Neovascular glaucoma ( NVG ) is a kind of intractable eye disease with complex etiology, strong destruction and poor effect on treatment. Extensive retinal ischemia and hypoxia is the main etiology, and the key of treatment is early diagnosis, active prevention and taking effective measures to prevent the production of vascular endothelial growth factor. According to the related literature over recent years, the authors will discuss pros and cons for medical, surgical and combined treatment in this review.

Drinking ; physiology ; Humans

Objective To design and manufacture a hypobaric cabin simulator for experimental animals.Methods The simulator was composed of a fully transparent working chamber,an electrical chamber,a pressure control component and a program control component,which had its body made of polymethyl methacrylate plastics,the hatch made of metal plate and support by reinforced metal bar.The air inside chamber was exhausted by the diaphragm vacuum pump,the air inflow was controlled by proportional valve,and the inner pressure and the speed of rise and decline were exactly controlled by the balance of inflow and exhaust.Results The new type of hypobaric cabin simulator had the characteristics of accurate pressure control,low fluctuation range and controllable up and down time,low noise as well as adaptable air exchange rate.Conclusion The new type of hypobaric cabin simulator matches the national standard for experimental animals,and can be used in making the animal model of high altitude diseases.

Aim To investigate the effects of antioxidant probucol on vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) apoptosis induced by H2O2.Methods H2O2 (1 mmol?L-1) was used to induce VSMCs apoptosis.The VSMCs were treated with probucol(100,10,1 ?mol?L-1) for 6 hours.For the evaluation of apoptosis,Annexin V-FITC staining,Hoechest33258 staining and the TUNEL assay were used.The expressions of ASK-1 and Trx-1 were detected by Western blot analysis.Results H2O2 could promote the apoptosis of VSMCs,increase the expression of ASK-1 and decrease the expression of Trx-1.Probucol could attenuate the apoptosis induced by H2O2 in a dose-dependent,down-regulate ASK-1 expression and increase Trx-1 expression.Conclusion Probucol can antagonize the apoptosis of VSMCs induced by H2O2.The mechanism may be correlated with a decreased expression of ASK-1 and an increased expression of Trx-1.

Adolescent ; Fetus ; parasitology ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Teratoma ; parasitology ; pathology

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (non-M3 type) in children suffering from different levels of platelet count(PLT).Methods:In the Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2014 to December 2018, laboratory and clinical data of 247 de novo primary AML pediatric patients were retrospectively reviewed.According to the PLT before treatment, patients were divided into very low platelet group (VLG), low platelet group (LG) and non-lowing platelet group (NLG), with<50×10 9/L, ≥50×10 9/L but <125×10 9/L and ≥125×10 9/L as the boundaries.All patients were followed up until June 30, 2019.Meanwhile, the follow-up data was obtained by consulting medical records or by telephone.SPSS 17.0 software was applied for data analysis. Results:In general clinical features, a different group of hemoglobin (Hb) content, fusion gene AML- ETO and clinical risk stratification were statistically significant in different PLT groups ( χ2=11.270, 12.115 and 12.848, respectively, all P<0.05). However, the differences of other indicators in different groups of PLT were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in terms of 3-year disease-free survival(DFS) rate (59.3%, 36.3%, 50.4%) among the 3 groups (all P>0.05). The median total survival(OS)time(40.5 months)and 3-year OS rate(41.0%) of NLG patients were significantly higher than those of VLG(23.1 months, 30.1%)and LG(14.1 months, 18.2%)patients, with statistically significant differences( χ2=7.798 and 6.553, respectively, all P<0.05). The univariate analysis of gender, white blood cell(WBC), Hb, PLT, lactic dehydrogenase(LDH), FLT3-ITD, NPM1, DNMT3A, CEPBA, C-KIT, AML-ETO, molecular genetic prognosis, complete remission(CR), and hemopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT) displayed that DNMT3A mutation was an adverse factor that affects patients′ OS ( χ2 =5.834, P<0.05), and the positive factors that influences OS were non-reducing PLT before treatment, and obtaining CR and subsequent HSCT ( χ2=7.798, 79.168, and 31.337, respectively, all P<0.05). Multi-factor analysis revealed that the independent protective factors that affect patients′ OS were the non-reducing PLT before treatment, and obtaining CR and subsequent HSCT( Wald=42.760, 15.918, and 10.183, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Before treatment, non-reducing PLT is a protective factor for primary childhood AML patients, and the prognosis is satisfying.

With the advancement of medical diagnostic technology and the continuous increase of the elderly population in China,chronic internal carotid artery occlusion(CICAO)is becoming increasingly common in clinical practice.Symptomatic CICAO patients with severe hemodynamic disorders have a high risk of recurrent ischemic stroke.Cognitive impairment related to chronic ischemia in CICAO is also receiving increasing attention.However,there is currently a lack of unified evaluation and treatment plans for CICAO patients in clinical practice.This expert consensus summarized the latest clinical trials and research related to CICAO,and combined the clinical practice experience of domestic experts in related fields to provide targeted opinions on the evaluation,treatment and perioperative management of CICAO patients,in order to further standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment process of the patients with CICAO in China.

Objective • To investigate the prevalence and related factors of abnormal four-limb blood pressure difference in elderly people in Shanghai. Methods • From 2016 to 2018, the elderly aged 60 years and over in Zhaoxiang Town, Qingpu District, Shanghai were selected by cluster sampling. General data was collected. Height, body mass, and blood pressure were measured. Fasting venous blood was taken for routine blood test, blood glucose, blood lipids, serum creatinine and other biochemical indicators. Four limb blood pressures were measured simultaneously by Vascular Profiler-1000 device, from which ankle-brachial index, inter-arm systolic pressure difference and inter-ankle systolic pressure difference were calculated. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of abnormal four-limb blood pressure difference. Results • A total of 4 090 subjects were enrolled with an average age of (68.5±7.6) years, of which 44.6% were males. The people with hypertension and diabetes mellitus accounted for 60.1% and 8.6%, respectively. The prevalence of ankle-brachial index≤ 0.90, inter-arm systolic pressure difference≥ 15 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and inter-ankle systolic pressure difference≥ 15 mmHg were 2.7%, 1.9%, and 8.4%, respectively. After incorporating age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking, drinking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol, the results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that age and hypertension were the related factors of the three indicators for abnormal four-limb blood pressure difference. The related factors of ankle-brachial index ≤ 0.90 also included diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol and smoking; the related factors of inter-arm systolic pressure difference≥ 15 mmHg also included BMI; the related factors of inter-ankle systolic pressure difference≥ 15 mmHg also included BMI and diabetes mellitus. Conclusion • Abnormal four-limb blood pressure difference is prevalent among the elderly in Shanghai, of which old age, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity and smoking are risk factors.

Purpose To characterize the middle cerebral artery atherosclerotic plaque and investigate its relationship with infarction patterns by using 3.0T high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI).Materials and Methods Forty-nine patients with intracranial atherosclerosis underwent HRMRI.The characteristics of the plaques of middle cerebral artery were investigated,including morphology,distribution and enhancement.Patients were categorized as two groups (strong/mild and none) according to the strength of plaque enhancement,then clinical data were compared between the two groups and the risk factors were investigated.Acute infarction was classified as three subtypes (single/multiple perforating artery occlusion/arterial embolism) basedon diffusion weighted imaging,and the plaque characteristics of each subtype were investigated.Results Sixty-five plaques were identified in middle cerebral artery of 49 patients,62 plaques (95.4％) were eccentric,31 plaques (50.0％) were located at the ventral wall.Patients with low levels of high-density lipoprotein were significantly more prevalent in strong enhancement group (56.7％ vs.26.3％,P＜0.05).The percentage of strong enhancement plaque in arterial embolism group (88.9％) was significantly higher than non-arterial embolism group (36.4％) (P＜0.05).Conclusion Middle cerebral artery plaque distribution is correlated with ischemic stroke,strong enhancement plaque is associated with its vulnerability.HRMRI can provide information to predict the ischemic event and infarction pattern.

Three osmotolerant yeasts were isolated from three batches of "swollen can" soy sauce produced by a Guangdong condiment plant. These strains grew faster in the media containing 50%～60% glucose or 15% NaCl than in common yeast media. The three yeasts were identified as Pichia etchellsii by using morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical tests.