Objective To investigate the clinical values of loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) in diagnosis and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN). Methods Fifty-two patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia underwent LEEP following cytology, colposcopy and multiple biopsies, were treated by LEEP. The cure rate, the operative time, bleeding volume and patients reaction of LEEP to the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were investigated during the follow-up. Results The effective rate was 98.07 % in the patients treated by LEEP. The effective rate was 100 % in the patients in grade CIN Ⅰ or CIN Ⅱ by LEEP. No patients in grade CIN Ⅰ and Ⅱ had recurrence during the follow-up 1 year. The mean operative time was 7.8 minutes. The mean bleeding volume was 10 ml. No secondary bleeding and post-operative infection occurred. All these surgical specimens were checked successfully for pathology diagnosis. Conclusion The advantages to use the LEEP to manage cervical intraepithelial neoplasia include its simpleness to handle, short operative time,less bleeding, less vaginal discharge, safety, and high cure rate. LEEP can offer intact sample for pathological diagnosis. LEEP electrotome is a very ideal therapy for the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and can block the development of precancerosis to infiltrating carcinoma effectively.

Objective To compare the efficacy of transcervical resection(TCRC)and loop electrosurgical excision procedure(LEEP)for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade I(CINⅠ).Methods A total of 231 CIN I patients were divided into two groups according to their patient number to receive TCRC or LEEP.The resected specimens were sent for pathological diagnosis and human papilloma virus(HPV)-16/18 test.Results No significant difference was found in the operation time[(14.1?2.2)min vs.(13.8?2.1)min],rates of wound infection and cervical stricture[1.7%(2/115)vs.1.7%(2/116)and 0.9%(1/115)vs.1.7%(2/116)],and rates of cure and recurrence [99.1%(107/108)vs.99.1%(108/109)and 0.9%(1/108)vs.0.9%(1/109)] between the TCRC and LEEP groups(t=1.060,P=0.290;?2=0.000,P=1.000;?2=0.000,P=1.000;?2=0.000,P=1.000;?2=0.000,P=1.000).In the TCRC group,the surgical wound was healed in(5.0?0.6)weeks,which was significantly shorter than that in the LEEP group[(5.2?0.7)weeks,t=-2.331,P=0.021].The patients who had severe endocervicitis in both the groups had similar rate of residual endocervicitis[16.7%(2/12)vs.53.8%(7/13),Fisher's test:P=0.097].In both the groups,one patient respectively showed residual lesion after the procedure,in whom HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 were detected.Conclusions Both TCRC and LEEP are effective for CINI.LEEP is easier to master than TCRC.Closed follow-up is essential of the with patients positive HPV-16 or-18.

Objective To understand the incidence and the clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer in Bengbu area.Methods The clinicopathological datas of 446 cases of breast cancer were analyzed retrospectively,which included the clinical profile,tumor size,pathological grading,lymphatic metastasis,pTNM staging,hormonal receptor status and oncogene C-erbB-2 protein expression of some cases.Results Female was found in 99.6% of the patients.The average age was 49.76 years old.Most patients presented firstly by breast masses.The average time was 11.58 months from discovering the mass to final pathological diagnosis.The average longest diameter was 3.06cm.Invasive ductal carcinoma was found in 92.8%.Metastasis was found in 58.8%.Lymphatic metastasis rate was higher in extrinstic and posterior pectoralis monor.ER expression rate was 45.3% and PR,44.2%.The positive rate of C-erbB-2 was 81.4%.C-erbB-2 protein expression was found to be related to the status of ER and PR.Conclusion Breast cancer is more commonly found in middle and old women.Early discovery rate is lower and invasive carcinoma is diagnosed in most cases while metastasis is found in halof the cases.Carrying out breast cancer census is of important significance for prevention and treatment of breast cancer.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic significance of 3 clinical stage system in 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods From January 2004 to August 2007, 179 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were treated with 3DCRT.Before radiation, each patient was staged with UICC 2003 TNM stage, stage of Chinese esophageal cancer cooperation group (cooperation group' stage), and Zhu's clinical stage respectively. Concordance of each clinical stage and prognosis was analyzed with SPSS 11.5. Results In 179 cases of esophageal cancer,Concordance was better in T stage ( Kappa = 0. 271 ) than in TNM stage ( Kappa = 0. 167 ) between cooperation group' stage and Zhu's stage. Among them, 98 cases was staged with UICC stage, concordance of T stage was better between UICC-T and cooperation group' T stage (Kappa =0. 261 ) than between UICCT and Zhu's T stage (Kappa = 0. 045 ) ;concordance of TNM stage was better between UICC-TNM and Zhu's TNM stage ( Kappa = 0. 597 ) than between UICC-TNM and cooperation group' TNM stage ( Kappa =0. 299 ). With multivariate analysis, T ( χ2 value is 11.58, 26. 00 and 51.05, all P ＜ 0. 01 ), N ( χ2 value is 15.28, 16. 10 and 16. 10,all P＜0. 01), M (χ2 value is 5.59, 27.78 and 27.78,all P＜0. 01), and TNM (χ2 value is 15.77, 34,35 and 51. 10,all P＜0. 01 ) stage in 3 kinds of clinical stage were independent prognostic factors. In UICC stage, T1-T3 was difficult to definite and the prognosis was not significantly different in T1 -T3 stage. Conclusions In this study, 3 kinds of clinical stage could evaluate prognosis of esophageal cancer after radiotherapy;cooperation group' stage and Zhu's stage need further application, with further accuracy needed.

Pine pollen is a kind of Chinese materia medica with the homology of medicine and food, rich in a variety of nutrients and bioactive ingredients. It has the efficacy of hemostasis by convergence and eliminating dampness and astringing sores. Research showed that pine pollen is able to protect certain organs, regulate metabolism, enhance immunity and resist antioxidation and aging. This article reviewed pine pollen related research from the aspects of main components, pharmacological effects and clinical application, in order to provide references for further study and development and utilization.

yin-yang deficiency,and there were significant difference between different syndromes P

Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Parotid Diseases ; pathology ; Parotid Gland ; pathology ; Recurrence

Objective To observe the satisfaction of obtaining endometrial tissue in using endometrial sampling device and explore the influence for pathology diagnostic accordance rate,and to discuss the problem needs to focus in obtaining endometrial tissue with endometrial sampling device for endometrial cancer and precancerous lesion screening.Methods Totally 204 cases using endometrial sampling device with the subsequent diagnostic curettage,hysteroscopy,or hysterectomy were collected.A comparison of pathological diagnosis between two methods was made.The relationship among specimen quantity,proficiency,pathological types and diagnostic accordance rate were analyzed.Results The diagnostic accordance rate of endometrial cancer and precancerous lesion of two methods was 67％ (20/30).92.2％ (188/204) cases successfully got the endometrial glands,77.0％ (157/204) cases got ≥5 specimens of glands and 62.3％ (127/204) cases got ≥10 specimens of glands.When obtaining ≥5 but＜ 10 endometrial glands,the diagnostic accordance rate was 76.7％ (23/30); however,obtaining ≥10 endometrial glands,the diagnostic accordance rate was 92.9％ (118/127).The degree of specimen satisfaction of the first phase was lower than the second phase.Conclusions Obtaining ≥5 endometrial glands in using endometrial sampling device could satisfy the requirement of the basic pathological diagnosis.The proficiency of sampling and the pathological types could influence the degree of specimen satisfaction,and then influence the diagnostic accordance rate.

Objective: To establish the methods for extraction and isolation of punicalagin from pomegranate peel, and further study the purification and quantification of punicalagin. Methods: Using an ultrasonic-assisted extraction method, punicalagin in pomegranate peel was extracted at room temperature by 50% ethanol with 20-fold volume of raw material. The content of punicalagin in the crude extract was determined by HPLC. To optimize the purification process of punicalagin, static adsorption and desorption experi-ments were employed to study five kinds of macroporous adsorbent resins (D101, A8-8, NKA-9, HPD-100 and HPD-500) for the one with the highest purification efficacy of punicalagin. In addition, the technical parameters of the macroporous adsorbent resin were opti-mized to obtain punicalagin with higher purity. Punicalagin was further separated and purified by using a reverse phase MCI GEL CHP20P column. Results:HPD500 resin showed the best ability to absorb and separate punicalagin in among five kinds of macro-porous adsorbent resins. The best technical parameters were as follows:the mass concentration of sample solution was 15 mg·ml-1 , the loading amount was 2BV, the pH was 2 and the eluting solvent was 8BV of 30% ethanol. With the best process as described a-bove, the content of punicalagin extracted from pomegranate peel increased from 10. 3% to 30. 7%. The obtained punicalagin could be further purified to 61. 3% from 30% in ethanol eluate by the reverse phase MCI GEL CHP20P column. Conclusion:HPD500 resin is the most effective in the purification of punicalagin from pomegranate peel, and the content of punicalagin can be dramatically increased after the purification by a reverse phase MCI GEL CHP20P column. The optimized process shows good reproducibility and stability.

Objective To observe the effect of fluvastatin on urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER)of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes patients.Methods Type 2 diabetes patients with mieroalbuminuria were randomly divided into fluvastatin goup(n=126)and control group(n=129).Fluvastatin group was given fluvastatin 40 mg each night.Follow up was conducted for 1.5 years.The UAER and glomerular filtration rate(GFR)as well as blood lipid level before and after therapy were compared.Results UAER in fluvastatin group was significantly lower than that in control group[(59.6±10.5)vs(87.5±12.3)mg/min,P＜0.05]before therapy[(104.4±25.2)vs(110.6±19.7)mg/min,P＜0.05],which was independent of its lowering-lipid effect.But GFR had no signifimicroalbuminuria which is independent of lowering-lipid effect in type 2 diabetic nephropathy patients and delay the progress of diabetic nephropathy.