OBJECTIVE:To provide practical ideas and methods for facilitating the entry of traditional Chinese medicine into the international markets.METHODS:The favorable conditions and unfavorable factors for the traditional Chinese medicine entering into the international markets were studied extensively and thoroughly and contrasted analytically.RE?SULTS&CONCLUSION:Management on production and quality of the traditional Chinese medicine should be strengthened in China;laws and regulations on traditional Chinese medicine products of each country should be studied with great attention.Considering the condition and characteristics of our products,our country should find a suitable location in the international market and shoot the arrow at the target.The concerned parties should concentrate on the research and development of tra?ditional Chinese medicine and facilitate the entry of which into the international market by drawing assistance from the spreading of traditional Chinese medicine.

Anemia ; classification ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Research

Bone Diseases ; chemically induced ; epidemiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; Fluoride Poisoning ; epidemiology ; etiology ; genetics ; Fluorosis, Dental ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Humans ; Prevalence

Humans ; Tinnitus ; diagnosis ; therapy

Agriculture ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; Occupational Health ; Risk Factors

China ; epidemiology ; Disease Management ; Hepatitis ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Humans

The function of the nervous system is largely determined by the communication between neurons and glial cells.The interaction of complex signaling pathways between neurons and glial cells involves in a variety of signaling molecules.Purines and the purinergic receptors play a crucial role in the process of the interaction.For a long time, the study on the central nervous system is mainly focused on neurons, while glial cells are mainly used as support cells or in response to brain injury to provide a guiding role.The latest research shows that glial cells play an important role in the occurrence and development of nervous system diseases.We will summarize the function of purinergic receptors in the interaction of neurons and glial cells and in neurological diseases.

The robust nuclear-cytoplasmic transport is vital for eukaryotes'life cycle.Not only proteins and RNAs are transferred to their destination by this system, the important cellular activities such as mitosis are also regulated by the transport pathways via adjusting the local concentrations of some critical cargoes.tRNA is one of the most important biomacromolecules in the cell, synthesized in nucleus, and taking part in protein synthesis in cytoplasm.It is a long-held belief that tRNA functions only as a key player in protein synthesis, and tRNA nuclear-cytoplasmic transport is a unidirectional movement from nucleus to cytoplasm.However, the recent discoveries are overturning the traditional opinions.Nuclear-born tRNA can be exported out of nucleus, while cytoplasmic-residing tRNA can also be retrogradely transport into nucleus.The new concept tRNA nuclear-cytoplasmic dynamics was coined in 2008 to describe the tRNA communication between nucleus and cytoplasm, which was found able to regulate protein synthesis and cell cycle in S.cerevisiae.The latest results in this field are going to change the landscape of eukaryotic tRNA biology.

Objective To investigate the effect of Skp2 gene silencing on the proliferation and apoptosis of SPC-A-1 lung cancer cells .Methods Specific small hairpin RNA (shRNA ) targeting Skp2 gene was introduced into lung cancer cells by Lipo-fectamine 2000 and the positive clones were screened by G418 .The Skp2 mRNA and protein expression level of lung cancer cells were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot .M TT method and flow cytometry (FCM ) analysis were used to observe the effect of RNAi on proliferation of lung cancer cells .Cell apoptosis was analyzed by FCM .Results Transfected with Skp2 shRNA expression vector significantly reduced the expression of Skp2 protein in lung cancer cells .Inhibition efficiency was respectively (75 .3 ± 5 .1) , (70 .4 ± 3 .2) .P27 protein expression was increased significantly in lung cancer cells .The growth of lung cancer cells transfected with Skp2 shRNA was blocked ,with Gl phase cells increased and S phase cells decreased .The apoptosis rate of cancer cells was higher in Skp2 shRNA groups than in control groups .Apoptosis rates were (17 .5 ± 2 .8)% ,(15 .6 ± 3 .1)% in Skp2 shRNA groups .Conclusion Specific inhibition of the expression of Skp2 can slow down the growth of lung cancer cells ,increase cell apop-tosis .