Objective To investigate the relationships between the parameters of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM)DWI at 3.0 Tesla and T staging of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of rectum.Methods Clinical data and MRI findings including con-ventional imaging and IVIM-DWI were collected in a total of 37 patients with moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of rectum proven by pathology.The patients were divided into two groups without (staging T1 and T2)or with myometrial invasion (T3 and T4).The D,D? ,f and ADC values of rectal cancer and normal rectal wall were measured and were compared between the lesion and normal rectal wall,between both groups and among different T stages.The relationships of the parameters of IVIM-DWI and ADC values with the T staging of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of rectum were analyzed.Results The D,D? ,f and ADC val-ues of rectal cancer were lower than those of normal rectal wall with statistical differences in D,f and ADC values (P <0.05).The differences in D and D? values among different T stages were statistically significant,and LSD Duncan test showed that the differ-ence in D? value between T1 and T4 (P =0.01 7)and between T3 and T4 (P =0.003)and in D value between T2 and T3 (P =0.005) were statistically significant.The D,f,D? and ADC values of noninvasion group and invasion one were (0.93±0.1 6)×10 -3 mm2/s versus (0.77±0.1 9)×10 -3 mm2/s,(27.1±2.94)% versus (24.6 ±4.13)%,(12.6±2.44)×10 -3 mm2/s versus (12.3±3.49)× 10 -3 mm2/s,and (0.95±0.09)×10 -3 mm2/s versus (0.87 ±0.12)×10 -3 mm2/s respectively,and the difference in D value was statistically significant (t=2.5 12,P =0.01 7).Conclusion The parameters of IVIM-DWI and the ADC values are different in rectal cancer and normal rectal wall,and the D value may help to identify the tumor invasion into the muscularis propria.

To investigate the effect of OGT expression inhibited by RNAi on the alteration of tau phosphorylation and glycosylation level in HEK293T cells.The siRNAs targeting OGTgene(OGT-siRNA1～3) were designed and chemically synthesized.The OGT-siRNA1～3 were transfected into HEK293T cells via lipofectamine2000.The efficacy of RNA interference was detected by RT-PCR.The fluorescence of GFP/OGT was counted by fluorescence microscopy after pEGFP/OGT and OGT-siRNA1～3 cotransfected to HEK293T cells for 24 h.The level of tau phosphorylation and glycosylation were detected by Western blot after Plasmid pCI/tau441 and the siRNA cotransfected HEK293T cells for 48 h.OGT-siRNA3(100 nmol/L) could effectively downregulate the expression of OGT gene compared with Mock group(80.0% at mRNA level and 51.3% at protein level).The level of phosphorylation at various sites of the tau was significantly upregulated and the glycosylation was downregulated following the inhibition of OGT gene expression.There is an apparent negative correlation between the modification of phosphorylation and glycosylation of tau protein, the deficient in glucose uptaken/metabolism may be an important pathogenesis of AD.

Objective To investigate the role of CRKL activity in leukemia cells with muhidrug resistance and find new factor related to multidrug resistance. Methods By flow cytometry, CRKL activity was compared in K562, HL-60 cells and its resistance cells. The change of CRKL activity was observed in sensitive cells treated with and withdrawal daunorubicin. Results With the comparison of K562, HL-60 sensitive cells, in K562, HL-60 resistant cell lines, the level of CRKL phosphorylation in K562, HL-60 resistance cells treated with daunombicin 72 hours increased markedly. The level of CRKL phosphorylation was time-dependent with chemotherapy drugs, not change of CRKL activity was found in Jurkat ceils.Conclusion The level of CRKL activity is new factor related to muhidrug resistance in leukemia cells.

Objective To determine the surgical procedures and effects of ultra-distal tibial intramedullary nails combined with blocking screws in treatment of distal tibial fractures.Methods From April 2008 to September 2012,21 cases of distal tibial fractures were treated with ultra-distal tibial intramedullary nails combined blocking screws.All fractures were statically locked and closed using undreamed technique.For relatively simple fracture,blocking screws were considered when the reduction and stability was not satisfied after the insertion of intramedullary nails; for severe comminuted fractures,blocking screws were inserted directly under C-arm fluoroscopy.Partial weight-bearing was permitted 3 weeks after surgery.Quality of reduction,fracture union,and function assessment were measured at follow-up.Results No skin necrosis and soft tissue and bone infections occurred after a mean follow-up of 17.5 months (range,12-22 months).All fractures were healed with an average healing time of 12 months (range,8-26 months).X-ray findings revealed the fracture of ＜ 5° angulation on coronal and sagittal planes.There was no deformation or breakage of blocking screws and intramedullary nails.According to the criteria of Tormetta,the results were excellent in 19 cases and good in 2.Conclusion Blocking screws assists reduction and improve the fixation stability by narrowing the canal in treatment of distal tibial fractures and expands the application of intramedullary nails.

An online enrichment-separation system of C18 and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) with flow injection （C18-FI-ICP/MS） was established for the determination of trace heavy metals in seawater. The optimized experimental parameters including pH，C18 column，concentration of methol in elute and the velocity of elute were investigated. This system was applied to the online preconcentration , separation and determination of trace heave metals in seawater samples successfully. The detection limit　(3σ) for Cd, Pb, Co, Ni and Zn was 0.03, 0.09, 0.1, 0.1, 0.3 μg/L respectively. The RSD of Cd, Pb, Co, Ni, and Zn for six measurements of seawater was 6.8%，3.4%，1.3%，2.6%，0.5%，respectively. The accuracy was verified with spiked recovery test. The recovery for five elements was 91.3%，95.1%，100.4%，100.3%，95.2%, respectively.

Objective To investigate the association of serum C peptide concentration with the severity and the outcome of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Methods The clinical data of 257 inpatients with DFU were collected, including fasting and postprandial 2h C peptide levels and C peptide area under curve (AUCCP ). The patients were followed up on the outcomes of ulcers and death. The associations of serum C peptide concentration with the Wagner degree, infection severity, and healing rate were analyzed. Results The medians of fasting and 2h postprandial serum C peptide as well as AUCCP were 1. 37(0. 02 ~ 9. 00) nmol/ L, 3. 22(0. 02 ~ 29. 61) nmol/ L, and 511. 65 (3. 60 ~ 2 691. 30)nmol·min-1 ·L-1 respectively, which were lower than general levels. The time of follow-up in our study was 2. 8 (1. 0 ~ 5. 1) years. By the end of study, the wound of 75. 88% patients was healed, 3. 5%undergone major amputation, and 23. 74% died. After adjusting for relative factors, there were no significant associations of serum fasting and postprandial C peptide levels and AUCCP with Wagner degree and infection severity (P>0. 05). Cox regression analysis showed that the fasting plasma C peptide and hemoglobin were the independent protective factors for the healing of ulcers; old age, male, higher infection degree, and diabetes family history were their independent risk factors ( all P < 0. 05). Conclusions The lower plasma fasting C peptide concentration in patients with DFU is not correlated with Wagner degree and infection severity, but closely related with healing rate.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine which has antitumor activity. In the present study, a model for fibroblasts-mediated IL-6 gene therapy and its immune regulation are described. Human IL-6 cDNA was inserted into plasmid vector BCMGNeo containing a neomycin resistance gene. BCMGNeo-IL-6 was transferred into NIH3T3 fibroblasts by calcium phosphate coprecipitation method. A fibroblast clone (T6.6) secreting 1L-6 at highest level was selected by G418 resistance selection and limiting dilution. When T6.6 was implanted i.p. into mice, IL-6 could be detected in serum after 12 h. Even after 96 h, serum IL-6 still maintained at high level. Lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 production could be enhanced significantly after in vivo implantation of T6.6. These results demonstrate that fibroblasts -mediated IL-6 gene therapy could augment immune function efficiently and outline a novel strategy for cancer treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of ifenprodil in the mice of bone cancer pain.Methods 96 male C3H/HeJ mice were divided randomly into tumor group( Group T),control group( Group C) and sham group( Group S).The α-minimal essence media(ct-MEM) with 2 × l05 osteosarcoma NCTC 2472 cells were implanted into the intramedullary space of the right femurs of mice to induce ongoing bone cancer related pain behaviors.The sham group was inoculated by α-MEM without any cells.On the 14th d after inoculation,pain ethology indexes such as the spontaneous lifting behaviors,the paw withdrawal mechanical threshold(PWMT) and the paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL)were observed on 1 d before inoculation and on 3 d,5 d,7 d,10 d,14 d,17 d,19 d,23 d after inoculation.Lumbar intumescentia of mice in each group were taken out to investigate the expression level of NR2B western blot after pain behaviors tests at the same time point after intrathecal injection.Results ( 1 ) At day14 after the operation,the obvious increasing of spontaneous lifting behaviors ( ( 12.88 ±1.64) ) and the expression of NR2B (2.12 ±0.13),the significant decreasing of PWMT( (0.39 ±0.17)g) and PWTL( ( 11.59 ± 1.67 ) s ) were observed in group T compared with group S and preoperative base level (P ＜ 0.05 ).(2) At day 17,day 19 and day 23 after the operation,compared with the basal level of dayl4 before administration and group C,the spontaneous lifting behaviors ( (5.13 ± 1.38),(4.70 ± 1.58),(5.64 ± 1.17) ) of group T were obviously decreased,PWMT ( ( 1.10 ± 0.65 ) g,( 0.95 ± 0.56 ) g,( 1.05 ± 0.26 ) g) and PWTL ( ( 15.17 ± 1.27) s,( 15.93 ± 2.18 ) s,( 16.28 ± 1.48 ) s ) were increased,the expression of NR2B ( ( 1.42 ± 0.17),(1.67 ±0.53),(1.14 ±0.79) ) were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion Repeated intratheal injection of ifenprodil can efficiently relieve spontaneous lifting behaviors,mechanical hyperalgia and thermal hyperalgia and decrease the expression of lumbar intumescentia NR2B in the mouse model of bone cancer pain.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of KN93,a CaMKII inhibitor,on the spinal NR2B expression in the bone cancer pain mouse and its underlying mechanism.MethodsThirty-six male C3IL/IIeJ mice were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham group( S,n =8 ),bone cancer pain group( BP,n =8 ) and KN93 group ( K,n=20).The mouse model of bone cancer pain was established by intra-femur inoculation of osteolytie NCTC 2472 cells in BP and K groups.At 14d post operation,mice in K group received intrathecal injection of 60nmol KN93/5μl in 20％ DMSO and mice in BP group and S group received 20％ DMSD 5μl respectively.Eight mice were selected randomly from each group at (1)d before inoculation,at 1 h before administration and at 1,2,4,24h after administration( T0-5 ) to be measured the paw withdrawal threshold(PWT) stimulated by von Frey filaments.Another 3 mice were sacrificed at the corresponding time point and the spinal cord L3 -5 were obtained for determination of NR2B expression by western blot.ResultsPWT was significantly decreased in group BP( (0.50 ± 0.11 ) g) and K( (0.52 ±0.10)g),except for group K at T3(P＞0.05),and NR2B cxpression up-regulated at T2-5 in BP( 1.78± 0.34),K groups ( ( 1.11 ± 0.14),(0.73 ± 0.03 ),( 1.11 ± 0.15 ),( 1.89 ± 0.32 ) ) compared with S group ( ( 1.78 ± 0.31 ) g,(0.33 ± 0.04),P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with group BP,PWT was increased and NR2B expression down-regulated at T2-4 in group K.In contrast to T1,PWT at T2-4 upgraded in group K(P＜0.05 ),but no significant difference was observed in other groups (P＞ 0.05 ).ConclusionIntrathecal injection of KN93 can attenuate bone cancer pain in mice through inhibiting NR2B with a time-dependent manner and spinal CaMKII-NR2B pathway may participate in the development of bone cancer pain.

[Objective] The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the 2013 edition of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) ultrasound lexicon in diagnosing breast categories 3-5 lesions.[Methods] Using our breast ultrasound database from June 2014 to June 2016,we identified 4428 BI-RADS category 3 to 5 lesions with a known pathological diagnosis in 4 428 adult women.The positive predictive value (PPV) of each BI-RADS category was calculated based on the pathological diagnoses and compared with the reference range provided by the American College of Radiology (ACR).[Results] 4 428 lesions from 4428 patients were included in this study.The PPV of each BI-RADS category waswithin the reference range provided by the ACR in 2013.1198 (27.1％) pathological malignant/borderline results were found in the 4 428 lesions,the other 3 230 (72.9％)lesions were diagnosed with benign results.Among the malignant/borderline lesions,the rate of lymph node metastasis gradually increased as the BI-RADS categories were upgraded.Malignant lesions with a diagnosis ofinvasive ductal carcinoma or invasive lobular carcinoma showed an increasing distribution trend from category 3 to 5.[Conclusion] The 2013 editionof BI-RADS ultrasound lexiconhas good diagnostic accuracy and efficiencyin clinical practice.