Objective To observe the effect of rehabilitation training on fine motor in children with Down syndrome. Methods 30 children with Down syndrome accepted rehabilitation training for 3.1~4.6 months. They were assessed with fine motor function in Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (PDMS-FM) before and after treatment. Results The scores of fine motor quotients, grasping and visual-motor integration improved after treatment(P<0.05). Conclusion Rehabilitation can improve the fine motor in children with Down syndrome.

The facile and efficient synthetic route for Ag dendritic nanostructures on Indium tin oxide ( ITO) via electrodeposition was reported. The results showed that the Raman intensities of rhodamine 6G ( R6G) decreased with decreasing the loading concentration, and even at a low concentration of 10-10 mol/L, the signatures of R6G in Raman spectrum were still clearly observed. It indicated that the Ag dendritic nanostructures exhibited high surface-enhanced Raman scattering ( SERS) sensitivity. Moreover, the relative standard deviation ( RSD ) of band at 610 cm-1 was calculated to be 12 . 1%, 12 . 0%, 11 . 7%, 10 . 9%, 13. 2% and 14. 3%, respectively, corresponding with the concentration of R6G from 10-5 mol/L to 10-10 mol/L, which revealed that the Ag dendritic nanostructures could provide abundant hot spots and exhibited excellent reproducibility. In addition, the SERS spectrum of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3MPA) also could be detected when its concentration was 10-5 mol/L. This method offers an easy and low-cost way to prepare Ag dendritic substrates and makes SERS detection more practicable.

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)in recent years is a new disease detection methods basedon molecular biology level.It has the advantage of sensitive,specific,trace,simple,fast,but in the operation due to multiple factors,quality control is not easy to control.Especially in the first stage of quality control,it engages alot of operations and is weakest stage such needs most concern.It is necessary and important to have a good quality control;it not only improve the reliability and accu-racy of PCR testing,treatment of molecular biology,the professional level of work staff,but also reduce patient disputes and increase technology access,acceptance of the PCR laboratory.In this paper,the author from the factors which influence the first stage of PCR:whether correctly fill PCR test application form,patient preparation,handling,transportation,storage of good sample,unqualified specimen rejection,the requirement of laboratory technicians,calibration and maintenance on the in-struments;quality check on reagents,consumables quality inspection,standard operating procedures (SOP)writing,and la-boratory safety.Hope this paper can do a good reference for other same profession.

Objective To study the effects of sensitized dendritic cells in the treatment of bladder tumor and further discuss the mechanism of this immunotherapy. Methods 44 female F344 rats, which irrigated N-methyl-N-nitrosourea into bladders every other week for a total of five doses, were induced to bladder tumor. They were treated subcutaneously with either PBS, unsensitized DC, freeze thawing supernatant of tumor cells, or sensitized DC respectively every week for a total of four times. In the fifteenth week, their bladders were weighted and harvested for observation by naked eye and microscope, their blood was harvested for examination CTL by FCM. Results The weight of bladders in sensitized DC group was lower than those in PBS group, unsensitized DC group and freeze thawing supernatant of bladder tumor cells group (P<0.05). The stages of bladder tumor in sensitized DC group were statistically descended compared with those in PBS group (P <0.05). The CD+3 T cells in sensitized DC group was lower than those in PBS group, unsensitized DC group and freeze thawing supernatant of bladder tumor cells group (P <0.05). The CD+3 CD+8 CD+28 T cells in sensitized DC group was higher than those in PBS group, unsensitized DC group and freeze thawing supematant of bladder tumor cells group(P <0.001). Conclusion Sensitized DC injecting subcutaneously can reduce the stages of F344 rats' bladder tumor, Unsensitized DC injecting subcutaneously has not effect in the treatment of bladder tumor;, while the effect of freeze thawing supematant of tumor cells injecting subcutaneously is not well. The mechanism of sensitized DC in the treatment of blader tumor is that DC plays an immunol killing role by presenting antigen, stimulating CTL.

Objective: To observe hypoglycemic effects of Yunu Decoction, Zuogui Pill and Shenqi Pill, three compound traditional Chinese herbal medicines, in treatment of diabetes mellitus induced by alloxan in rats, and to compare the therapeutic effects among the three recipes for nourishing yin, clearing away heat, and nourishing yin and warming yang. Methods: Diabetes mellitus was induced in rats with alloxan at a dose of 60 mg/kg via tail vain injection. The diabetic rats were randomly divided into four groups: alloxan model group, Yunu Decoction-treated group, Zuogui Pill-treated group and Shenqi Pill-treated group. Rats in the three recipe groups were administered intragastrically with water extraction of Yunu Decoction, Zuogui Pill, and Shenqi Pill accordingly for 10 days. Then the level of blood glucose was measured by glucose oxidase method and the glucose tolerance was determined. Results: Compared with the normal rats, blood glucose level in the alloxan model group was obviously increased (P<0.05). Glucose levels in the three recipe groups were obviously decreased as compared with the alloxan model group (P<0.05), and glucose level in the Yunu Decoction-treated group after treatment was significant lower than before treatment (P<0.05). The glucose tolerance test indicated that rats in the alloxan model and three recipe groups revealed impaired glucose tolerance as compared with the normal rats, and there were no significant differences between the alloxan model group and the three recipe groups. Conclusion: Yunu Decoction, Zuogui Pill and Shenqi Pill can effectively decrease the glucose level of the rats with diabetes mellitus induced by alloxan, and Yunu Decoction showed the best therapeutic effects. The glucose tolerance test shows that the three recipes cannot correct the abnormal metabolism of glucose.

Cerebral ischemia is one of the most common diseases treated by acupuncture therapeutics. Recent studies indicated that acupuncture treatment by needling the conception and governor vessels had positive effects in promoting neural regeneration in patients after cerebral ischemia injury. Acupuncture intervention could continuously promote the proliferation and differentiation of the neural stem cells in the brain, obviously up-regulate expression of growth factors, accelerate angiogenesis and inhibit apoptosis. Hence, it is necessary to present an exhaustive review on the mechanisms. The present review gives a detailed description of pathological changes of cerebral ischemia and acupuncture intervention applied to the conception and governor vessels, and proposes research prospects in the future.

目的探讨康复患者使用经外周置入中心静脉导管(PICC)的可行性。方法对康复组16例住院患者行PICC,并与非康复组行PICC的12例患者进行对照观察,分别观察留管时间、局部症状、全身症状等。结果康复组与非康复组的留管时间、局部症状、全身症状无显著性差异。结论康复治疗活动对PICC的留管时间等无影响,PICC对康复治疗也无影响,进行康复治疗的患者可行PICC。

Objective To study the effect of high-flow oxygen insuffiation (HFOI) via nasal cannula in reduction in re-intubation rate,length of ICU stay and improvement of respiratory function in patients at high risk of re-intubation after weaning from mechanical ventilation assessed by lung ultrasound score (LUS).Methods Single center randomized(random number) clinical trial was carried out in one intensive care units in China from May 2016 to May 2017 including critically ill patients ready for planned extubation with high-risk factors for re-intubation assessed by LUS when the LUS ≥ 14 was considered to be high risk.The comparisons of the length of ICU stay,re-intubation rate in case of respiratory failure,respiratory rate pulse rate SaO2 PaO2/FiO2 of patients at 6 h,24 h and 48 hours after extubation were made between HFOI and conventional oxygen therapy (COT) group.Results During the study period,32 patients were enrolled in the study.Of them,15 were assigned in HFOI group and 17 in COT group.The length of ICU stay (8.0±2.4)days vs.(10.9±3.5) days and re-intubation rate (6.7％ vs.23.5％) were significantly different between two groups (P＜0.05).The respiratory rate pulse rate SaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 of patients at 6 h after ex-tubation in HFOI group were improved than those in COT group (P＜0.05);and the SaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 of patients 24 h and 48 h after ex-tubation in HFOI group had much more improvement than those in COT group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Among high-risk adults who assessed by lung ultrasound score,high-flow oxygen therapy could reduce re-intubation rate length of ICU stay and improve the respiratory function.High-flow oxygen therapy may offer advantages for these patients.

Objective:To explore the application value of ultrasound in the early noninvasive monitoring of acute compartment syndrome model, and to provide reference for further clinical applications.Methods:This was a prospective self-controlled study. A model of healthy volunteers with acute compartment syndrome was established by cuff compression. The random method was used to determine the experimental side and the control side. The experimental side cuff was given 0, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 mmHg pressure in sequence, while the control side cuff was kept uncompressed at all times. Each pressure on the experimental side lasted for 5 min, during which the ultrasound was used to measure the blood flow waveform and vascular structure of the bilateral popliteal artery, popliteal vein and dorsal plantar artery. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance and multivariate analysis of variance.Results:The study included 25 healthy volunteers. There was no statistically significant difference in calf circumference and anterior tibial compartment thickness ( P = 0.314 and 0.678). During compression, the volunteers' heart rate and blood pressure were stable ( P = 0.235 and 0.358). On the experimental side, the maximum blood flow velocity of the popliteal artery during systole increased with the increase of pressure ( P<0.001), and the minimum blood flow velocity of the popliteal artery increased with the increase of pressure ( P<0.001). When pressurized by 30 mmHg, the maximum blood flow velocity of the popliteal artery on the experimental side was significantly higher than that on the control side [(73 ± 19) cm/s vs (59 ± 14) cm/s, P=0.023)]. When pressurized by 20 mmHg, the minimum blood flow velocity of the popliteal artery on the experimental side was significantly higher than that on the control side [(-28 ± 8) cm/s vs (-22 ± 6) cm/s, P=0.012)]. With the increase of pressure, the diastolic retrograde arterial flow ratio of the experimental side gradually increased ( P <0.001), and when the pressure was increased by 20 mmHg, the diastolic retrograde arterial flow ratio of the experimental side of the popliteal artery increased significantly [(0.42 ± 0.14) cm/s vs (0.30 ± 0.12) cm/s, P=0.009)]. The systolic prograde arterial flow ratio of the dorsal artery in the experimental side decreased with the increase of pressure ( P = 0.024). Conclusions:Increased limb compartment pressure can significantly change the arterial flow waveform of the proximal and distal arteries, and ultrasound can be used as an early monitoring tool for acute compartment syndrome.

Objective:To investigate the alterations of amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and functional connectivity (FC) in patients with Parkinson′s disease (PD) with apathy.Methods:From May 2016 to August 2019, PD patients and age-, gender-and education level-matched healthy controls (HC) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were prospectively recruited. The clinical and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data of PD patients and HC were analyzed. According to the Starkstein Apathy Scale (SAS) scores, PD patients were divided into PD with apathy (PD-A) group and PD without apathy (PD-NA) group. Rs-fMRI images were processed by DPABI based on MATLAB. ALFF values were calculated and the standard ALFF (zALFF) were obtained. ANOVA and Post-Hoc t test were performed to compare the differences in local brain activity among the three groups. The brain regions with significant different zALFF values were selected as the seeds to calculate the FC values of the whole brain. The associations between FC values and the SAS scores were performed using pearson correlation analyses. Results:A total of 75 PD patients (50 males, 25 females, aged from 44 to 88 years) and 41 HC (25 males, 16 females, aged from 54 to 72 years) were enrolled. There were 42 patients in the PD-A group and 33 patients in the PD-NA group. Significant differences were found in zALFF values among the PD-A, PD-NA and HC groups ( P<0.05). After Post-Hoc t test, compared with the HC group, zALFF values were significantly increased in the right middle frontal gyrus in the PD-A group ( P<0.05) and significantly decreased in the left precuneus in the PD-NA group; The zALFF values of the right middle frontal gyrus and left precuneus in the PD-A group were significantly higher than those in PD-NA group ( P<0.05). Brain regions with different zALFF values were used as seeds for whole-brain FC. Compared with PD-NA group, FC values between the right middle frontal gyrus and bilateral precuneus, left superior frontal gyrus and its medial side, left middle frontal gyrus, left angular, left anterior cingulate gyrus, left posterior cingulate gyrus, left parahippocampal gyrus were significantly decreased in the PD-A group ( P<0.05). Additionally, FC values of PD patients between the right middle frontal gyrus with the left precuneus, the left superior frontal gyrus and its medial side, and the left middle frontal gyrus were negatively correlated with SAS scores ( r=-0.31, -0.30 and -0.34, both P<0.05). Conclusion:PD-A and PD-NA patients have different brain functional activities and connections in the frontal lobe, parietal lobe and limbic system, suggesting that apathy in PD may be associated with the abnormal functional connections of the frontal-parietal cortical circuit and the frontal-limbic-striatal loop.