1.A Comparative Study Between Cytomegalovirus Immunoglobulin M-Positive and CMV Immunoglobulin M-Negative Biliary Atresia in Infants Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh
Sharmin AKTER ; A S M Bazlul KARIM ; Md Wahiduzzaman MAZUMDER ; Md RUKUNUZZAMAN ; Khan Lamia NAHID ; Bishnu Pada DEY ; Maimuna SAYEED ; A Z M Raihanur RAHMAN ; Kaniz FATHEMA ; Mukesh KHADGA
Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition 2022;25(5):413-421
Purpose:
Perinatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection can lead to biliary atresia (BA) in different entities. This study aimed to compare the clinical, hematological, biochemical, and histological features of infants with BA based on their CMV immunoglobulin M (IgM) status at presentation.
Methods:
This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out between January 2019 and June 2020 at the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) in Dhaka. Forty-three patients with BA were selected purposively and categorized into either the CMV IgM-positive or CMV IgM-negative BA group. Categorical variables were compared using Fisher’s exact test and chi-square tests, while the Student’s t-test and Mann–Whitney U-test were used to compare continuous variables. For all statistical tests, a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results:
Thirty-three (76.7%) of the cases were between 2 and 3 months of age on admission.The clinical, hematological, and biochemical parameters did not differ significantly between the CMV IgM-positive and CMV IgM-negative BA groups. Most (50.0%) of the CMV IgMpositive cases had fibrosis stage F2, while 43.5% of the CMV IgM-negative cases had fibrosis stage F3, with no significant difference between the groups (p=0.391).
Conclusion
Our data shows no significant distinction between CMV IgM-positive and CMV IgM-negative BA, suggesting that CMV does not contribute to BA pathogenesis.
2.A cross-sectional study on nutritional status and dietary patterns of children with autism
Md. Nazrul Islam ; Farzana Sultana Bari ; Sampad Malakar Chayon ; Farhana Yesmin ; Sharmin Akter ; Salma Bintey Kashem
Malaysian Journal of Nutrition 2020;26(No.3):401-410
Introduction: Literature revealed that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders
(ASD) experience significantly more feeding problems and obesity compared to their
peers. This study was designed to investigate the nutritional status and dietary
patterns of children with autism in different age groups in Dhaka city, Bangladesh.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 193 individuals with
ASD. A questionnaire was used as a tool to collect information from the mother of
the respondents and anthropometric assessments were conducted by measuring
height and weight. The dietary patterns of the respondents were taken using a
food frequency questionnaire. Results: The age range of the participants were
between 3-18 years. It was found that 11.9%, 19.7% and 23.3% of the participants
were underweight, overweight and obese, respectively according to Body Mass
Index (BMI)-for-age. About 70% of the respondents had medium Individual Dietary
Diversity Score (IDDS). In addition, the association between IDDS and obesity
was significantly correlated (p=0.00). Individuals with ASD exhibited similar food
preferences across most age groups with little changes. Conclusion: Our study
figured out that the prevalence of overweight increased in accordance with age
among children with ASD. They have a tendency to prefer likeness and routine
in their diet, which expands the tendency to have an imbalanced diet. A dietary
guideline including seven food groups should be followed to improve their nutritional
status and dietary practices.