OBJECTIVE To analyze the impact of clinical application sheets for special antibiotics on clinical medication and the existing questions in implementation and irrational phenomena caused by the use of antibiotics.METHODS All the applications sheets for the first month clinical use of special antibiotics in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively,and their used dosage before and after of was compared monthly.RESULTS It was indicated that the partial application sheets were filled out incompletely;the dosage of special antibiotics after clinical application was declined obviously,while the pathogen test rate for the sample was too low and the starting point of the preventive use of antibiotics in some departments was too high.CONCLUSIONS The applications sheets for special antibiotics promote the rational usage of antibiotics in some extent;however,there is still deficiency in operation.Meanwhile,there are some problems in the clinical medication in our hospital and need to take the comprehensive preventive measures to manage it.

Objective To diagnose the intrauterine occupational disease by vaginal ultrasonography or hysteroscopy, and to evaluate the diagnostic values of these two methods. Methods One hundred and fifty patients were detected by vaginal ultrasonography and hysteroscopy from Jan 2004 to Dec 2004, and a total of 71 cases were confirmed intrauterine occupational disease. Tissue hysteroscopy or bioposy were performed during the hysterosocopy in order to analyse the tissue pathology. Results In these 71 patients, 47 were no less than 46 years old. Most of them had abnormal uterine bleeding.Thirty-three cases (46.48%) were suggested by vaginal ultrasonography, and 49 (69.01%) by hysteroscopy. Thirty-eight cases (53.52%) were in line with the pathological result.There were significant differences between vaginal ulterasonography and hysteroscopy in diagnosing the intrauterine occupational disease (P

[Objective]To study the clinical manifestation,early diagnosis and surgical outcomes of traumatic thoracic disc herniation.[Method]Eleven patients of traumatic thoracic disc herniation were selected from June 2000 to June 2005.There were 8 males and 3 females with an average age of 23.96 years old(ranged,15-38 years old).The average time from traumatism to diagnosis were 4.1 months(range,2 days to 8 months).After early clinical diagnosis,discectomy through posterolateral transpedicular approach were carried out for all 11 patients.[Result]All 11 patients were followed up for an average time of 2.6 years(range,1.1～3.8 years).According to Otani's classification criterion,the results were excellent in 7cases,good in 3 cases,fair in I cases,no poor case and failure case.The excellent and good results were obtained in 90.91% of the patients.[Conclusion]The incidence of traumatic thoracic disc herniation is rather low,and this disease has no representative symptom and sign.Early diagnosis and operative treatment is a very effective guarantee to curative effect for traumatic thoracic disc herniation.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of jujube pretreatment on serum levels of AST and ALT, liver pathology, and the expression of cytochrome P4502e1 (CYP2E1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the liver tissue of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) mice.

METHODSTotally 88 Kunming mice were randomly divided into the control group (n = 28), the model group (n = 32), and the jujube treatment group (n = 28). The animal model was prepared using intragastric alcoholism for mice in the model group and the jujube treatment group, while distilled water was intragastrically given to those in the control group. Extraction of jujube was intragastrically given to mice in the jujube treatment group at week 4, while equal volume of distilled water was intragastrically given to mice in the rest two groups. The therapeutic course lasted for 12 weeks. Serum levels of AST and ALT, liver pathology, and the expression of CYP2E1 and TNF-alpha in the liver tissue of ALD mice were observed after administration of jujube.

RESULTSCompared with the model group, serum levels of AST and ALT decreased, the liver pathology was improved, and the expression of CYP2E1 and TNF-alpha in the liver tissue decreased, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONJujube had certain effect in treating ALD.

Animals ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; Ziziphus ; chemistry

Objective To clone and sequence the cDNA encoding farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase(FPS) from Panax notoginseng.Methods The cDNA,encoding FPS in P.notoginseng,was amplified by RACE strategy with the total RNA of root as the template.The fragment of FPS was cloned and sequenced.Results The analysis results revealed that the full-length cDNA had(1 409) bp with an open reading frame encoding 343 amino acids of protein.The FPS sequence had 95%,87%,and 86% amino acid sequence homology to the FPS sequence of Centella asiatica,Parthenium argentatum,and Artemisia annua,respectively. Conclusion The cDNA encoding FPS from P. notoginseng is cloned and reported.This works provide a foundation for exploring the mechanism of saponins biosynthesis and application to the other medical plants.

Aged ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Lipoma ; pathology ; Liposarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate the inhibitory effect of selective angiotensinⅡtype 1 receptor antagonist ZD7155 on pancreatic cancer xenografts of nude mice.Methods:Sixty nude mice were given subcutaneous injections of PaTu8988s cells to establish the pancreatic cancer xenograft models;then the animal models were evenly randomized into 3 groups:low-dose (10 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1))ZD7155,high-dose(20 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1))ZD7155 and normal saline groups.Ten mice in each group were sacrificed 10 d after treatment and the tumor sizes and body weights were measured.The microvessel density(MVD)was assessed by immunostaining of endothelial cells for CD31 and the cell apoptoses were observed by transmission electron microscope.Another thirty mice were treated for 30 days;the survival period of mice and toxicity of ZD7155 were observed till the 49th day of treatment.Results:Ten days after treatment,the mean tumor volumes in the control,low-dose and high-dose groups were(35.8?6.7)cm~3,(21.5?6.1)cm~3 and (10.7?4.1)cm~3,respectively(P

The metabolic characteristics of ligustrazin (TMPz) in liver microsomes were investigated in the present study. The reaction phenotyping of TMPz metabolism was also identified by in vitro assessment using recombinant human cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP) and UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGT). TMPz was incubated at 37 degrees C with human (HLM) and rat liver microsomes (RLM) in the presence of different co-factors. The metabolic stability and enzyme kinetics of TMPz were studied by determining its remaining concentrations with a LC-MS/MS method. TMPz was only metabolically eliminated in the microsomes with NADPH or NADPH+UDPGA. In the HLM and RLM with NADPH+UDPGA, t1/2, K(m) and V(max) of TMPz were 94.24 +/- 4.53 and 105.07 +/- 9.44 min, 22.74 +/- 1.89 and 33.09 +/- 2.74 micromol x L(-1), 253.50 +/- 10.06 and 190.40 +/- 8.35 nmol x min(-1) x mg(-1) (protein), respectively. TMPz showed a slightly higher metabolic rate in HLM than that in RLM. Its primary oxidative metabolites, 2-hydroxymethyl-3, 5, 6-trimethylpyrazine (HTMP), could undergo glucuronide conjugation. The CYP reaction phenotyping of TMPz metabolism was identified using a panel of recombinant CYP isoforms (rCYP) and specific CYP inhibitors in HLM. CYP1A2, 2C9 and 3A4 were found to be the major CYP isoforms involved in TMPz metabolism. Their individual contributions were assessed b) using the method of the total normalized rate to be 19.32%, 27.79% and 52.90%, respectively. It was observed that these CYP isoforms mediated the formation of HTMP in rCYP incubation. The UGT reaction phenotyping of HTMP glucuronidation was also investigated preliminarily by using a panel of 6 UGT isoforms (rUGT). UGT1A1, 1A4 and 1A6 were the predominant isoforms mediated the HTMP glucuronidation. The results above indicate that the metabolism of TMPz involves multiple enzymes mediated phase I and phase II reactions.

Objective To upgrade the current X-ray vehicle.Methods Modern digital X-ray radiography was analyzed and 3 kinds of X-ray detectors were compared.Canon CXDI digital X-ray detector was used to update field X-ray vehicle into a field digital X-ray radiography vehicle.Results Real-time X-ray signal synchronization was realized.Digital images could be edited and labeled with detection information.Conclusion The working efficiency is enhanced and the support ability is improved.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of combined analysis on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of X-ray cross-complementing1 ( XRCC1 ) gene 194 and 399 codon,xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD) gene 312 codon and glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) gene 105 codon in platinum based chemotherapy.Methods Direct sequencing was performed to detect XRCC1,XPD and GSTP1 genotypes in peripheral blood from 50 cancer patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy.Genetic polymorphisms of these genes related to sensitivity of platinum were reviewed.Results Favorable genotypes were Arg/Trp and Trp/Trp in XRCC1 194 codon,Arg/Arg in XRCC1 399 codon,Asn/Asn in XPD 312 codon and Val/Val in GSTP1 105 codon.The response rate to chemotherapy was 57.1％,75.0％,60.9％,85.7％ and 87.5％,respectively.The response rate for patients possessing ≥2 favorable genotypes and those possessing 1 or 0 favorable genotype was 78.9％,36.4％ and 0,respectively.Patients possessing ≥2 favorable genotypes demonstrated higher sensitivity to platinum based chemotherapy,compared with those possessing 1 or 0 favorable genotype ( x2 =25.79,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Combination analysis of genomic polymorphisms of XRCC1,XPD and GSTP1 may be useful in predicting sensitivity of platinum based chemotherapy.