The clinical data was collected from 26 orthodontics patients at our hospital .All of them received straight wire appliance .The observed teeth were randomly classified into experiment and comparison groups.After the mounting of orthodontic bracket , Duraphat was smeared on the surface of maxillary central incisor, maxillary lateral incisor, maxillary canine, maxillary first premolar and maxillary first premolar in the experiment group while no Duraphat was applied in the comparison group .After wearing orthodontic appliance for 1, 3, 6 and 9 months, enamel demineralization of each tooth was observed .And the enamel decalcification index ( EDI ) of different areas of each tooth at different timepoints was recorded .More demineralization areas existed in the comparison group than the experiment group (P<0.01).In addition, no Ⅲ degree enamel demineralization was observed in the experiment group after Duraphat applying for 1 month.EDI were 0.20, 0.24, 0.21 and 0.16 in the experiment group after Duraphat applying for 1, 3, 6 and 9 months versus 0.37, 0.44, 0.44 and 0.34 in the comparison group during the same time periods.Therefore EDI and demineralization areas were significantly smaller in the experiment group than those in the comparison group (P<0.01).

Objective To analyze the expression of BDNF, NGF,GFAP in Wistar rat pretectel area and determine the relation between neuron damage and neurotrophin change of pretectal area and retinal neurodegeneration in the early stage of diabetes. Methods Male Wistar rats weighing about 200 g were used to create diabetic animal model by injecting STZ. Wistar rats were killed by heart perfusion with 4% FDP at 1-week, 2-week and 1-month after diabetes. The dissected pretectal area was used to determine the expression of BDNF, NGF and GFAP with immunohistochemistry. Results In pretectal area of diabetic rat, the expression of BDNF and NGF began to decrease from 1-week DM, the expression of GFAP began to increase from 2-week DM. Conclusions There are neuron damage and neurotrophin decrease in the pretectal area in the early stage of diabetes. Neurodegeneration and neurotrophin decrease in pretectal area, which is the target tissue of retina, might be one of the reasons resulting in retinal neurodegeneration at the early stage of diabetes.

Survivin is a recently identified member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family which is a multifunctional protein with inhibition of apoptosis and regulation of cell division, and other functions. It is highly expressed in transformed cell lines and in a large number of malignancies, but undetectable in terminally differentiated adult tissues. Survivin play an important role in tumorigenesis of lung cancer. On the basis of these findings, Survivin will be of great interest as both a diagnostic tumor marker and as a potential suitable target for anti-lung cancer therapies.

RNA interference (RNAi) refers to homologous complementary messenger RNA (rnRNA)degradation induced specifically by double stranded RNA (dsRNA),which actually leads to gene silencing phenomenon.The application of RNAi technique in liver cancer gene therapy has got continual development along with deeply studying of RNAi,and showed its tremendous advantages,which are reviewed in this article.

Objective To analyze clinical and pathological characteristics of ocular malignant melanoma.Methods The tumor tissue specimens of 40 ocular malignant melanoma patients were given HMB-45,S-100 monoclonal antibody HE and immunohistochemical staining,and the general information of patients,tumor location,histologic type and prognosis were also analyzed.Results In the 40 patients,25 cases occurred in the uvea,ocular surface tissue in 8 cases,orbital secondary tumors in 4 cases,2 cases of eyelid,lacrimal sac in 1 case.Pathological typing:shuttle A cell type in 13 cases,B 12 cases,spindle cell type mixed cell type in 10 cases,epithelial cell type in 2 cases,3 cases of other types.In 40 patients with S-100 showed strong positive.HMB-45 was strongly positive in 20 cases,moderate positive in 18 cases,weakly positive in 2 cases.All patients were followed up for 2 years,the pathological type of diffusion or rewarming rate:shuttle A cell type 7.7％(1/13),shuttle B cell type 0.0％,mixed cell type 10％(1/10),epithelial cells of type 50％(1/2),other types 33.3％(1/3),other types and epithelial type tumor proliferation rate or relapse rate were significantly higher than other pathological types(x2=12.46,P＜0.05).＜50 years age group 28 cases,aged 50 years in 12 cases,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(x2=12.80,P＜0.05);male 22 cases,female 18 cases,the difference was not statistically significant(x2=0.80,P＞0.05).Conclusion ocular malignant melanoma occurred in uveal and ocular surface tissue,spindle cell type is the most common,other types and epithelial cell type melanomas diffusion rate or a high recurrence rate,the disease with high degree of malignancy,should pay attention to its early diagnosis and treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To promote the implementation of Prescription Administrative Policy(on trial).METHODS:The factors related to implementation of Prescription Administrative Policy(on trial)were analyzed,These included legal awareness of medical staff,the professional quality of pharmacists,deficiencies of electric prescription system,validity of prescribing right,and lack of standardization in drug names.RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS:Successful implementation of Prescription Admin?istrative Policy(on trial)is based on cooperation of relevant offices,consistent perfection of implementing regulations,and ed?ucational reform of pharmacy.

Antitubercular Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Humans ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant ; drug therapy ; microbiology

Objective The current study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of taxol plus fluorouracil(TF)chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer.Methods 55 patients with ad- vanced gastric cancer were treated with TF schedule.A treatment cycle lasted 21 days.The efficacy was eval- uated after 2～3 cycles of the chemotherapy.Results These 55 patients were evaluated the efficacy and the toxicity.The total efficiency rate of TF schedule was 45.45 %.Clinical Benefit Response(CBR)were evaluated in 35 patients.Ache remission rate was 86.6 %.The main side effect of toxicity was neutropenia.The total re- sponse neutropenia is 56.4 %.The aboveⅢstage was 10.9 %.The rate of nausea and vomiting was 43.6 %. Conclusion The combination of taxol and fluorouracil is a high response protocol with mild toxicity.TF schedule has high efficiency for advanced gastric cancer,especially for the patients who had had chemothera- py with fluorouracil.

Objective: To investigate the effects of different magnetic simulations on cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and cell differentiation of human fetal neural stem cell in vitro. Methods: Isolated neural stem cells were exposed to magnetic stimulation (with a frequency of 0.5 Hz, a wave wide of 72 μs and an intensity of 1.44 Tesla) once daily for 3 days. The cells were divided into three groups according to the pulses of magnetic stimulation each time: A group (thirty pulses each time), B group (sixty pulses each time), C group (ninety pulses each time) and D group (control group). MTT assay was applied to detect the proliferation activity of the neural stem cells, and flow cytometry was employed to detect the effect of magnetic stimulation on cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and cell differentiation. Results: The D values of neural stem cells in A, B, and C groups were significantly higher than those in the control group 24 to 48 hours after stimulation(P<0.05), indicating a slightly promoted proliferation of neural stem cells after magnetic stimulation. The proportions of G0/G1 phase cells of A, B, and C groups were less than those of the control group, and the proportion of G2/M-phase cells was higher than that of the control group. The proportions of β-tuberlin positive neurons in A, B, and C groups were higher than those in the control group as demonstrated by flow cytometry, and the proportion of neurons increased from 21.70% to 34.17% (P<0.05). Conclusion: Under proper condition, magnetic simulation can slightly promote cell proliferation and can induce neural stem cell differentiation into neurons in vitro, which may benefit neural function reconstruction.

BACKGROUND:Double inferior vena cava (DIVC), usually found at routine autopsies, is rare in the clinic. It has been described in numerous reports over the years since Adachi first depicted it in 1940. But all these reports were based on two-dimensional (2D) observation, and no three-dimensional and animated images reported. OBJECTIVE: To observe and establish the digital visible models of the structure of DIVC of the Virtual Chinese Human Male (VCH-M) Ⅲ.DESIGN: Repetitive measurement design by taking VCH-M Ⅲ as the subjects.SETTING : Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Anatomy, Nanfang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in Southern Medical University from February 2006 to May 2006. The cross-sectional images of fresh tissues from VCH-M Ⅲ dataset were reviewed and 1 060 serially-sectioned slices of VCH-M Ⅲ, from the 2 600th slice to the 3 660th were taken as the source for the 3D models in our study.METHODS: Cross-sectional images of fresh tissues from the VCH-M Ⅲ dataset were reviewed and the structures of the DIVC were confirmed on a section-by-section basis. 3D computerized reconstructions of DIVC and its adjacent structures were generated from these data using Arnira 3.1 (TGS) imaging software.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cross-sectional images and 3D reconstruction of VCH-M Ⅲ.RESULTS: The cross-sectional images of the VGH-M Ⅲ could fairly display the main structure of DIVC. The digitized model of brachial plexus offers unique insights into the abnormity anatomy of DIVC.CONCLUSION: The VCH-M Ⅲ dataset can provide complete and accurate data of DIVC.