Objective To search for the CT and MRI morphological changes in the child patients with cerebral palsy. Method The CT scranning and MRI were carried out in 150 child patients with cerebral palsy, andthe results were analysed. Results In 150 cases, 97 cases (54.6 per cent) have abnormal findings of CT scranning. Diffuse ence-phalatrophy (42 cases), encephalomalacia focus (24 cases) porencephaly (9 cases), and localized ence-phalatrophy (7 cases) ect are the common CT morphological changes in the patients with cerebral palsy.In the 53 patients with normal findings of CT scranning, MRI was carried out for 30 cases and 25 cases(83.3 per cent) were abnormal. The delayed myelinogeny of white matter of brain is the main MRI mor-phalogical abnormality. Conclusion CT scranning and MRI have important value on the etiological diagnosis for child patientswith cerebral palsy. The combination of them can improve the diagnostic accordance rate.

Catheter Ablation ; Humans ; Hypertension ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Kidney ; innervation ; Sympathetic Nervous System ; physiopathology

Neuronal damage is associated with the excessive stimulation of N-Methyl-D- Aspartate (NMDA) receptors by glutamate during cerebral ischemia.Because of non-selective NMDA receptor antagonist can influence all NMDA receptors and produce adverse effects,and its clinical application has been restricted significantly,an increasing attention has been paid to the selective NMDA receptor in recent years.NR2B subunit antagonists are mainly divided into piperidine derivatives,amide derivatives,amidine derivatives,and aminoquinoline derivatives,etc. The representative drugs include ifenprodil and eliprodil.These drugs can selectively act on NMDA receptor NR2B subunit,and they are expected to become safe and effective neuropro- tective agents in clinical practice.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of soluble β-amyloid protein (Aβ) oligomers on the expression levels of insulin signaling transduction cascades-associated proteins including insulin receptor ( InsR),insulin receptor substrate-Ⅰ( IRS-Ⅰ) and protein kinase B (PKB) of rat hippocampal neurons,and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in depth.MethodsSoluble Aβ oligomers (5 μl) were injected into the lateral ventriculus of the AD group by a microinjector under the stereotaxic apparatus.Normal saline solution ( NS,5 μl) was injected into the NS group in the same way,and the control group received the puncture without injection. It was repeated after 1 week and the behavior of all rats was evaluatedbyY-mazetestafter2weeks.Thenhippocampuswasremovedandunderwent immunohistochemical staining to detect the expression of proteins associated.ResultsCompared with the other groups,learning and memory ability of the Aβ-treated rats were impaired.To be specific,the times of learning were increased and the times of memory were decreased. However,there was no significant difference between the NS group and the control group.Besides,the expression levels of InsR,IRS-Ⅰ,and PKB were decreased in AD group showing that a mean optical density of staining on these proteins ( InsR:0.12 ± 0.0l ; IRS-Ⅰ:0.14 ± 0.02; PKB:0.12 ± 0.03 ) was reduced in contrast with that in the NS group and the control group.Whereas there was no significant difference between the NS group (0.40 ± 0.02,0.39 ± 0.06,0.38 ± 0.03,mean difference:- 0.13,- 0.13,- 0.17,all P ＜ 0.05 ) and the control group (0.38 ± 0.07,0.35 ± 0.03,0.35 ± 0.06,mean difference:- 0.15,- 0.07,- 0.73,all P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsSoluble Aβ1-42 induced learning and memory disability of the rats.The mechanism might be that Aβ can lead to disorders of the insulin signaling transduction pathway of hippocampal neurons and decrease the expression levels of the proteins in the pathway.

Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; blood ; Pentobarbital ; blood ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; blood ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective To investigate the effects of tension free herniorrhaphy on endocrine functions of patients with inguinal hernia. Methods One hundred and twenty seven patients were randomly divided into tension free group( n =65) and conventional group ( n =62). The mean ages of tension free group and conventional group were(51.8?14) year and(48.4?12) year respectively. There were 52 indirect hernias and 13 direct hernias in tension free group. There were 51 indirect hernias and 11 direct hernias in conventional group. Bassini repair was used in conventional group. Peripheral blood samples were obtained preoperatively and 3 h, 24 h after operation for measuring the levels of cortisol, T3, TSH, insuline, C peptide and and glucose. The data were analysed through t test. Results The levels of cortisol, C peptide and glucose in conventional group were remarkably higher ( P

Objective To confirm the protective effect of berberine (BBR) on cold ischemia reperfusion (I/R)-induced liver injury and to show whether the hepatic protection conferred by BBR involves the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) / protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) signal pathway.Method Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned randomly to four groups:BBR group (BBR was intragastrically administered at a dose of 100 mg·kg-1 · d-1 2 weeks before hepatic cold I/R treatment),dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (BBR was replaced by DMSO,and others were the same as BBR group),I/R group (BBR was replaced by normal saline,and others were the same as BBR group) and sham group (normal saline was administered 2 weeks before opening and closing abdomen treatment).Then the rats were sacrificed at 3,6,and 24 h after reperfusion.The liver function,oxidative stress level,apoptosis rate,and the expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR related pathway proteins were assayed.Result As compared with sham group,the I/R-induced liver tissue displayed severe lobular distortion with widespread necrosis,high level of oxidative stress and apoptosis rate.As compared with I/R group,BBR dramatically attenuated the histopathologic damage,restored the liver function and decreased the oxidative stress level.Simultaneously,BBR significantly ameliorated the apoptosis by decreasing the apoptosis rate,increasing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and inhibiting caspase-3 activity in rats subjected to hepatic I/R.The expression of p-Akt was effectively upregulated with the inhibited expression of p-mTOR.Conclusion Our result provides robust in vivo evidence that BBR can prevent I/R-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis.The mechanisms involved can be attributed to the activation of P]3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway.

Objective:The benefits of postoperative adjuvant therapy method for low-risk early-stage cervical squamous cell carcinoma were investigated. Methods:A total of 133 patients with low-risk early-stage cervical squamous cell carcinoma were treated at Shandong Cancer Hospital&Institute from February 2008 to March 2012. All patients received adjuvant therapy:42 were treated with pelvic ra-diotherapy (RT), 47 were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy (CT)+intracavitary radiotherapy (ICRT), and 44 were treated with concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT). Disease-free survival (DFS) and complications of the therapy were evaluated. Results:No significant differences in DFS were observed in the patients treated with RT, CT+ICRT, and CCRT (P>0.05), and the three-year DFS rates were 94.0%, 93.4%, and 97.6%, respectively. The frequencies of grade III to IV acute toxicities were significantly higher in patients treated with CCRT (34.1%) than in those treated with RT (9.5%) or CT+ICRT (16.7%) (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed between the RT group and the CT+ICRT group (P>0.05). Grade I to II late toxicity was significantly more frequent in the CCRT (25%) and RT (19.0%) groups compared with the CT+ICRT group (4.3%) (P>0.05), but no statistically significant differences were observed between the CCRT and the RT groups (P>0.05). Conclusion:CT+ICRT or RT has a three-year DFS rate equivalent to CCRT but with fewer therapy com-plications for low-risk early-stage cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on myocardial injury in pediatric patients undergoing living-related liver transplantation. Methods Fifty-eight pediatric patients of both sexes,aged 5-20 months,weighing 4.5-15.0kg,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅲ or Ⅳ,scheduled for elective living-related liver transplantation,were divided into 2 groups(n=29 each)using a random number table:control group(group C)and dexmedetomidine group(group D).In group D,dexmedetomidine was intravenously infused at a dose of 0.5 μg/kg over 10min starting from the time point immediately before skin incision,followed by an infusion of 0.8 μg·kg-1·h-1 until the end of surgery. The equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group C. Immediately before skin incision(baseline,T0),at 10min of anhepatic phase(T1),at 30min of neohepatic phase(T2)and at the end of surgery(T3),blood samples were obtained from the central vein for determination of serum cardiac troponin I(cTnI),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase(α-HBDH),interleukin-6(IL-6)and IL-10 concentrations. The changing rate of serum cTnI concentrations were calculated at T2. The occurrence of myocardial ischemia and ventricular premature beat and requirement for dopamine were recorded during surgery. Results Compared with the baseline at T0,the serum concentrations of cTnI,LDH and α-HBDH were significantly increased at T2,3,and the serum concentrations of IL-6 and IL-10 were increased at T1-3 in both groups(P<0.05).Compared with group C,the serum concentrations of cTnI,LDH,α-HBDH and IL-6 were significantly decreased at T2,3,the serum concentration of IL-10 was increased at T1-3,the changing rate of serum cTnI concentrations was decreased(P<0.05),and no significant change was found in the incidence of myocardial ischemia and ventricular premature beat and requirement for dopamine in group D(P>0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can attenuate the myocardial injury to some extent in pediatric patients undergoing living-related liver transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Learning and memory disorder exist in diabetic rats,which can be improved by APP 17-mer peptide. However, it is unclear whether learning and memory disorder in diabetes mellitus is caused by influencing neuronal mitochondrial transmembrane potentials and apoptosis in hippocampus or not and what is the related action mechanism of APP17-mer peptide.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of APP17-mer peptide on neuronal mitochondrial transmembrane potentials (△ψm) and apoptosis in hippocampal area of diabetic rats.DESIGN: A completely randomized, grouping and controlled trial.SETTING: Beijing Research Laboratory for Brain Aging, Beijing Xuanwu Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences; the Department of Endocrine, the First Central Hospital of Baoding.MATERIALS: The data measurement of the experiment was carried out in the Instrument Testing Center, the General Hospital of Chinese PLA between May 2002 and August 2002. The modeling and intervention of the experiment was carried out in the Animal Laboratory of Xuanwu Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences. Eighteen male Wistar rats were enrolled and randomized into control group, model group and APP17-mer peptide group with 6 rats in each group.METHODS: ① Diabetic models in the model and APP17-mer peptide groups were established by intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin (pH=4.4) in fasted rats(fasting for 12 hours). Three days later, modeling was successful if blood sugar level in caudal vein was more than 15 mmol/L. Rats in the control group were not subjected to modeling.Then, the rats in the APP17-mer peptide group were subjected to the subcutaneous injection of APP17-mer peptide (3.4 μg for each rat once) three times a week and totally for ten weeks, whereas rats in the other groups were given saline of the same volume. ② After ten weeks, rats were anesthetized and decapitated to take out brain tissues, and then hippocampal tissues were isolated in ice bath for preparation of single cell suspension.JC-1 labeled mitochondrial transmembrane potentials and cell apoptosis in hippocampal area were measured by means of flow cytometry. ③ One-way analysis of variance was adopted in the comparison among groups.RESULTS: Eighteen rats were involved in the results analysis. ①Neuronal mitochondrial transmembrane potential was lower in the model group as compared with the control group [(551.91±53.36) vs (809.88±82.41) △ψm,P＜0.01] while it was higher in the APP17-mer peptide group as compared with the model group [(705.99±89.92) vs (551.91±53.36) △ψm, P ＜ 0.05].There was no difference between the APP17-mer peptide group and control group (P=0.146). ②) Apoptotic percentage of single cell in hippocampus was significantly higher in the model group than in the control and APP17-mer peptide groups [(5.32±1.37)%, (1.03±0.55)%, (2.80±0.92)%, P＜0.01, 0.05].CONCLUSION: Neuronal mitochondrial transmembrane potential and cell apoptosis in hippocampus may be involved in the occurrence and development of diabetes mellitus, and APP17-mer peptide plays an improved role in the process.