Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of vision loss in diabetic patients.It is very important to correctly select a treating approach for DME.At present,the treating methods of DME include retinal laser photocoagulation,application of the glucocorticoid,intravitreous injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs,administration of inhibitor of protein kinase C,vitrectomy and combined treatment etc.However,each method has its advantage and disadvantage.Retinal photocoagulation,vitrectomy,intravitreous injection and drug delivery system implantation are invasive treatment methods,and they can not rescue damaged retinal photoreceptors.Therefore,it is recommended that DME should be early diagnosed and effective treatment.The research status at home and abroad and future development trends of DME treatment were summarized.

Altitude Sickness ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis ; Reference Standards

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of hand-assisted laparoscopic one-stage operation for colorectal cancer with single hepatic metastasis.Methods The clinical data of 6 patients of colorectal cancer with single hepatic metastasis treated with hand-assisted laparoscopic one-stage operation between Aug 2009 and Mar 2010 were analyzed retrospectively.Result Procedures were completed successfully in all cases and there was no conversion to open surgery.The mean operation time was (183 ±45) min,the mean blood loss in operation was (165 ±70) ml,the mean time to intestinal function recovery was (69.4 ± 10.5) h,and the average length of stay was (9.5 ±3.2) d.There was no major intraoperative or postoperative complications.All the patients received chemotherapy and up to 30 months follow-up found good condition in all but one dying of widespread intraabdominal tumor metastasis.Conclusions Handassisted laparoscopic one-stage operation for colorectal cancer with hepatic metastasis is feasible and safe.

Objective To investigate the changs of serum and urine vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome(SSNS) at their active and remission stage.Methods Serum and morning urine levels of VEGF were assayed by Liquichip in 30 patients with SSNS at the active and remission stage and 30 normal age-and sex-matched controls.Results Serum levels of VEGF in patients at the active stage [(186.62?106.21) ng/L] were significantly higher those that at the remission stage [(118.75?73.08) ng/L] and than those in control group [(108.64?54.75) ng/L](P0.05).Morning urine levels of VEGF in patients at the active stage [(201.66?100.46) ng/L] were significantly higher than those at the remission stage [(116.35?55.99) ng/L] and than those in control group [(99.94?42.07) ng/L](P0.05).Conclusions Serum and morning urine levels of VEGF are significantly elevated in patients with SSNS,however they are significantly lower after the treatment of steroid.There is no obvious difference between the patients at the remission stage and healthy controls.VEGF involves pathogenetically and physiologically in SSNS during its onset and growth.

Animals ; Cytokines ; blood ; Humans ; Peripheral Vascular Diseases ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Rabbits ; Vibration ; adverse effects

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of nickel-titanium(Ni-Ti) shape memory alloy embracing internal fixer on oblique or spiral fracture.Methods23 cases with spiral or oblique fracture accepted internal fixation with Ni-Ti shape memory alloy embracing.The time of bone healing,articular function,the appearance and function of the wound extremity were evaluated after 9～34 months follow-up.ResultsAll fractures healed in 4～16 weeks after operation.None infection,nonunion,embracing emersion or break had been found. The fine rate was 91.3%.ConclusionThe effect of Ni-Ti shape memory alloy embracing internal fixer on long spiral or long oblique fracture is satisfactory.

Adult ; Biopsy ; methods ; Bronchoscopy ; Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; diagnosis ; pathology

Anxiety Disorders ; etiology ; therapy ; Breast Neoplasms ; complications ; therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Qi

Objective To investigate the feasibility and value of combined administration of rapamycin and low dose of cyclosporin A in kidney transplantation recipients. Methods Twenty-five recipients who received their kidney transplantations for 2 months to 10 years were transferred to a new immunosuppression regimen of combined administration of rapamycin,low dose of cyclosporin A and prednisone. During the clinical observation,the average serum trough level of cyclosporin A was maintained between 0.042 and 0.083 μmol/L,and the average serum trough level of rapamycin was controled to 4～8 μg/L. Meanwhile, the dosage of immunosuppressive drugs was adjusted properly according to the white blood cells counting,liver function,blood lipid level and clinical settings.Twenty-five kidney transplant recipients with usual immunosuppression regimen of cyclosporin A in combination with MMF and prednisone served as controls. Results Druing a follow-up period of 2 to 8 months,no acute rejection events were found in this group. All the recipients survived well with functional renal grafts. Two patients in the experimental group quitted during the follow-up. One was incurred to serious pulmonary infection diagnosed as cytomegalovirus infection,and another was sufferred from persistent unknown fever. Other main adverse effects included leucopenia, hyperlipemia and dental ulcer,similarly as control group. No significant abnormal liver function event was found in this group. Conclusions This new immunosuppression regimen of combined administration of rapamycin,low dose cyclosporin A and prednisone in kidney transplantation recipients could avoid or diminish the adverse and toxic effects of calcineurin inhibitors,mainlain well-functional allografts and not increase the incidence of severe untoward reactions. Meanwhile,the costs for taking medicine were also significantly reduced with this regimen. Therefore,it would be an ideal and optimal immunosuppressive maintainence regimen.