Objective To investigate the feasibility,safety and surgical technique of treating type Ⅲ and Ⅳ hilar cholangiocarcinoma by laparoscopy.Methods Clinical data and surgical process of 6 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma in the Hunan Provincial People's Hospital between April 2015 and October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The operations were performed by total laparoscopy in all the patients.Surgical procedure included the basic operation type (gallbladder,hilar and common bile duct resection,lymph node dissection of hepatoduodenal ligament),combined with the resectionof liver,caudate lobe,and portal vein resection and reconstruction.The follow-up time ranged from 1 to 42 months.Results The operation time was 540 ～ 660 min,the blood loss was 300 ～ 500 ml.One case of biliary leakage occurred after operation and healed within 2 weeks after drainage.The patients were all discharged succesfully and still alive.Conclusions Laparoscopic radical resection of type Ⅲ and Ⅳ hilar cholangiocarcinoma is safe and feasible under adequate preoperative evaluation,reasonable case selection and rigorous surgical planning.The short-term efficacy of the patients was good.

Objective To explore the treatment experience and efficacy of precise surgery for hepatic caudate lobe involved lesions.Methods The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 127 patients with hepatic caudate lobe involved lesions who were admitted to Hunan Provincial People's Hospital between January 2012 and December 2016 were collected,including 71 of malignant tumors,52 of benign lesions and 4 of other diseases.Anatomical hepatectomy was performed in patients via left approach,right approach,anterior approach,left combined with right approach,left and right combined with anterior approach,left and right combined with para-liver hanging tape approach,anterior combined with left approach,retrograde approach according to their conditions.Observation indicators:(1) intraoperative and postoperative recovery situations;(2) follow-up and survival situations.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was done to detect postoperative survival of patients up to February 2018.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as (x)±s.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range).Kaplain-Meier method was used to calculate survival rate.Results (1) Intraoperative and postoperative recovery situations:all the 127 patients underwent successful operation without perioperative death,including 111 of open surgery and 16 of laparoscopic surgery.Of 127 patients,single total caudate lobectomy and partial caudate lobectomy were performed in 2 and 13 patients,single hepatic segmentectomy combined with total caudate lobectomy,double hepatic segmentectomy combined with total caudate lobectomy,hepatic trisegmentectomy combined with total caudate lobectomy,left hemitectomy combined with total caudate lobectomy,left hepatic trilobectomy combined with total caudate lobectomy,right hemitectomy combined with total caudate lobectomy,right hepatic trilobectomy combined with total caudate lobectomy were performed in 6,4,5,1,1,30,3 patients respectively,single hepatic segmentectomy combined with partial caudate lobectomy,double hepatic segmentectomy combined with partial caudate lobectomy,left hemitectomy combined with partial caudate lobectomy,left hepatic trilobectomy combined with partial caudate lobectomy,right hemitectomy combined with partial caudate lobectomy,right hepatic trilobectomy combined with partial caudate lobectomy were performed in 3,3,41,2,5,8 patients respectively,including 78 via left approach,29 via right approach,2 via anterior approach,7 via left combined with right approach,2 via left and right combined with anterior approach,6 via left and right combined with para-liver hanging tape approach,1 via anterior combined with left approach,2 via retrograde approach.The operation time,time of first hepatic hilum occlusion,volume of intraoperative blood loss and duration of postoperative hospital stay were 285 minutes (range,188-670 minutes),47 minutes(range,30-150 minutes),294 mL(range,20-2 500 mL) and 10 days (range,6-27 days) respectively.Thirty-four patients had postoperative complications,including 21 with abdominal ascites,20 with pleural effusion,6 with incisional infection,5 with hemorrhage,4 with bile leakage,2 with pulmonary infection (1 patient combined with multiple complications).One patient underwent reoperation after ineffective conservative treatment for hemorrhage within postoperative 24 hours and other 33 were cured by conservative treatment.(2) Follow-up and survival situations:of 127 patients,124 including 68 of malignant tumors and 56 of non-malignant tumors were followed up for 2-71 months with a median time of 33 months.During the follow-up,1-,3-,5-year overall survival rates were 83.1％,63.4％,22.5％ in 68 patients with malignant tumors,89.3％,71.4％,57.1％ in 28 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma and 76.9％,46.2％,23.1％ in 26 with hepatocellular carcinoma.All the 56 patients with non-malignant tumors survived well.Conclusions Anatomical hepatectomy using precise surgery is safe and feasible.Preoperative precise evaluation and surgical procedure design,intraoperative vascular control and surgical plane mastering are keys to success.