Objective To explore the expression and significance of ser(u)m IL-6,TNF-α,ICAM-1,pNF-H and NSE in patients with acute brain injury.Methods 100 patients with acute brain injury were selected and divided into different groups(mild injury,moderate injury,severe injury).The serum levels of IL-6,TNF-α,ICAM-1,pNF-H and NSE were detected.30 healthy persons were selected as healthy control group.Results The serum IL-6,TNF-α,ICAM-1,pNF-H and NSE levels in the patients were higher than those in the healthy control groups(all P＜0.05).The serum levels of them were increased steply with the order of severity(all P＜0.05).IL-6,TNF-α,ICAM-1 were positive correlated with pNF-H and NSE(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The serum levels of IL-6,TNF-α,ICAM-1,pNF-H and NSE were correlated with degree of injury severity.The measurement of them may contribute to predict the severity of brain injury.

Objective To explore the correlation between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS)and developing hypertension.Methods Clinical data of 124 OSAS patieats with high blood pressure were retrospectirely,and according to the degree of hypoxemia they weredivided into three groups,monitoring of the night and 7h polysomnography figure,compare each group,woke up blood pressure changes before bedtime.Results 124 patients with hypertension OSAS clinical manifestation:snoring 124 cases(100.0％),daytime sleepiness 74 cases(59.7％),wake up in the night to suppress 49 cases(39.5％),night apnea 39 cases(31.5％),woke up oppressed 26 patients (21.0％),since morning headache 19 patients(15.3％).OSAS merger hypertension,light,medium,heavy hypoxemia between groups of blood pressure,blood pressure after come before a statistically significant difference(P ＞0.05).Conclusion Hypoxia was associated with high blood pressure.

Samples of skeletal muscle in forearm were taken from 60 sites in each of 10 normal autopsy subjects (male 7, female 3) between 3 and 69 years of age. The distribution and composition of type I and type II fibers in the muscles of the forearm were studied by histochemical method for myofibrillar ATPase. The results showed that the mean percentage of type I fibers ranged between 45% to 59% in the muscles of the forearm. In general, the slow contracting fibers of the forearm muscles were slightly higer than 50%. In the flexors and extensors of the forearm the respective percentage of type I fibers were 49.8% and 55.3%. The slow contraction fibers of the extensors muscle group showed higher proportion of type I fibers than those of the flexor group and the difference is statistically significant (P

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases and public health problems. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) can rapidly, effectively and sustainably improve glycemic control in morbidly obese patients with T2DM. However, the mechanisms of glycemic control after RYGB are still unclear now. Duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) is an improved RYGB sparing intact stomach, which is mainly used to investigate the mechanisms of RYGB to treat T2DM. DJB has also been used to treat non-obese T2DM patients. In the present article, we review the results and mechanisms of DJB to treat T2DM on the basis of the previous studies to further elucidate the mechanisms of RYGB in the management of T2DM.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; surgery ; Duodenum ; surgery ; Gastric Bypass ; Humans ; Jejunum ; surgery

Objective:To identify latent classes of impulsivity among metabolic surgery patients based on latent class model and determine the relationship between the latent classes of impulsivity and anxiety and depression symptoms.Methods:The 272 obese patients (97 males and 175 females) undergoing metabolic surgery in the Department of Weight Loss and Metabolic of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from October 2021 to August 2022 were included. The average age was (30.50±6.70) years old and the average body mass index (BMI) was (42.54±6.97) kg/m 2. The survey contents included: demographic and sociological data; impulsivity; anxiety symptoms; depression symptoms. The latent profile analysis (LPA) of impulsivity among metabolic surgery patients was conducted using Mplus 8.3. The comparison of anxiety and depression between different latent classes was analyzed by the binary logistic regression analysis using SPSS 25.0. Results:The research subjects in terms of impulsivity were divided into 3 latent classes: "low impulsivity group" accounted for 32.7%; "high impulsivity group" accounted for 51.8%; "high sensation seeking/positive urgency/negative urgency group" accounted for 15.4%. The binary logistic regression analysis results showed that taking "low impulsivity group" for reference, the risk of positive anxiety and depression was 2.06 ( OR=2.06, 95% CI: 1.08-3.93) and 4.13 ( OR=4.13, 95% CI: 2.17-7.87) times higher for "high impulsivity group" patients than for "low impulsivity group" patients; the risk of positive anxiety and depression was 3.25 ( OR=3.25, 95% CI: 1.42-7.44) and 4.16 ( OR=4.16, 95% CI: 1.82-9.50) times higher for "high sensation seeking/positive urgency/negative urgency group" patients than for "low impulsivity group" patients. Conclusions:The impulsivity of metabolic surgery patients showed obvious heterogeneity and could be divided into 3 types: "low impulsivity group" , "high impulsivity group" , and "high sensation seeking/positive urgency/negative urgency group" . Compared with "low impulsivity group" , "high impulsivity group" and "high sensation seeking/positive urgency/negative urgency group" metabolic surgery patients are most likely to develop anxiety and depressive symptoms.

In order to train professionals in medical laboratory technology who are directly engaged in medical examination and medical laboratory work and who have strong practical ability and can adapt to the development of precision medicine, the reform of precise teaching for experiment is implemented. Through the precise stratification of experimental projects and knowledge points, the design of precise teaching activity and the construction of precise evaluation system for experiments, guided by precision medicine during the experimental process, the standardization and precision training of basic skills for students are strengthened in clinical laboratory test. The students can more well adapt to the needs of society for technical and innovative talent in the new period. The precise teaching for experiment will become one of the main characteristics of medical laboratory technology education in our school.

Objective:To investigate the effects of ginkgolide B on neurological function recovery and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway after ischemic stroke in mice.Methods:Fifty-five C57/BL6 mice were selected, of which 10 mice were kept as the sham group and the remaining 45 mice were constructed as the ischemic stroke model. There were 40 mice who finally completed the modeling, and then they were randomly divided into the blank control group (GB0w), short-course administration group (GB1w), long-term administration group (GB2w), and long-term administration+antagonist group (GB2w+PRI-724), with 10 mice in each group. There was no drug intervention after MCAO in GB0w. The mice in GB1w were given ginkgolide B (10 mg/kg) 0.1 ml within 1 week after MCAO; in GB2w were given ginkgolide B (10 mg/kg) 0.1 ml within 2 weeks after MCAO; and in GB2w+PRI-724 were nasally fed ginkgolide B (10 mg/kg) 0.1 ml within 2 weeks after MCAO; and selective antagonist PRI-724 was given 3 h before administration of ginkgolide B on days 8 to 14. Neurological function scores, walking on rotor bar test scores, expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Wnt, β-catenin, and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) were compared among the groups.Results:Compared with the sham group, the expressions of MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, FGF4, and GSK-3β in GB0w, GB1w, GB2w, and GB2w+ PRI-724 were increased, and the expressions of GSH-Px, SOD, TGF-β1, β-catenin, and Wnt were decreased (all P < 0.001). Compared with GB0w, the expressions of SOD, GSH-Px, TGF-β1, Wnt, and β-catenin were increased in GB1w, GB2w, and GB2w+PRI-724, and the expressions of MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, FGF4, and GSK-3β were decreased (all P < 0.001). Compared with GB1w, the expressions of GSH-Px, SOD, TGF-β 1, Wnt, and β-catenin were increased in GB2w and GB2w+PRI-724, and the expressions of IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, FGF4, and GSK-3β were decreased (all P < 0.001). Compared with GB2w, the neural function score, walking on the stick test score, and expressions of IL-6, TNF-α, FGF4, MDA, and GSK-3β were increased in GB2w+PRI-724, while the expressions of GSH-Px, TGF-β1, SOD, Wnt, and β-catenin were decreased (all P < 0.001). Conclusions:Ginkgolide B can effectively improve the neurological function of ischemic stroke mice and may be related to the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

ObjectiveTo investigate the regulatory effects of Ginkgolide B on the biological characteristics of brain T cells and their interactions with glial cells during the recovery phase of ischemic stroke in mice. Methods36 adult C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to three groups: sham-operated group (Sham group), control group (PBS group), and Ginkgolide B treatment group (GB group). The Sham group underwent only sham surgeries, whereas the PBS and GB groups were subjected to a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model using the filament method, followed by intranasal administration of an equivalent volume of either PBS or Ginkgolide B solution for 14 days post-injury. Neurological function changes were evaluated in all three groups using the rotarod test and a neurological scoring system. On day 15, single-cell sequencing was performed on fresh tissues from the brain injury areas, surrounding cortex, corpus callosum, and striatum of mice in the PBS and GB group to assess the biological characteristics of T cells and their subpopulations, and further explore the interactions and mechanisms among T cells, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. ResultsCompared with the Sham group, both PBS and GB group exhibited significant improvements in neurological scores and reduced pre-fall motor durations (P < 0.001). Compared with the PBS group, the GB group showed a downward trend in neurological scores and an upward trend in pre-fall motor durations on days 5, 10, and 15 post-ischemic brain injury, with a significant increase in pre-fall motor duration on day 15 (P < 0.05). Compared with the PBS group, the GB group exhibited a significant increase in T cell proliferative activity in the brain 15 days post brain injury (P < 0.05). The number of proliferative T cells and the levels of lipid metabolism were significantly elevated (P < 0.05), and there was a significant increase in extracellular matrix remodeling in all T cells (P < 0.05). Additionally, the interactions between T cells and both microglia and oligodendrocytes, as well as among the microglia themselves and between microglia and oligodendrocytes, were significantly enhanced in the GB group. This was primarily evident in the strengthened interactions between CD74 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), as well as colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) and colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) (P < 0.05). However, the inflammatory levels of T cells showed no significant differences compared with the PBS group. ConclusionA mouse model of ischemic stroke can be successfully established by MCAO operation. Ginkgolide B may promote neurological recovery post-brain injury in mice by modulating the biological characteristics of T cells within the brain and their interactions with glial cells.

BACKGROUNDBariatric surgery offers a productive resolution of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The development of T2DM vasculopathy is due to chronic inflammation, which increases matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) expression. This study sought to examine MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expression in the thoracic aorta after duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) surgery on a T2DM rat model induced by a high-fat diet and low dose streptozotocin (STZ).

METHODSTwenty-one T2DM Wistar rats induced by high-fat diet and low dose STZ were randomly divided into DJB and sham duodenal-jejunal bypass (S-DJB) groups. Ten Wistar rats were fed a normal diet as a control. Recovery of gastrointestinal function post-operation and resumption of a normal diet completed the experiment. Body weight, blood glucose, blood lipid levels, and MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expression levels in aortic endothelial cells were measured throughout.

RESULTSDJB rats showed significant weight loss 2 weeks post-operation compared with S-DJB rats. After surgery, DJB rats showed significant improvement and steady glycemic control with improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. They also exhibited improved lipid metabolism with a decrease in fasting free fatty acids (FFAs) and triglycerides (all P < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed decreased MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expression 12 weeks after surgery (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSDJB surgery on an induced T2DM rat model improves blood glucose levels and lipids, following a high-fat diet and low dose STZ treatment. In addition, DJB decreased MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expression in vascular endothelial cells, which may play an important role in delaying the development of T2DM vascular disease.

Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic ; metabolism ; Bariatric Surgery ; Body Weight ; physiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; enzymology ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Rats