Objective To measure anatomical parameter of internal carotid artery in petrous bone, and provide anatomical basis for operations Methods The anatomical study of the internal carotid artery (ICA) in petrous bone and related landmarks was studied in 15 adult cadaver brain specimens under the microscope Results The petrous segment of the ICA can be divided into ascending,bend and horizontal portion The great superficial petrous nerve was the best landmark through which the petrous segment of ICA can be exposed in operations. Conclusions If we are familiar with the anatomy of the petrous segment of the ICA and related landmarks,the petrous segment of the ICA can be protected very well in operations with less complications and better prognosis.

The methods and technology of immunopharmacology for Chinese Materia Medica have been progressing rapidly in recent years. The regulation of Chinese Materia Medica on the activity of cytokine and effector cells is reviewed in this article. Many clinical studies indicate that Chinese Materia Medica can regulate the production and activity of IFN, ILs, TNF, etc., and affect the cytotoxieity of NK. LAK, CTL, etc. The immunopharmcological research of Chinese Materia Medica in molecular and cellular levels is useful for explaining the mechanism of whole regulation and two-way regulation depending on the function of the body. In this article, the relations between quantity and effect, the study in vivo and in vitro, and the whole drug and its component are also reviewed.

Objective To isolate and identify the aseites-derived exosomes from patients with ovarian epithelial carcinoma,and explore the relationship between exosomes and the prognosis of ovarian epithelial carcinoma.Methods Ascites-derived egosomes were isolated by ultraeentrifugation on sucrose and D2O gradients from 41 ovarian epithelial carcinoma patients,and identified by transmission electron microscope and western blot analyses.Ascites-derived exosomes were evaluated for effect on prognosis of ovarian epithelial carcinoma.Resulls Exosomes were isolated and purified from the ascites in 85% (35/41)of ovarian epithelial carcinoma patients;major histocompability complex-I(MHC-I)could be detected in 100%(35/35)of the aseites-derived exosomes samples,heat shock protein-70(Hsp70)in 91%(32/35),and CD81 in 86%(30/35).The patients with positive ascites-derived exosomes had no significant difference in age,pathological type and the degree of differentiation of tumor,surgical-pathological staging,the optimal operation and the responsibility to chemotherapy(P>0.05).The patients with positive ascites-derived exosomes,the reduction of CA125 level after cytoreduetive surgery was(66±27)%,which was more than that of the patients without ascites-derived exosomes(37±86)%and all the whole patients not considering the condition of exosomes(61±44)%(P<0.01),and there were also no difference whether or no optimal operation ration(P<0.01).Conclusions There are ascites-derived exosomes in ascites from most patients with ovarian epithelial carcinoma.While the relationship between exosomes and prognosis of ovarian epithelial carcinoma needs further research.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference material for improving the competitive capacity of pharmaceutical enter?prises in China.METHODS:Using the general principle of internationized management theory,the present situation,superiority and inferiority of China's pharmaceutical enterprises in management were analysed,and the strategy of internationized man?agement was put forward.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:China's pharmaceutical enterprises are facing opportunity and chal?lenge,only through rational,large-scaled,concentrated and internationized management can their market competitive power be raised.

OBJECTIVE To introduce the characteristic and advantage of a kind of therapeutic method for chronic tibial osteomyelitis by cleaning the focus,iodophor sterilizing and then bone grafting at some selective time.METHODS Ribbon-gauze immersed with iodophor was used for tamponade and constant hydropathic compress after a surgery of debridement,then intramedullary bone grafting was performed.RESULTS This treating manner was applied in 18 patients with chronic tibial osteomyelitis and 17 cases(94.4%) healed,1 case recrudesced.CONCLUSIONS It is reliable for this kind of therapeutic method by debriding the focus,followed by an open and constant hydropathic compress with iodophor,and then grafting bone,which may promote the healing rate of chronic tibial osteomyelitis.

Objective: To obtain anatomical parameters for surgery of the cavernous sinus. Methods:The anatomical study of nerves and triangles of the cavernous sinous was made in 15 adult cadaver brians by microanatomical methods. Results: Ten triangles of the cavernous sinus and 3rd cranial nerve, 4th cranial nerve in each cavernous sinus were studied. It was discovered that almost all content could be shown through Hakuba triangle and Parkinson triangle. Conclusion: The anatomical parameters of cavernous sinus is obtained, it is useful for surgical treatment of cavernous diseases. [

Angioplasty, Balloon ; methods ; Aortic Coarctation ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; therapy ; Aortography ; Cardiac Catheterization ; methods ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Platinum ; Prosthesis Design ; Stents ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

Angioplasty, Balloon ; methods ; Aortic Valve Stenosis ; therapy ; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ; methods ; Child, Preschool ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Air Pollution, Indoor ; analysis ; Anesthetics ; analysis ; Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Isoflurane ; analysis ; Methyl Ethers ; analysis ; Operating Rooms

Adult ; Aged ; Alopecia ; chemically induced ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Bone Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; secondary ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; pathology ; secondary ; Cisplatin ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leukopenia ; chemically induced ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; secondary ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; administration & dosage ; Paclitaxel ; administration & dosage ; Remission Induction ; Survival Rate ; Taxoids ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult