Asthma is heterogeneous disorder which caused by a complicated interaction between multiple genes and environmental factors. A increasing number of attention has paid in the researches about its pathogenic mechanism and therapeutic strategies. Not only can Toll-like receptors and signal transduction pathways mediate relevant immunocyte of asthma, but also induce or restrain development of asthma. TLRs is a land of pattern recognition receptor(PRRs), which can rely on the conserved sequence of gene encoding to identify pathogenic microorganism, meanwhile activate innate immunity,adjust acquired immunity and induce immune tolerance.

It is one heated topic to enhance the humanistic quality of current college students.This paper investigates and analyzes the status quo of humanistic education among the college students in two medical colleges in Tianjin city,exploring related issues in the humanistic education in the English language lecture teaching in medical colleges.

Occupational Health

Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography

Kawasaki disease ( KD) is an acute febrile systemic vasculitic syndrome. Since there is no specific diagnostic test for KD, the diagnosis is mainly based on the clinical menifetations according to the criterias and excluding of other diseases. Recently the value of plasma brain natriuretic peptide ( BNP) in the diagnosis of KD has been paid more attention gradually. The plasma NT-proBNP level is significantly elevated in KD patients in the acute phase. It is of some specificity and sensitivity, and it may due to the local myocardial inflammation, cytokines and diastolic function of left ventricular. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which the elevated levels of plasma NT-proBNP occur in the acute phase of KD.

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the sorts of biomedical fibers, collagenous fibers, chitin fibers polyactic acid(PLA) fibers, etc. , and their preparation,properties and application respectively, and suggest China to pay attention to the research and development of biomedical fiber.DATA SOURCES: Literatures from January 1993 to December 2001 were computer-searched in http://www.sciencedirect.com, http://worldscinet.lib.tsinghua.edu.cn, with the key words of "biomedical and polymer,fibre" and the language was limited to English.: Literatures from January 1999 to December 2004 were computer-searched in http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn,with the key words of "Biological, medical, polymer and Chitin Fibers" and the language was limited to Chinese.STUDY SELECTION: Inclusion criteria: ①Chitin fibers②Collagenous fibers and PLA fibers③Alginic acid fibers④Polyglycolide fibers⑤β-hy droxybutanoic acid ester (PHB)⑥Polycaprolactone fiber. Exclusion criteria:① Obsolete literatures. ② Repeated study. DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 60 tests on biomedical fiber were collected, but only 15 literatures met the inclusion criteria. Altogether 45 literatures were excluded due to older and repeated study.DATA SYNTHESIS: ①The sorts of biomedical fibers: Classified according to the sources, biomedical fibers include metal ones (e.g. stainless steel wire), inorganic and nonmetal ones (e.g. alumina fibers) and macromolecular ones. Classified according to the interaction between living tissues and materials, they include bioinert fibers, bioactive fibers and bioabsobable fibers. Classified according to biomedical use, they include biomedical fibers compatible with hard tissues, biomedical fibers compatible with parenchyma, biomedical fibers compatible with blood and biomedical fibers used as medicine or for regulating the release of medicine ②The main biodegradable fibers include chitin fibers, collagenous fibers, PLA fibers and their copolymer fibers.CONCLUSION: As one of the important functional fibers, the biomedical fibers attract wide attention both at home and abroad. The research and development about them are still on the way and has shown hopeful prospective of application. Much attention should be paid on the research and development of biomechanical fibres.

ObjectiveTo investigate Kir4.1 expressions in Müller cells under high glucose conditions and treatment of pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF).Methods Cultured rat Müller cells were divided into control group (5 mmol/L glucose),high glucose group (25 mmol/L glucose),PEDF treatment group (25 mmol/L glucose+ 100 ng/ml PEDF) and intervention control group(25 mmol/L glucose +phosphate buffer solution). Kir4.1 expressions were measured by Western blot and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) productions were measured using 2′7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)expressions were studied by real-time RT-PCR.ResultsBy Western blot and real-time RT-PCR,it was found the expressions of Kir4.1 decreased obviously under high glucose conditions (real-time RT-PCR:t=4.12,P＜0.05; Western blot:t=3.53,P＜0.05) ; simultaneously,ROS generation was increased (t=3.76,P＜0.05) and GPx level was decreased (t=3.18,P＜0.05).PEDF treatment inhibited the high glucose-induced Kir4.1 down regulation (real-time RT-PCR:t =3.66,P＜0.05 ; Western blot:t =6.43,P＜0,01 ) and decreased ROS generations (t=4.11,P＜0.05) and increased GPx levels (t=5.12,P＜0.01).ConclusionsThe high glucose can supress Kir4.1 expressions in Müller cells by oxidative stress,and PEDF can ameliorate these effects.

Objective　To study the malignant or benign characters of lung mini nodules for diagnosis and treatment.Methods　A retrospective analysis was performed on 80 post-operative cases with pathologically confirmed malignant or benign lung mini-nodules.Results　Lung mini-nodule resection cases accounted for 17.7%(80) out of a 451-cases group.Malignant cases accounted for 73.7%(59/80)，benign cases 26.3%(21/80).Most of the malignant cases were squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma,while most of the benign cases were tuberculosis and inflammatory pseudo-neoplasms.As for pTNM staging in malignant cases,there were 28 in pT1N0M0，19 in pT1N1M0,1 in pT1N1M1,10in pT1N2M0 and 1 in pT1N2M1;the average survival time was 29.4 months.The accurate rate of pre-operative X-ray and CT scan was 45% and 76.2% respectively.Conclusion　For patients with lung mini-nodules ＜2 cm CT value at 37HU,and the nature unknown ,resection is suggested.

Objective To study the flurbiprofen axetil (FA) for postoperative analgesia of gynecological laparoscopic surgery and the changes of interleukin-6 in blood.Methods80 cases were selected for gynecologic laparoscopic surgery,the patients were randomly divided into 4 groups with 20 cases each group.Group A was given FA 50 mg and tramadol 1 mg/kg 30 minutes before the end of surgery.Group B was given FA 50 mg 5 minutes before induction of anesthesia and given tramadol 1 mg/kg 30 minutes before the end of surgery,and group C was given FA 50 mg five minutes before induction of anesthesia.Group D was given tramadol 2 mg/kg 30 minutes before the end of surgery.After the surgery,the VAS was observed in real-time of wake up (T1),and 2 hours (T2),6 hours (T6) and 24 hours (T24) after operating.The blood of each group was taken at the different time points including arriving in the room (T0),waking up (T1) and 6 hours (T6) after operating.The blood samples were hold for 30 minutes and centrifuged (3000 r/min,10 min),and IL-6 was detected using double-antibody sandwich ABC-ELISA.ResultsThe experiments showed that VAS in T1 time point of group A,B,C were lower than that of group D(1.40±0.26,1.67±0.37,1.60±0.42 vs 3.13±2.32).In T24 time point,VAS of group A,B were also lower than that of group D(2.13±1.24,2.00±1.25 vs 3.53±1.87),the differences were significant (P＜0.05).The experiments showed that concentration of IL-6 in group D was higher than that in group A,B,C at the T1 time point (12.26±6.56 vs 2.94±2.55,3.37±2.43 vs 2.93±1.16,P＜0.05).ConclusionsThe postoperative analgesic effect of Flurbiprofen axetil combined with tramadol on the ogynecological laparoscopic was superior to using any of the drug alone.Flurbiprofen axetil could inhibit increasing of IL-6 and have an effect against the inflammatory response induced by surgical trauma,and it has a good analgesic effect.

Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae ( hvKP) mainly infects healthy people and causes serious infections, such as liver abscess, meningitis, necrotizing fasciitis, endophthalmitis and severe pneu-monia. Studies have shown that hvKP is more virulent than classic Klebsiella pneumoniae characterized by ex-pressing more capsular polysaccharide and carrying the virulence factors including magA, rmpA and iron ac-quisition molecules. The greater survival and anti-phagocytosis abilities of hvKP strains contribute to the spread and metastasis of hvKP infection. This review describes the virulence factors, colonization and infec-tion of hvKP as well as the host immunity to hvKP.