Objective　To study the alterations of surfactant protein A (SP-A) and B (SP-B) in rats in the early stage of acute lung injury induced by oleic acid. Methods　An acute lung injury model was established by injecting oleic acid into the superior vena cava of rats and the levels of SP-A and SP-B in branchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined with Western Blot and ELISA. Results　The levels of SP-A and SP-B in BALF were significantly decreased in the injured group 1 h after acute lung injury (P<0.01) and remained low in the next 6 h. Conclusion　The levels of SP-A and SP-B were decreased in the early stage of acute lung injury. The methods used for detecting SP-A and SP-B we adopted are specific and sensitive, and might be helpful for other experimental study.

Objective To study the effects of interferon gamma (IFN-?) on pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin in rats and the related mechanisms. Methods A total of 90 rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=30 in each group): normal control group, pulmonary fibrosis group, and IFN-? treated group. On days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 after bolemycin treatment, 6 rats in each group were sacrificed. PO 2 was determined. The lungs and serum were collected for histopathological and electron microscopic examinations. The contents of transforming growth factor ? 1 (TGF-? 1) and fibronectin (FN) were determined by immunohistochemistry, and the contents of IL-4 and surfactant protein A (SP-A) were detected by ELISA and Western blotting, respectively. Results PO 2 level increased significantly (P

Objective To investigate the effects of Panax notoginseng saponin (PNS) on macrophage inflammatory protein 1?(MIP 1?) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP 1) in plasma in rats with pulmonary fibrosis. Methods The dynamic changes of the contents of MIP 1?and MCP 1 in plasma were determined with ELISA. Results The contents of MIP 1? and MCP 1 in plasma were significantly higher in PF group than those in PNS group at most time points(125 pg/ml and 298 pg/ml), and correlated with the development of fibrosis. The contents of MIP 1? and MCP 1, close to those in the control group, were inhibited obviously in PNS group. Conclusion PNS may have effect on the prevention and cure of fibrosis by minimization of the alveolar inflammation due to the effective inhibition of the contents of MIP 1? and MCP 1 in plasma.

Objective To investigate the causes and influence factors of fungous infection pneumonia. Methods A total of 96 patients admitted by our hospital from Jan 2000 to Dec 2004 with fungous infection pneumonia were retrospectively analyzed. Results All pulmonary fungous infection patients, aged 78 years in average, had severe basic diseases and employed polyantibiotics. The risk factors included abusive usage of antibiotics and polyantibiotic, immunosuppression and malnutrition. Blastomyces albicans was the main pathogen in the infection of pulmonary fungus. Conclusion The main risk factor of hospital acquired fungous infection pneumonia is abusive usage of antibacterial and the existence of the basic diseases.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value in pulmonary interstitial fibrosis by transbronchial lung biopsy(TBLB) and immunohistochemistry. Methods The lung tissue samples were obtained from 20 cases of pulmonary fibrosis due to different causes, including 9 cases of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF) and 11 cases of pulmonary fibrosis caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PF COPD), by means of transbronchial lung biopsy. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson trichrome staining and immunostaining with anti type Ⅲ collagen and anti type I collagen multiclonal antibodies were performed. Differences in clinical characteristics, pathological manifestations, levels, types and distribution of proliferation of collagen fibers between IPF and PF COPD were compared. Results The proliferation of collageneous fibers was significantly higher in IPF than in PF COPD( P

Objective To evaluate the changes and clinic countermeasures of cough and expectoration in the patients with lung cancer after airway stent placements. Methods With the fibrobronchoscope, metal stents were placed in tracheas, main bronchia or right intermediary bronchia. It was compared that the degrees of cough and expectoration difficulties, the volumes and mucin content of sputa and lung functions before the placements, within 3 d and 1 to 2 months after operation. Results Within postoperative 3 days, the patients coughed more frequently, but VC, FEV_(1) and PEF were improved significantly. In postoperative 1 to 2 months, the degrees of cough were close to preoperative degrees, lung functions kept on improved conditions, but expectoration difficulties, volumes and mucin contents of sputa increased markedly, especially in the patients with tectorial membrane stents. Proper stents and reasonable treatment including use of antitussive, apophlegmatisant and antibiotics could decrease the degrees of cough within postoperative 3 days, and expectoration difficulties, volumes and mucin contents of sputa in postoperative 1 to 2 months. Conclusion To the patients with malignant central airway constriction, metal stent placement would improve ventilative functions but bring difficulties for cough and expectoration. The side complications would be relieved through corresponding treatments.

in the period from Lanuary, 1983 to June, 1990, a total of 980 cases of cor pulmonale were hospitaluzed in this institute. Among the 980, 154 cases were complicated with multiple organ failure (MOF), and 114 cases out of the 154 died with a mortality rate of 74%. Besides the heart and the lungs, the organs involved were the brain, the liver, the gastrointestinal tract, the kidneys and the blood system. It was found that MOF more often occurred in elderly persons. The older the patient is, the more the organs will be involved and the higher the mortality rate will be. Infection especially that of gram negative bacilli was the main factor to induce MOF. The combined administration of penicillin and the antibiotics of cephalosporin group was quite helpful to control the infections, which is the key step in the management of such cases, when the antibiotics of aminoglycoside group were used, special attention must be paid to the prevention of their toxic effects on the kidneys High-frequency jet ventilation is not suitable to treat cor pulmonale complicated with MOF.

To investigate the plasma MIP 1?and MCP 1 levels in rats with pulmonary fibrosis produced by bleomycin and preliminarily study the pathogenesis of the two chemokines in pulmonary fibrosis. The rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: normal control and pulmonary fibrotic group. Rats were killed on day 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28, and the plasma were collected .The solid phase sandwich enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assay the level of plasma MIP 1? and MCP 1. The results showed that the level of MIP 1? and MCP 1 in rats with pulmonary fibrosis were significantly higher than those in normal control ; plasma MCP 1 level was significantly correlated with plasma MIP 1?. It indicates that plasma MIP 1? and MCP 1 may be useful markers for monitoring the course of pulmonary fibrosis and they may reflect the clinical evidence of pulmonary fibrosis.

Objective To design and produce specific stealth siRNAs and detect their inhibitive effects on TGF-?1 expression.Methods Three stealth siRNAs aimed directly at different sequences(stealth-48,stealth-166,stealth-594) in TGF-?1 mRNA were made.These siRNAs were transfected into BALB/c mouse lung fibroblast in vitro,then the TGF-?1 expression in those lung fibroblasts was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results In different time periods,the TGF-?1 expression was differently depressed by three stealth siRNAs in vitro.The inhibitory effects of stealth-166 was better than the other two stealth siRNAs.The inhibition could be detected in 48 h,reached the highest level in 72 h and began to attenuate 96 h later.Conclusion The TGF-?1 expression of mouse lung fibroblasts in vitro can be depressed by synthetic stealth siRNAs.It seems possible to provide a new way for the treatment of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical characteristics and the way of discovery in early stage.Methods68 cases with asymptomatic pulmonary carcinoma living in Chongqing City who were discovered within health checkup were retrospectively analyzesed. ResultsThere were 62 males and 6 females,ages ranging from 28 to 78 years with an average of 52 years. In all patients,there were 56 cases (82.4%) with cigarette using history, 42 cases (61.8%) with family history of pulmonary carcinoma and 38 cases(55.9%) with cigarette using history and family history of pulmonary carcinoma. 65 cases (95.6%) were with peripheral type of lung cancer, 3 cases(4.4%) were with central type. Among these patients, 38 cases with adenocarcinoma ,18 cases with squamous carcinoma. There were 27 cases (39%) in Stage I, 38 cases(55.9%) in Stage II and 3 cases(4.4%) in Stage III. There were 43 cases (63.2%) without symptom while 25 cases(36.8%) with symptom of pulmonary carcinoma.ConclusionMost of patients with asymptomatic pulmonary carcinoma were middle-aged male and were adenocarcinoma or squamous carcinoma in cell type and had closed relationship with cigarette using history and family history.