ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy about the different wearing manner with Milwaukee and Boston for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).MethodsRetrospectively summarization and analysis was performed in 85 adolescent patients with idiopathic scoliosis who were treated from February 2004 to March 2009.The skeletal growth of them had not completed.There were 57 cases who received brace treatment.In them,28 were treated with (CTLSO) Milwaukee brace,and the rest were treated with (TLSO) Boston brace and orthopedic gymnastics.The 30 cases wear regularly used for 21 to 23hours per day,and 27 cases could consist on wearing only 6 to 15 hours per day.The other 28 cases of 85AIS cases were only treated with orthopedic gymnastics instead of orthosis treatment.All patients were periodically observed with lateral side (X)-ray photograph at standing position and photograph,and Cobb angle and Risser sign were measured every 3 to 6 months.Since 2008 all adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients treated with orthosis were requested to fill with simplified Chinese SRS-22.Results73 cases adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients were followed up for 2 ～5 years [ mean(26.3 ± 33.7)months ].Milwaukee orthosis group showed the regular wearing group had 91.67 ％ ( 11/12) effective rate and the intermittent wearing group had 56.25％ (9/16) effective rate and the group without wearing orthosis only had 20％ (4/20)effective rate.The group regularly wearing Milwaukee brace had superior effect than the other two groups (P ＜ 0.05 ).Boston orthosis group showed the regular wearing group had 88.89％ (16/18) effective rate and the intermittent wearing group had 54.55％ (6/11 ) effective rate and the group without wearing brace with 25％ (2/8) effective rate.The group regularly wearing Boston brace had better effect than the other two groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Due to the different choice of AIS patients and orthosis,the effective rate of the Milwaukee and Boston orthosis was not compared.ConclusionsThe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients should insist on regularly wearing brace regardless of the Milwaukee or Boston orthosis ( this article suggest that the wearing time should not less than 21 ～ 23 h/d).The group regularly wearing with the Milwaukee or Boston orthosis had better effect than the intermittent group or the group without wearing brace.It's a good treatment for the AIS patients who have with the indication of orthosis treatment.

0.05). Conclusions Biopsy for the malignant melanoma in female genital tract has high misdiagnosis rate. Immunohistochemistry assay could improve diagnosis markedly.The FIGO staging system fails to predict the prognosis accurately.Surgery plays an important role in treatment,while the adjuvant chemotherapy could improve survival effectively.

Objective To further understand the diagnosis,clinical features and prognosis of myeloid neoplasms with erythroblast more than 50％ of bone marrow(BM) nucleated cells in the WHO Classification(2016) by analyzing the clinical data,diagnosis and prognosis of 3 patients with myeloid leukemia.Methods The ages,medical histories,symptoms and signs,and laboratory examinations from 3 patients with myeloid neoplasms whose erythroblast cells were more than 50％ of BM nucleated cells when newly diagnosed were collected.Then,they were diagnosed with the WHO Classification criteria(2008) and the WHO Classification criteria(2016),respectively,and their prognosis was evaluated with the revised International Prognostic Scoring System(IPSS-R).Results According to the WHO Classification criteria(2008),all of 3 patients were diagnosed as acute erythroid leukemia(AEL).However,according to the WHO Classification criteria(2016),2 patients were diagnosed as myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts-2(MDS-EB-2),and 1 was diagnosed as acute myeloid leukemia(AML) with maturation.Moreover,their prognostic scores were also different.The former two patients were older men with significant dysplasia and complex genetic abnormalities,and had poor prognosis,while the latter was a middle-aged woman with no obvious dysplasia and genetic abnormalities,and had medium prognosis.Conclusion The WHO Classification(2016) is more reasonable than the WHO Classification(2008),which tends to focus more on the different biological characteristics of diseases,and may better distinguish two types of diseases with different clinical features and prognosis.

To establish a LC-MS/MS method to determine the concentrations of liquiritin, glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetinic acid, amygdalin, amygdalin prunasin, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine and methylephedrine of Maxing Shigan decoction in rat plasma, and study the differences on their pharmacokinetic process in normal rats and RSV pneumonia model rats. After normal rats and RSV pneumonia model rats were orally administered with Maxing Shigan decoction, the blood was collected from retinal vein plexus of different time points. Specifically, tetrahydropalmatine was taken as internal standard for determining ephedrine, while chloramphenicol was taken as internal standard for determining other components. After plasma samples were pre-treated as the above, the supernatant was dried with nitrogen blowing concentrator and then redissolved with methylalcohol. The chromatography was eluted with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid solution in a gradient manner. ESI sources were adopted to scan ingredients in ephedra in a positive ion scanning mode and other ingredientsin a negative ion scanning mode. The multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) method was developed the plasma concentration of each active component. The pharmacokinetic parameters of each group were calculated by using Win-Nonlin 4.1 software and put into the statistical analysis. The result showed the plasma concentration of the eight active ingredients, i.e., liquiritin, glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetinic acid, amygdalin, amygdalin prunasin, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine and methylephedrine within the ranges of 1.04-1040, 1.04-1040, 0.89-445, 1.05-4200, 1.25-2490, 0.3-480, 0.3-480, 0.3-480 microg x L(-1), with a good linearity and satisfactory precision, recovery and stability in the above ingredients. After modeling, except for glycyrrhetinic acid whose pharmacokinetic parameters were lacked due to the data missing, all of the rest components showed significant higher Cmax, AUC(0-1) and lower clearance rate (CL) than that of the normal group, indicating the increase in absorption in rats in the pathological state by reducing the clearance rate. The method is accurate and sensitive and so can be used to determine the plasma concentrations of the eight active ingredients in Maxing Shigan decoction. RSV pneumonia-infected rats absorbed more ingredients in Maxing Shigan decoction.
Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Pneumonia, Viral ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Abdominal Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Ki-1 Antigen ; metabolism ; Leukocytosis ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; metabolism ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To study the STR genetic structure of an Ewenki Ethnic minority Group of Inner Mongolia, and analyze the genetic relationship among Ewenki and other 14 groups. METHODS: Genetic distribution for 9 STR loci (D3S1358, vWA, FGA, TH01, TPOX, CSF1PO, D5S818, D13S317, and D7S820) were determined based on gene scan marked by fluorescence. Principle component analysis was performed using SPSS. RESULTS: Sixty-four alleles and 158 genotypes were observed in 90 unrelated Ewenki individuals. The corresponding gene frequency and genotype frequency was 0.0056 to 0.4722 and 0.0111 to 0.3, respectively. The expected and observed genotype frequency of the 9 STR loci were in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05). The principle component analysis showed that Ewenki clustered with groups of Mongolian and Tujue language branch. CONCLUSION Nine of the STR genetic structure of an Ewenki Ethnic minority Group of Inner Mongolia were obtained. Those ethnic groups in subfamilies of Altaic language family clustered as their geographical location and those with close genetic relationships use similar language.
Alleles ; China ; ethnology ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Principal Component Analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)of Chinese Nu ethnic population from Yunnan region of China and to provide basic database for ethnic origin investigation and forensic purpose.

METHODSGenomic DNA from the whole blood of 87 unrelated individuals was extracted by standard chelex-100. The sequence polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-based assay and using ABI 3730 Analyzer to detect many number of relatively common point mutations.

RESULTSSixty-two SNP loci were observed among them with 492 point mutations and 59 haploids identified in mitochondrial DNA hypervariable region I (mtDNA HVSI). The gene diversity was estimated to be 0.9675,and the random match probability was calculated to be 0.0437.

CONCLUSIONThe result suggests that mtDNA HVSISNP database of Nu ethnic population can be a useful tool for forensic identity and original research.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; China ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Databases, Genetic ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Forensic Genetics ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

AIMTo analyse the impurities of gatifloxacin.

METHODSThe impurity of gatifloxacin were analysized and determinated by RP-HPLC/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry with a Zorbax SB-C18(4.6 mm x 150 mm ID, 5 microns). The mobile phase was 3% acetic acid/acetonitrile-3% acetic acid/water (15:85). The two compounds were synthesized: 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1, 4-dihydro-8-methoxy-7-(1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (DMP) and 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1, 4-dihydro-8-hydro-7-(3-methy-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (DMO). Their liquid chromatogram, UV, MS were compared with those of the impurity of gatifloxacin.

RESULTSThe mass of the impurity was 14 less than that of gatifloxacin. It means the impurity was CH2 less than gatifloxacin. The tR (HPLC), UV and MS of DMP were the same as those of the impurity of gatifloxacin.

CONCLUSIONBased on the tR (HPLC), UV and MS, the impurity of gatifloxacin is confirmed as DMP.

Anti-Infective Agents ; analysis ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drug Contamination ; Fluoroquinolones ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

OBJECTIVETo investigate the alleles and genotype frequency of 8 short tandem repeat (STR) loci (DXS6804, DXS8378, DXS7132, DXS7133, DXS6789, DXS101, HPRTB and DXS7423) on the X chromosome in Luoba ethnic group of China.

METHODSThe eight X chromosome STR (X-STR) loci were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by polyacylamide gel electrophoresis and silver stain.

RESULTSAmong 96 unrelated Luoba individuals, the numbers of alleles in the 8 X-STR loci (DXS7133, DXS6789, DXS6804, DXS8378, DXS101, DXS7424, DXS7132 and HPRTB) were 5, 8, 7, 5, 8, 8, 8 and 5, respectively. The genotype frequencies in females were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

CONCLUSIONThe eight X-STR loci are appropriate for individual identification, paternity testing involving a female child and studies on related diseases.

China ; Chromosomes, Human, X ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo prepare a new Wubei fast-release tablet and study the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of self-prepared Wubei fast-release tablet and Wubei powder in Beagle dogs.

METHODWubei fast-release tablet was prepared with direct powder compression. Six Beagle dogs were randomly devided into two groups. They were orally administered with Wubei fast-release tablet and Wubei powder, respectively. Peimine concentrations in human plasma were determined by HPLC-MS/MS after administration. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 2.0 using a non-compartmental analysis. The bioequivalence of fast-release tablet and powder was evaluated.

RESULTThe main pharmacokinetic parameters of peimine in Wubei fast-release tablet as follows: Cmax (7.4 +/- 2.3) microg x L(-1), AUC(0-t) (59.13 +/- 15.25) microg x L(-1) x h(-1), Tmax (1.5 +/- 0.0) h. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of peimine in Wubei powder as follows: Cmax (8.0 +/- 1.7) microg x L(-1), AUC(0-t) (68.78 +/- 16.27) microg x L(-1) x h(-1), Tmax (1.5 +/- 0.0) h. The 90% confidence interval of InAUC(0-t), and lnCmax of peimine in Wubei fast-release tablet were 95.4% - 104.6%, 90.9% - 109.1% of corresponding parameters of Wubei powder, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe self-prepared Wubei fast-release tablet and Wubei powder were bioequivalent. And the self-prepared Wubei fast-release tablet had simple production process, easy administration.

Animals ; Dogs ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drug Stability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Female ; Humans ; Sodium Bicarbonate ; chemistry ; Tablets ; Therapeutic Equivalency