【Objective】 To establish preliminary diagnostic criteria of spleen-stomach damp-heat syndrome (SDS) in chronic superficial gastritis (CSG) by disease-syndrome combined differentiation method and modern epidemiological method. 【Methods】 A clinical questionnaire of SDS in CSG was drafted out based on literatures study and experts' survey. Questionnaire investigation was performed in 146 cases of CSG, which consisted of 81 SDS cases and 65 nonSDS cases. Mter the investigation, discriminant analysis was adopted to set up the discriminant functional equations and to perform frequency analysis. According to the results, the diagnostic criteria and the simplified diagnostic criteria of SDS in CSG were established. 【Results】 The preliminary diagnostic criteria of SDS in CSG were as follows: (1) the major symptoms were characterized as yellow and greasy tongue fur, fullness or distension or pain in the stomach, loose stool and poor appetite; (2) the secondary symptoms were characterized as bitter taste and sticky mouth, chest depression, thirst but unwilling to drink, fatigue and nausea; (3) diagnosis could be confirmed by the existence of yellow and greasy tongue fur accompanied by either 2 of the other major symptoms, or by either 1 of the other major and 2 of the secondary symptoms, or by more than 3 of the secondary symptoms. The simplified diagnostic criteria were characterized the co-existence of yellow and greasy tongue fur and fullness or distension or pain in the stomach. 【Conclusion】 The preliminary diagnostic criteria of SDS in CSG are scientific, objective and practicable to some extent.

The relationship between glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) M1, T1 genotype and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was investigated. GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes in genomic DNA from 67 children with ALL and 146 healthy controls were analyzed by using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The frequencies of GSTM1, M1-T1 null genotypes in ALL children were significantly higher than in the healthy controls (76.12% versus 52.74%, OR=2.856, P<0.001; 50.74% versus 24.66%, OR=3.148, P<0.001, respectively). However, there was no significant relationship between GSTT1 null genotype and ALL of children (61.19% versus 49.32%, OR=1.621, P>0.05). It was suggested that GSTM1 null genotype might be a risk genotype of childhood ALL, while there as no correlation between GSTT1 null genotype and childhood ALL.
Genotype ; Glutathione Transferase/*genetics ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Acute/*genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic/*genetics

In order to investigate the levels of stem cell factor (SCF) and its receptor c-kit protein and mRNA in pediatric aplastic anemia (AA) and their relevance to the pathogenesis, immunocytochemical and in situ hybridization were utilized to detect the expression of SCF and its receptor c-kit gene protein and mRNA, respectively in 59 children with AA and 51 normal controls. The relationship between SCF and c-kit and the pathogenesis of AA was analyzed subsequently. The results showed that the positive rate of SCF protein and mRNA expression in children with AA was significantly lower than that in healthy controls (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the positive rate of c-kit protein and mRNA expression between children with AA and control group (P > 0.05). It was concluded that the expression of SCF is significantly decreased in children with AA, which may be closely associated with the pathogenesis of the AA. c-kit may be unrelated to the development of pediatric AA. Therefore, AA in children may have abnormalities at SCF/c-kit signal transduction levels.
Anemia, Aplastic/etiology ; Anemia, Aplastic/*metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Colony-Stimulating Factor/*biosynthesis ; Receptors, Colony-Stimulating Factor/genetics ; Stem Cell Factor/*biosynthesis ; Stem Cell Factor/genetics

To investigate the distribution of variant genotypes of Fc gamma receptor IIIa (Fc gamma R IIIa) in healthy Chinese population of Zhengzhou city, genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of healthy donators. The genotypes of Fc gamma R IIIa-158 were determined by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 137 healthy people in Zhengzhou city. The results showed that frequencies of variant genotypes FF, VV and VF were 42.3%, 48.9% and 8.8% respectively. The distribution of Fc gamma R IIIa-158 in healthy Chinese population of Zhengzhou city was polymorphic and different from that of African Americans (AA) and Caucasian Americans (CA).
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Genotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; *Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, IgG/*genetics ; Variation (Genetics)

The relationship between glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) M1, T1 genotype and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was investigated. GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes in genomic DNA from 67 children with ALL and 146 healthy controls were analyzed by using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The frequencies of GSTM1, M1-T1 null genotypes in ALL children were significantly higher than in the healthy controls (76.12% versus 52.74%, OR=2.856, P<0.001; 50.74% versus 24.66%, OR=3.148, P<0.001, respectively). However, there was no significant relationship between GSTT1 null genotype and ALL of children (61.19% versus 49.32%, OR=1.621, P>0.05). It was suggested that GSTM1 null genotype might be a risk genotype of childhood ALL, while there as no correlation between GSTT1 null genotype and childhood ALL.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Genotype ; Glutathione Transferase ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; genetics

In order to investigate the levels of stem cell factor (SCF) and its receptor c-kit protein and mRNA in pediatric aplastic anemia (AA) and their relevance to the pathogenesis, immunocytochemical and in situ hybridization were utilized to detect the expression of SCF and its receptor c-kit gene protein and mRNA, respectively in 59 children with AA and 51 normal controls. The relationship between SCF and c-kit and the pathogenesis of AA was analyzed subsequently. The results showed that the positive rate of SCF protein and mRNA expression in children with AA was significantly lower than that in healthy controls (P＜0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the positive rate of c-kit protein and mRNA expression between children with AA and control group (P＞0.05). It was concluded that the expression of SCF is significantly decreased in children with AA, which may be closely associated with the pathogenesis of the AA. c-kit may be unrelated to the development of pediatric AA. Therefore, AA in children may have abnormalities at SCF/ckit signal transduction levels.

BACKGROUNDThe prethrombotic state can be observed in advanced lung cancer patients. The aim of this study is to determine the dynamic changes and significance of antithrombin and fibrinolytic function in advanced lung cancer patients during chemotherapy.

METHODSAntithrombin activity (AT:A), fibrinogen (FIB), D-dimer (D-D), plasminogen activity (PLG), tissue plasminogen activator antigen (t-PA:Ag) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 antigen (PAI-1:Ag) were measured in 33 advanced lung can-cer patients before and after chemotherapy, and 30 healthy people as controls.

RESULTSBefore chemotherapy, lung cancer patients had significantly lower AT:A (P < 0.01) and higher D-D, PLG:A, PAI-1:Ag and FIB (P < 0.01) than those of controls. There was no significant difference in t-PA:Ag between lung cancer patients and controls (P > 0.05). During the chemotherapy, AT:A, D-D and t-PA:Ag of lung can-cer patients remarkably decreased (P < 0.01), and PLG:A, PAI-1:Ag and FIB remarkably increased (P < 0.01) compared to those before chemotherapy.

CONCLUSIONSChemotherapy may enhance the prethrombotic state in advanced lung cancer patients. Dynamic observation of antithrombin and fibrinolytic function during chemotherapy might be useful for preventing pulmonary hemorrhage and pulmonary infarct and estimating prognosis of those patients.

To investigate the distribution of variant genotypes of Fc gamma receptor IIIa (Fc gamma R IIIa) in healthy Chinese population of Zhengzhou city, genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of healthy donators. The genotypes of Fc gamma R IIIa-158 were determined by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 137 healthy people in Zhengzhou city. The results showed that frequencies of variant genotypes FF, VV and VF were 42.3%, 48.9% and 8.8% respectively. The distribution of Fc gamma R IIIa-158 in healthy Chinese population of Zhengzhou city was polymorphic and different from that of African Americans (AA) and Caucasian Americans (CA).
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, IgG ; genetics

Objective: To explore the value of ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of neonatal upper and lower gastrointestinal tract(GIT)perforation. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the ultrasound findings of 42 neonates of surgery-confirmed neonatal GIT perforation in our hospital from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018.The accuracy of ultrasound for detecting GIT perforation and the ultrasound features of upper and lower GIT perforation were evaluated. Results: (1)Of the 42 neonates with GIT perforation, 1 case didn′t undergo ultrasound, 2 cases were missed, and 1 case was misdiagnosed.Thirty-eight neonates were diagnosed of GIT perforation by ultrasound preoperatively, with a detection rate of 92.7%(38/41). The locations of GIT perforation were identified by ultrasound in 30 cases(78.9%, 30/38), including 11 cases of upper GIT perforation and 19 cases of lower GIT perforation.(2)A common sonographic finding of GIT perforation in 38 cases was pneumoperitoneum, which appeared as an echogenic line with posterior reverberation artifact under diaphragm or anterior to hepatic/splenic surface and a "stratosphere" sign in M-mode sonography.Free gas changed position when the patient′s position was changed, and didn′t change due to respiratory change.Besides, free gas dispersed with compression on abdomen, and gathered without compression.(3)Upper GIT perforation was showed that poor filling of the stomach cavity, and the abdominal free gas sharply increased.Lower GIT perforation was characterized by collapsed bowel, blurred and interrupted intestinal wall structure, and more accompanied with intestinal obstruction.(4)There was no significant difference of detection rate between ultrasound and X-ray in diagnosing GIT perforation[92.7%(38/41)vs.83.3%(35/42)](P>0.05), whereas ultrasound more sensitive for a very small amount of free gas in the early stage of perforation.(5)Helicobacter pylori infection was found in two cases of GIT perforation. Conclusion Ultrasound can be used for differential diagnosis of upper and lower GIT perforation, and could be recommended as the first choice for detecting GIT perforation in neonatal patients.