Objective To investigate the diagnostic value for rheumatoid arthritis(RA) by using combined detection of anti‐cy‐clic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti CCP ) ,anti keratin antibody (AKA ) and the antiperinuclear factor (APF ) in serum . Methods A total of 110 RA patients(RA group) ,50 patients with other autoimmune diseases(non RA group) and 110 healthy subjects (control group) were enrolled in the study .The concentrations of AKA ,APF were detected by using indirect immunofluo‐rescence assay and anti CCP by using ELISA .Results The positive rates of anti‐CCP ,AKA ,APF in RA group were higher than those in non RA group and control group(P<0 .05) .In the series detection of the three indicators ,the sensibility and specificity were 44 .55% and 99 .38% respectively ;in the parallel detection of the three indicators the sensibility and specificity were 93 .64%and 85 .63% respectively .Conclusion Anti CCP detection exhibits relatively higher sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of RA .Series detection of the 3 indicators can improve the specificity ,reduce the rate of misdiagnosis;parallel detection of the 3 indica‐tors can improve the sensitivity ,reduce the rate of misdiagnosis .The Combined detection of anti CCP ,AKA and APF has better di‐agnostic efficiency than single detection .

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic values of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA ) and colloidal gold im‐munochromatographic assay in detecting serum anti‐cyclic citrullinated peptide(anti‐CCP) antibody .Methods Colloidal gold immu‐nochromatographic assay and ELISA were used to detect serum anti‐CCP antibody in 110 RA patients and 110 healthy cases . Results The data were analysed with the paired Chi‐Square Test (χ2 = 174 .354 ,P < 0 .01) ,the difference was significant .The K ap pa value was 0 .890(P< 0 .01) ,indicating that the coincidence between the two kinds of methods was good .The sensitivity , speciality of ELISA were 83 .64% and 92 .73% respectively .Conclusion In detecting serum anti‐CCP Antibody ,there was dife‐rence between colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay and ELISA according to statistics analysis .The sensitivity and speciality of ELISA were higher than those of colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay .

Purpose To explore the association between ultrasound contrast agent injection volume as well as regurgitation and tubal patency. Methods SonoVue contrast agent was used for 515 cases of infertility transvaginal four-dimensional ultrasound imaging hysterosalpingography, recorded the amount of contrast agent injection, regurgitation, and compared contrast agent injection volume and regurgitation in different patency. Results The ultrasound contrast agent injection volume between bilateral patency with bilateral passable and one side patency one side passable as well as one side patency one side barrier, between one side patency one side passable and one side patency one side barrier had no significant difference (U=1467.0-4843.0, P>0.05);and it had statistical difference between any other two conditions (U=273.5-6160.0, P<0.05). The regurgitation between bilateral passable and bilateral barrier, one side passable one side barrier, between bilateral barrier and one side patency one side barrier, one side passable one side barrier, between one side patency one side passable and one side patency one side barrier had no statistical difference (U=949.5-6378.5, P>0.05), and it had statistical difference between any other two conditions (U=919.5-5126.5, P<0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound contrast agent injection volume and regurgitation in hysterosalpingography are associated with tubal patency, which can be used as objective indexes for assessing tubal patency, and provide basis for tubal patency.

Objective To access the diagnostic accuracy and clinical value of transvaginal real time three-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (RT-3D-HyCoSy) in evaluating the fallopian tube patency.Methods 428 infertile women were under went transvaginal RT-3D-HyCoSy and 32 of them were underwent laparoscopically salpingoraphy to evaluate the fallopian tube patency.Results 846 fallopian tubeswere studied by RT-3D-HyCoSy,271 of them were unobstructed,202 of them were obstructed,373 of them were partially passable.Compared with laparoscopically salpingography,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of transvaginal RT-3D HyCoSy were 84.0％,100％,87.5％ and 90.9％,respectively.The transvagianl RT-3D HyCoSy and the laparoscopy with a Cohen's Kappa was 0.788.Conclusions Transvagianl RT-3D HyCoSy could dynamic show the visualization of the course from uterus to distal tubal and the both ovary consecutively.It has more advantage in assessing the patency of tubal and distal tubal function.

OBJECTIVE:To study chemical compounds of Monoraphidium dybowskii,and to investigate the in vitro antibacte-rial and antioxidant activities of isolated compounds. METHODS:The ethanol extract of M. dybowskii were extracted with aether petrolei,ethyl acetate and n-butyl alcohol. The ethyl acetate extract was separated from M. dybowskii and chemical components were analyzed by sillica gel column chromatogram,HPLC and GC-MS. Their structures were identified according to physicochemi-cal properties and NMR. MIC of 4 isolated compounds to Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Candida albicans,Bacillus subtilis and Esche-richia coli were determined by resazurin disc test. Free radical scavenging rate(concluated by IC50)and reducing capacity were mea-sured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-diazanyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. RESULTS:Compounds 1-6 were obtained from E4 and E5 segments of ethyl acetate extract of M. dybowskii,and their structures were identified as stigmas-terol,diisonoyladipate,indole-3-carboxylic acid,(+)-epiloliolide,(-)-loliolide,5-hydroxy-3,4-dimethy-5-pentyl-2(5H)-furanone. MIC of compounds 3-6 were 10-500 μg/mL,and IC50 ranged 22.02-71.01 μg/mL;FRAP ranged (62.04 ± 5.36)-(281.22 ± 8.3) μmol/L. CONCLUSIONS:M. dybowskii contains multiple lipid and alkanoic acid,and possesses certain in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant activities.

Objective To investigate the relationship between polymorphism of IL-4-590C/T and susceptibility of asthma.Methods The case-control articles reporting the relationship between IL-4-590C/T polymorphism and susceptibility of asthma were collected by China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang data,VIP citation databases,Pubmed,Baidu Scholar,time limits are retrieved from the building a database to January 2016.The Meta-analysis software RevMan5.0 and Stata 12.0 was applied for heterogeneity test and pooled OR calculation.Results Seven case-control studies were selected,including 1 167 cases in the asthma group and 1 101 cases in the control group.Meta-analysis showed that both-590C/T polymorphisms genotypes were significantly associated with asthma,five kinds of senotypes OR(95％ CI) were CT+CC vs.TT[0.7 (0.57-0.85)],CC vs.CT+ TT [0.56(0.43-0.72)],CC vs.TT[0.46(0.33-0.64)],CC vs.CT[0.64(0.48-0.85)],C vs.T[0.45(0.27-0.77)].From subgroup analysis,genotype CC vs.CT+TT[0.50(0.35-0.72)],CC vs.TT[0.50(0.27-0.95)],CT vs.TT[0.61(0.41-0.92)],C vs.T[0.47 (0.23-0.95)] with risk correlated in Asian children asthma(P value is 0.01,0.04,0.02,0.03).Genotype CC vs.CT+TT[0.63(0.44-0.90)],CC vs.TT[0.49(0.25-0.96)],CC vs.CT[0.67(0.45-0.98)] also indicated a significant correlation between-590C/T polymorphisms of IL-4 and asthma in non-Asian children(P value is 0.01,0.04,0.04).Conclusion Current evidence suggests that the-590C/T polymorphism of IL-4 gene is associated with children asthma.

Objective:To analyze the progress of the contracting service model in community health centers in the typical areas in China, and provide empirical evidence for the hierarchical system targeted to make first contact and orderly dual transfer. Methods: Purposive sampling was adopted. Twelve community health centers in Beijing, Shanghai , Zhengzhou and Chengdu areas where the general practitioner model was conducted earlier and set to be the representative one, were selected as the field survey sites. A thematic framework analysis was used to describe the key factors around the contacting service model. Results:This model was developed around the following key factors:using the general practice team as the main service provider, taking the patients with chronic diseases as the main contracting groups and extending to their family members with the number of contracted ranging around 1500~2000 , freely providing both essential public health and medical services, fully using the family physician room as the con-tracting service platform and highlighting the actively serving concept, building the financial and non-financial incen-tives, health insurance benefits and green transfer mechanisms in order to efficiently guarantee the contracting service development. Conclusions: Based on the information platform, the contracting service model in the sample sites played a great role in the appointment and referral services development as well as the self-health management among residents, improving the relationship between physicians and patients, and promoting the formation of orderly health service pursuing pattern.

Objective:To study the amino acid and codon usage profile of HIV-1 Env gene in donors whose serum exhibit highly broad cross-neutralizing activity. Methods:The samples were divided into highly broad cross-neutralizing activity group (hBCN + group) and non-highly broad cross-neutralizing activity group (hBCN - group) based on whether the neutralization breadth was higher than 90% or not. Full-length Env genes were amplified by single genome amplification (SGA) method from patients′ plasma samples, and the characteristics of Env sequences in hBCN + group were compared with hBCN - group. The correspondence analysis (COA) on relative amino acid usage (RAAU), adaptability to host based on similarity index D( A, B) and relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) values of Env genes (hBCN + and hBCN -) with respect to human host RSCU were analyzed. Results:Correspondence analysis showed that the RAAU data of hBCN + group and hBCN - group were distributed along the two main axes to form two relatively separated clusters, indicating that the Env genes of the two groups had relatively unique amino acid usage patterns; the similarity index calculation results showed that hBCN + group (0.097) was lower than the hBCN - group (0.102), in addition, the Env gene of the hBCN + group had less frequency of similarly selected codons with human host system compared to hBCN - group. Conclusions:Env genes in hBCN + group and hBCN - group may have relatively unique amino acid usage patterns, and virus strains in hBCN + group are less adaptable to the host than those in hBCN - group.

ObjectiveTo investigate the regulatory effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Shufengxuanfeijiedu formula on Janus kinase signal transducer and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) of lung tissues in mice with influenza viral pneumonia.Methods According to random number table, 60 mice were randomly divided into six groups with 10 mice in each group: normal group (N), model group (M), Tamiflu control group (C) and low (SL), medium (SM), high dose (SH) Shufengxuanfeijiedu formula groups. The mouse model of influenza virus pneumonia was reproduced by dropping of 0.05 mL 4LD50 inflluenza virus FM1 strain which can be adapted to lung tissue into the nose; while the N received nose instillation of 0.05 mL normal saline. After successful modeling for 2 hours, distilled water was given orally (by lavage) to N and M; Duffy (oseltamivir) 2.5 g·mL-1·d-1 was administrated to C; the TCM SL, SM, SH were intragastrically administered with different doses of shufengxuanfeijiedu decoction into the corresponding groups respectively (the ingredients of prescription: chrysanthemum, mulberry leaf, almond, platycodon root, forsythia, bupleurum etc. forming granules), according to the suitable dose of granules used for human body surface, the dose used for mouse surface area was calculated, the high dose means the dose used in the medium dose group doubled, the low dose means 1/2 dose used in medium group, once a day, once 0.2 mL for consecutive 4 days. Afterwards, the lung tissues were collected, the mouse differential gene expressions related to JAK-STAT pathway were detected by gene chip technology, the standards for screening of differential gene expression were as follows: up-regulated gene was P < 0.05, and the log2ratio > 1; down-regulation gene wasP < 0.05, and log2ratio < -1. The levels in lung tissue kinase (JAK) andγinterferon (IFN-γ) mRNA expressions were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).Results Compared with those in N, the differential expression gene transcription activator, STAT5 [log2 (N/M) = 2.32], interleukin 4 receptor alpha subunit [IL4RA, log2 (N/M) = 4.77], interleukin 12 receptor [IL12R, log2 (N/M) = 1.58], JAK [log2 (N/M) = 2.41] were all obviously up-regulated, and IFN was significantly down-regulated [log2 (N/M) = -1.45] in M. Compared with those in M, C group IFN [log2 (C/M) = 1.51], various TCM dose groups [log2 (SL/M) = 1.46, log2 (SM/M) = 1.72, log2 (SH/M) = 1.40] differential expression gene IFN was significantly up-regulated, STAT5 [log2 (C/M) = -2.06, log2 (SL/M) = -1.41, log2 (SM/M) = -2.10, log2 (SH/M) = -1.89], IL4RA [log2 (C/M) = -2.52, log2 (SL/M) = -1.85, log2 (SM/M) = -2.74, log2 (SH/M) = -1.39), IL12R [log2 (C/M) = -1.48, log2 (SL/M) = -0.10, log2 (SM/M) = -1.58, log2 (SH/M) = -0.53], JAK [log2 (C/M) = -1.44, log2 (SL/M) = -0.88, log2 (SM/M) = -1.74, log2 (SH/M) = -0.53] were significantly down-regulated. In M, the JAK mRNA expression was obviously elevated (2-ΔΔCt: 3.17±0.94 vs. 1.01±0.13,P < 0.05), while the IFN-γ mRNA expression was decreased (2-ΔΔCt: 0.15±0.48 vs. 1.01±0.12,P < 0.05); compared with M, the JAK mRNA expressions in C, SM and SH groups were all obviously decreased (2-ΔΔCt: 2.02±0.63, 1.19±0.30, 1.59±0.67 vs. 3.17±0.94, allP < 0.05); while the IFN-γmRNA expressions in C, SL, SM and SH groups were elevated (2-ΔΔCt: 0.61±0.12, 0.41±0.13, 0.85±0.14, 0.78±0.20 vs. 0.15±0.48, allP < 0.05).Conclusions Shufengxuanfeijiedu formula can ameliorate the mice immune pathological injury of lung tissues induced by influenza virus by regulating JAK-STAT signal pathway and balancing Th1/2 via up-regulating the expression of IFN-γ.

Objective To research the clinical department distribution and drug resistance of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria to pro‐vide a theoretical basis for clinical rational use of antimicrobial drugs .Methods The Whonet 5 .6 software was adopted to conduct the retrospective analysis on Enterobacteriaceae bacteria isolated in the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University and the Af‐filiated Cardiovascular Disease Hospital from 2011 to 2013 .Results A total of 7 315 strains of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria were i‐solated ;the top three of bacteria were 2 971 strains (40 .6% ) of Escherichia coli ,2 339 strains (32 .0% ) of K lebsiella pneumoniae and 1 117 strains (15 .3% ) of Enterobacter cloacae ;in the source of specimen ,the respiratory tract specimens had the highest isola‐tion rate (46 .6% ,3 410 strains) ,followed by the pus and secretion specimens (13 .9% ,1 015 strains) ,and the urine specimens (13 .0% ,953 strains) ;the isolated bacterial strains were mainly derived from the pediatric department (17 .5% ,1 282 isolates) ,res‐piration department (7 .1% ,518 strains) and ICU (6 .4% ,468 strains) ;the highest sensitivity of antibacterial drugs were carbapen‐ems ,amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam also maintained a good antibacterial activity ,the resistance rate was 1 .3% - 7 .6% .Con‐clusion Enterobacteriaceae has a higher isolation rate in the clinical specimens and its resistance rates to antibacterial drugs are generally higher .The surveillance on bacterial drug resistance should be strengthened so as to provide a theoretical basis for the ra‐tional use of antimicrobial drugs and effective control of nosocomial infections .