Objective To explore the possibility of ototoxicity of aminoglycosides on neonatal guinea pigs of different age groups (including premature) receiving amikacin with therapeutic doses. Methods Amikacin was injected intramuscularly with a dose of 65 mg/kg once a day for 14 days in neonatal, infant, and adult groups with 48 guinea pigs each, and 15 in premature group. 5~8 guinea pigs in each group were sacrificed for histological examination of cochlea with microscopy and scanning electron microscopy on the 3 rd, 5 th, 7 th, 10 th and 14 th day, as well the 28 th, 60 th day. There were 6 guinea pigs in each age group for control. Results Many stereocilia were lain down or disappeared as early as the 3 rd day and outer hair cells were absent on the 5 th day in either premature or neonatal group. The numbers of absent hair cells in neonatal group were more than those in infant and adult groups after the 7 th day ( P

Podcast,a versatile web-based technology,has been widely employed in international nursing education.In China,however,it is only applied based on its video-related function.The other functions,such as subscribing,participating,mobile,and sharing learning option have not been fully exploited.The studies on application of podcast demonstrate that it can excite the learning interest,alleviate stress and anxiety,and enhance the preclinical educational experience.Moreover,it facilitates the self-study ability.Therefore the podcast is expected to be applied more widely in the domestic nursing education.

AIM: To investigate the influence of diethylstilbestrol on metabolism and antioxidative functions in old castrated female rats in order to elucidate the physiological and pharmacological effects of estrogen therapy in climacteric. METHODS: The old female rats had been castrated, liver drug-metabolizing enzyme activities and antioxidative indexes were measured in rats treated with and without diethylstilbestrol (100 ?g?kg -1 , qd?40 d, ig). RESULTS: The activities of microsomal NADPH-Cyt C reductase, benzphetamine N-demethylase, aminopyrine N-demethylase, glutathione S-transferase, and the contents of microsomal cytochrome P450, cytochrome b_5 and homogenate glutathione remarkable decreased in the liver of castrated female rats. Meanwhile, an increase of liver malondialdehyde content was also observed. Treatment with diethylstilbestrol could reverse the changes of above indices except for cytochrome b_5. CONCLUSION: The decreased metabolism and antioxidative functions are related to the lower level of estrogen in old castrated female rats. Estrogen plays a significant role in keeping normal metabolism and antioxidative capacities of the liver.

The examination question database on Nutrition and Food Hygiene was set up and applied to reduce the effects of subjective factors on test efficacy.The test items of noun explanation,brief answer and discussion were compiled in the form of Microsoft Excel.Then the items were classified by Excel filtration function and a test paper was created by random sampling from the database.It reduces teachers' burden of making test questions and increases objectivity of test questions,which has achieved good results in teaching.

Background Magnetic activated cell sorting(MACS)is a new immunomagnetic separation technique.It's principle is based on the specialized recognition between the antibody and antigen.When directed or indirected coupled with the 50 nm magnetic beads,the antibody can linked with the cells which express the corresponding antigen,and then leads to the magnetic cell separation in a high intensity and high-gradient magnetic field.The method has higher separative purity and recovery and been made use of enriching tumor cells and tumor stem cells.It could be also utilized to enrich the rare tumor cells in fluid specimen.Objective To evaluate the enriching efficiency of detecting free cancer cells in analogue malignant ascites using MACS and a panel of tumor-specific markers.Methods Five species of tumor cell lines correlated to the diseases resulting in malignant ascites were selected and the expressions of EpCAM,CAl25,CEA,TAG-72 and their mixture in these tumor cell lines were detected using immunofluorescence reactions and flow cytometry(FCM).The tumor cells were spiked into mononuclear cells by different ratios to analogue the main ingredients of malignant ascites.The efficiency of MACS combinded with mixture antibodies in separating tumor cells was compared with single antibody.Results The FCM revealed that the expression of the mixture antibodies in 5 tumor cancer cell lines was significantly higher than that in single antibody.The mean recovery rates of spiked tumor cells were enhanced by using a panel of monoclonal antibodies combined with MACS than single antibody,especially in two gastric cancer cells and colon cancer cells(69.18%±20.84%VS 45.23%±11.54%,78.75%±15.42%vs 59.73%±16.64%and 85.63%±12.30%VS 76.88%±8.65%,respectively),the ovarian cancer cells was the next(32.49%±3.58%vs31.79%±4.82%),and the liver cancer cells was the lowest(11.78%±0.43%VS 7.16%±0.46%).Conclusions The detection of free cancer cells from malignant ascites by MACS combined with a panel of monoelonal antibodies is more effectively than single antibody.The method has the potencial value of clinical application to the malignant ascites caused by gastroenteric tumor.

Objective To compare the impacts of right ventricular outflow tract pacing and right ventricular apical pacing on short-term cardiac function, QRS duration and pacing parameters in children undergoing VVI pacemaker therapy. Methods The clinical data of 38 children undergoing VVI pacemaker treatment in our department from July 2006 to November 2013 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed to make grouping: 22 with right ventricular outflow tract pacing based on the operational records were assigned in one group and 16 with right ventricular apical pacing as the other group. The two groups were compared in terms of cardiac function indexes , QRS complex width and intra- and post- operative parameters of the implanted pacemakers. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in pre-and post-operative cardiac function indexes , intra- and post-operative difference in pacing thresholds, pacing wire impedance and R-wave amplitude. The pre-and post-operative QRS duration [(134.95 ± 12.86)ms vs.(147.44 ± 22.35)ms, t=1.35, P=0.01] was statistically significant between the groups. Conclusion The right ventricular outflow tract pacing for children patients is safe and feasible. Although the two pacing approaches achieved lengthened duration of QRS, the right ventricular outflow tract pacing is more effective in lengthening the duration of QRS.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of heparanase antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS-ODN) on the invasiveness of human liver cancer cell lines SMMC-7721,BEL-7402 in vitro. Methods We designed and synthesized AS-ODN that was complementary to the start codon region of heparanase mRNA,and the control,nonsense oligodeoxynucleotide (NS-ODN). The ODNs with the final concentration of 300 nmol/L was delivered into SMMC-7721,BEL-7402 cells by Oligofectamine TM Reagent. We evaluated heparanase gene expression using RT-PCR and detected heparanase protein expression using Western blot assay after transfection. Cell invasiveness was measured by Matrigel invasion assay.Results The result showed that heparanase gene expression,protein expression and invasiveness in AS-ODN group decreased significantly as compared with control groups( P

Objective:To understand general hospital medical staff status quo and characteristics of blood -borne occupational exposure , analysis its ethics factor , to make the prevention countermeasures of blood -borne oc-cupational exposure to provide scientific basis .Methods:From January 2013 to December floor all the medical staff of blood -borne occupational exposure cases were retrospectively analyzed .Results:A total of 101 medical staff blood-borne occupational exposure , which is given priority to with the nurse , accounted for 60 .40%;More con-centrated in under 30 employees, accounted for 70.29%;Occupational exposure personnel distribution in the ma-jority with surgical department (42.57%), followed by the physician (36.63%);Wards (60.40%), the operat-ing room (15.84%) and therapy (11.88%) are the sites of occupational exposure often happen;Sharp injury in the composition of the ratio of 87.12%, in the first place, in which a proportion (23.76%), pull out the needle (18.81%) and blood (15.84%), surgical suture (14.85%) and transfusion injection (13.86%) as the sharp injury of frequent occurrence of occupational exposure;Exposure is given priority to with hepatitis b ( 61 .38%) . Conclusion:Medical staff blood-borne occupational exposure risk is high , the hospital infection control personnel must pay attention to occupational exposure of the whole education , strengthen the administration of the occupation-al exposure of ethics , reduce the risk of occupational exposure and injury .

Objective To investigate the whole genomic expression profiles of chronic atrophic gastritis with interleukin(IL)-1β-31CC/-511TT genotype as measured by oligonucleotide microarray technique.Methods Genomic RNA was extracted from gastric biopsies of 12 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis(6 with IL-1β-31CC/-511TT and 6 with IL-1β-31TT/-511CC).The genomic profiles of IL-1β gene polymorphisms 31CC/-511TT and 31TT/-511CC were compared and tested for differential expressed genes associated with 31CC/-511TT using Agilent human whole genomic oligonucleotide microarrays.The results were further analyzed in terms of gene ontology(GO).Results There were 200 differentially expressed genes associated with IL-1β-31CC/-511TT,159 of which were up-regulated and 41 were down-regulated.These genes mainly involved in macromolecule metabolic process,post-translational protein modification,ubiquitin cycle,and protein kinase cascade.Five genes had biological activities,one of which was down-regulated gene(PCSK5)and 4 were upregulated genes(PRKCA,NPLOC4,TRIB3 and MAPKAPK3).Conclusions The chronic atrophic gastritis with IL-1β-31CC/-511TT genotype has molecular phenotypes which is associated with malignance and inflammation.These individuals are needed more intensive preemptive treatment and dynamic surveillance.

BACKGROUND: Human allogenic acellular dermal matrix, as a kind of permanent dermal scaffold, has widely used in the fields of burn wound reparation and aesthetic medicine. However, it is limited due to insufficient resources. OBJECTIVE: To prepare porcine acellular dermal matrix (PADM) dermal matrix, in addition, to estimate its in vitro biocompatibility. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An in vitro cytology contrast experiment. The Experiment was performed at the laboratory of Biomaterials and Pharmacy Technology Institute, China Institute for Radiation Protection between August 2007 and June 2008. MATERIALS: The experiment pigs were supplied by experimental animal center of China Institute for Radiation Protection. Human fibroblasts were obtained from prepuce tissues of healthy children who underwent circumcision at the Shanxi Provincial General Hospital, Chinese People's Armed Police Forces. METHODS: The PADM was prepared from porcine skin by removing epidermis with a hypertonic salt solution and excluding cellular components in dermis with sodium dodecyl sulfate, and trypsin in hypersonic conditions. Human fibroblasts were cultured in vitro, and the biocompatibility of PADM was estimated with MTT method and contact method. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Histological morphology of PADM. ②In vitro biocompatibility of PADM. RESULTS: The prepared PADM was a kind of matrix with normal structure and organization of collagen without epidermis and any cellular components in the dermis. The extraction of the porcine acellular dermal matrix had no effect on proliferation of the cultured human fibroblast. The cultured human fibroblasts could attach and proliferate on PADM. CONCLUSION: The PADM effectively removed epidermis and all cellular components with excellent biocompatibility can be obtained by this preparation method.