Neovascular glaucoma ( NVG ) is a kind of intractable eye disease with complex etiology, strong destruction and poor effect on treatment. Extensive retinal ischemia and hypoxia is the main etiology, and the key of treatment is early diagnosis, active prevention and taking effective measures to prevent the production of vascular endothelial growth factor. According to the related literature over recent years, the authors will discuss pros and cons for medical, surgical and combined treatment in this review.

Objective To explore the efficacy of transvaginal color Doppler sonography(TV-CDS)in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of cornual pregnancy.Methods The characteristics of gray-scale and color Doppler ultrasonography of 30 patients with cornual pregnancy confirmed by surgery and pathology,were studied retrospectively.The position,size,figure,echogenicity and vascular pattern of the pregnancy tissue were evaluated,and the resistance index was calculated.Results The 30 patients were classified into two groups:group A with typical gestational sac and group B with abnormal mass in the area of corner.The overall diagnostic accuracy for these patients was 43.3%(13/3)and classified as 90%(9/10)accuracy for group A and 20%(4/20)for group B.Among the 17 patients who were misdiagnosed or diagnosed unclearly by TV-CDS,one patient in group A was misdiagnosed as a normal pregnancy,11 patients in group B were misdiagnosed as gestational trophoblastic disease and the rest 5 patients in group B were diagnosed unclearly.Conclusions TV-CDS is useful for differential diagnosis of cornual pregnancy.The cornual pregnancy with abnormal mass is usually misdiagnosed,and therefore clinical features and laboratory data should be fully evaluated for its diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between damages of visual field and retinal nerve fibre layer(RNFL)thickness in primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)with high myopia.Design Retrospective,case-controlled study.Participants POAG group with high myopia(21 eyes of 17 cases),POAG group with non-high myopia(17 eyes of 16 cases),high myopia group without POAG(25 eyes of 20 cases)and normal control group(19 eyes of 17 cases).Methods The static central visual fields were tested with Humphrey 750 automated perimetry and thickness of RNFL was measured with optical coherent tomography(OCT).Main Outcome Measures Mean deviation(MD),pattern standard deviation(PSD)and mean sensitivity at upper,lower,nasal and temporal quadrants in total deviation probability plots.Thickness of RNFL at upper,lower,nasal and temporal quadrants.Results There were more obvious general depression of sensitivity in total deviation probability plots of the early POAG with high myopia than those of POAG without high myopia,and the early visual field defects of glaucoma in pattern deviation probability plots of this group.MD of POAG with high myopia was more than those of others(P＜0.05).The differences of MD,PSD and mean sensitivity between POAG with high myopia and others were significant(P＜0.05).Mean sensitivities in each quadrant of POAG without high myopia were similar to those of high myopia(P＞0.05).The thickness of RNFL of POAG with high myopia was thinner than those of others and the thickness of RNFL of normality was thicker than that of others.The correlationship between mean sensitivity and the thickness of RNFL in each quadrant was significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Pattern deviation probability plots is an important favor for judgement of the visual field changes in POAG with high myopia.The relationship between RNFL thickness with OCT and visual field damage may provide clinically relevant information in diagnosis of POAG with high myopia

Objective:To observe the clinical effect and adverse reaction of capecitabine as first-line monotherapy in elderly patients with stage Ⅱa breast cancer.Methods:From June 2002 to June 2005,71 elderly patients with stage Ⅱa breast cancer received chemotherapy(different scheme:capecitabine group and CEF group) after operation.The efficacies and adverse reactions were evaluated and compared between the two groups.Results:The 3-year and 5-year survival rates of patients in capecitabine group were 97.06% and 94.12%,respectively; the relapse rate was 5.88%; all were comparable to those of CEF group. One of the advantages of capecitabine was its oral administration. The adverse effect of capecitabine was mainly hand-foot syndrome,with an incidence of 82.35%,but was tolerable. The gastrointestinal reaction and bone marrow repression in capecitabine group were significantly lower than those in the CEF group(P

Objective:To investigate the expression and correlation of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) and c-erbB-2 in human breast cancer.Methods: The expressions of COX-2 and c-erbB-2 in 48 breast cancer patients with breast cancer were detected with immunohistochemistry examination and was analyzed.The relationship between their expression and the clinicopathologic characters of breast cancer was also analyzed.Results: The positive rate of COX-2 was 60.4%(29/48) in these patients;the expression was higher in patients with tumor size larger than 2 cm,lymph node metastasis,and negative expression of ER or PR,but was not related with the ages,the pathologic types and the TNM stages.Expression of c-erbB-2 was identified in(39.6%)(19/48) of these patients;the expression was significantly higher in patients with lymph node metastasis or negative expression of ER and PR,but was not related with the ages,the sizes and the pathologic types.COX-2 was positive in 84.2%(16/19) of patients positive of c-erbB-2 and in 44.8%(13/29) of patients negative of c-erbB-2,with significant difference found between the 2 figures(P=0.006).Conclusion: The high expression of COX-2 in breast cancer is related to the expression of c-erbB-2,suggesting that they may regulate each other and jointly contribute to the tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer.

Fatal Outcome ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Leukemia ; blood ; congenital ; diagnosis ; Leukocyte Count ; Male

In order to establish a method for the determination of the sterols of the oil in the freeze-dried acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) and to evaluate its antioxidant activities, a saponification/extraction procedure and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis method were developed and validated for the analysis of phytosterols in PEE (Petroleum ether extract). Separation was achieved on a Purosper STAR LP C18 column with a binary, gradient solvent system of acetonitrile and isopropanol. Evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) was used to quantify β-sitosterol and the total sterols. Peak identification was verified by retention times and spikes with external standards. Standard curves were constructed (r = 0.999 2) to allow for sample quantification. Recovery of the saponification and extraction was demonstrated via analysis of spiked samples. The highest content of total sterols is β-sitosterol. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated using the total oxyradical scavenging capacity assay (TOSC assay). The result showed that the PEE exhibited significant antioxidant properties, sample concentration and the antioxidant capacity had a certain relevance.
Antioxidants ; analysis ; Arecaceae ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Phytosterols ; analysis ; Sitosterols ; analysis

The surface morphology and histogenesis of small intestine of human embryos (from 6 to 36 weeks) were studied by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. The results indicated that some low prominences began to form at 6 weeks of gestation and then transformed to round tuberculum, after that to polygonal column. The finger-like intestinal villi were formed finally at the end of 3 months. There was a apparent proximodistal gradient of the morphological maturation of villi and the histogenesis of intestine from duodenum, jejunum to ileum. Splitted and branched villi were found. From 18 weeks onward, the respective characteristics of villi in the three segments of small intestine appeared. Neutral mucus and sialomucus were mainly secreted by the goblet cells, while sulphomucus was secreted by the goblet cells of ileum during the late gestation. By 6-12 weeks the microvilli of duodenum were shorter than that of jejunum and ileum but they increased in height to 1.4?m at 18 weeks. The height of microvill at jejunum and ileum were 0.8-1.0?m from 14 weeks to 32 weeks. Tufts of thick and long microvilli among short microvilli were found. The formation of villi, secretion of goblet cells and microvilli was discussed.

Aged ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Fungal ; complications ; Silicosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; complications

Objective To evaluate the biological safety of 125I-filled carbon nanotubes covered with metallic esophageal stent with regard to the normal esophagus before clinical application.Methods 125I-filled carbon nanotubes covered with metallic esophageal stent was prepared.Eighteen of New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups with 6 rabbits in each group.Three groups of stents,non-radioactive,low radio-activity ( 3.7 - 5.6 MBq),and high activity ( 11.1 - 13.0 MBq ) were placed in the midpiece of esophagus of rabbits.Esophagus opacification and three-diamensions DSA were performed at 0.5 h,7,14 and 30 d after insertion of the stents,respectively.The rabbits were killed at 30d after insertion of the stents,and histologic examinations of the esophageal walls were performed.Results In non-radioactive and low activity groups,1 of 6 rabbits died of wound infection at 1 and 3 d after surgery due to pulmonary infection,respectively.All specimens were obtained from 16 rabbits.Microscopically,in all rabbits of low activity and high activity groups,there were membrana mucosa necrotic and swell and breakage of the muscle fiber in esophageal submucosa and muscularis,submucosal inflammation,which were more severe in high activity group.In low activity group,one esophagus ectal membrane was involved,however,esophageal perforation did not develop.In high activity group,3 of 6rabbits esophageal perforation had developed,in which one esophagus mediastinum fistula developed,without inflammation.In non-radioactive group,it was almost normal in mucosa layer,a small amount of inflammatory cells were found in submucosal layer,and part of muscle fibers was fractured and no pathological changes of necrosis was found.Conclusions Radioactive 125I carbon nanotubes covered metallic stent with low activity(3.7 -5.6 MBq) can be used as intraluminal palliative brachytherapy,which is safe and effective.