At baseline, there were significant differences in regions of interest of structural MRI between the two groups, including bilateral amygdala, hippocampus and entorhinal, bilateral inferior lateral ventricle, left superior and middle temporal, left posterior and caudal anterior cingulate (P < 0.05). Baseline CSF t-tau levels and cognitive scores of Montreal cognitive assessment, functional assessment questionnaire, and everyday cognition by the patient's study partner language domain could predict progression to dementia in A+T+MCI within 2 years. CONCLUSIONS In future clinical trials, specific CSF and cognitive measures that predict dementia progression in A+T+MCI might be useful risk factors for assessing the risk of dementia progression.
Alzheimer Disease ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Biomarkers ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Peptide Fragments ; Positron-Emission Tomography

OBJECTIVETo investigate the hematopoietic reconstitution in immunodeficiency NPG(TM) mice after transplantation of G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood CD34(+) hemopoietic stem cells.

METHODSCD34(+) cells were isolated from peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS), and then were transplanted into NPG(TM) mice irradiated with sublethal dose of X ray by marrow cavity transplantation. The hemogram of mice after transplantation for 2, 4 weeks was observed; human cell populations (CD45(+), CD19(+)) in the peripheral blood of mice were dynamically analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM) at 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks after transplantation. Until the planned harvest at the 12 week after transplantation, the CD45(+), CD19(+) level in bone marrow, liver, spleen from each mouse were detected by flow cytometry; the expression of human Alu gene in the bone marrow cell of mouse was detected by PCR.

RESULTSThe purity of CD34(+) cells accounted for 96.3%; after irradiation, the nucleated cells and megalokaryocytes in the marrow cavity of NPG mice were reduced significantly or were lost, and reached the myeloablative effect. At week 4 after transplantation, components of blood cells in peripheral blood of transplanted mice were recovered to the level before irradiation; all the mice survived, human CD45(+), CD19(+) cells were found by FCM in the peripheral blood of all the surviving mice in transplantation group at week 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 after the transplantation; at the 12th week, the human Alu gene could be detected in the bone marrow of all the mice in transplantation group.

CONCLUSIONThe human-mouse chimeric model is successfully established in irradiation-induced NPG mouse by transplantation of CD34(+) HSC from G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood via marrow cavity.

Animals ; Bone Marrow ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Spleen

BACKGROUNDEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) commonly infects the general population and has been associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), which has a high incidence in certain regions. This study aimed to address how EBV variations contribute to the risk of NPC.

METHODSUsing logistic regression analysis and based on the sequence variations at EBV-encoded RPMS1, a multi-stage association study was conducted to identify EBV variations associated with NPC risk. A protein degradation assay was performed to characterize the functional relevance of the RPMS1 variations.

RESULTSBased on EBV-encoded RPMS1 variations, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the EBV genome (locus 155391: G>A, named G155391A) was associated with NPC in 157 cases and 319 healthy controls from an NPC endemic region in South China [P < 0.001, odds ratio (OR) = 4.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.71-7.37]. The results were further validated in three independent cohorts from the NPC endemic region (P < 0.001, OR = 5.20, 95% CI 3.18-8.50 in 168 cases vs. 241 controls, and P < 0.001, OR = 5.27, 95% CI 4.06-6.85 in 726 cases vs. 880 controls) and a non-endemic region (P < 0.001, OR = 7.52, 95% CI 3.69-15.32 in 58 cases vs. 612 controls). The combined analysis in 1109 cases and 2052 controls revealed that the SNP G155391A was strongly associated with NPC (P(combined) < 0.001, OR = 5.27, 95% CI 4.31-6.44). Moreover, the frequency of the SNP G155391A was associated with NPC incidence but was not associated with the incidences of other EBV-related malignancies. Furthermore, the protein degradation assay showed that this SNP decreased the degradation of the oncogenic RPMS1 protein.

CONCLUSIONSOur study identified an EBV variation specifically and significantly associated with a high risk of NPC. These findings provide insights into the pathogenesis of NPC and strategies for prevention.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; complications ; epidemiology ; virology ; Female ; Genetic Association Studies ; Genome, Viral ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; virology ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; Pilot Projects ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Assessment ; methods ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Viral Proteins ; genetics