Objective To study the effect of TFF_2 gene theragy on the healing of experimental gastric ulcer in rats and its mechanism.Methods From Jun.10,2005 to Mar.15,2006.48 Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups:24 in therapy group,24 in control group.pcDNA3.1-TFF_2 100?g was used in each rat in therapy group,and the same volume of pcDNA 3.1 was used in control group.Each rat was injected under serous membrane of the gastric wall after making model.The rats were executed separately after 3、7、14 days.Results Ulcer index was 9.7?2.9 mm2 in therapy group and was 17.7?3.1 mm2 in control group on the 14th day.There was significant difference between the two groups.The average amount of mucous glycoprotein was 83.35?4.54 mg/g in the therapy group and 70.36?4.22 mg/g in the control group.There was no significant change in the secretion of acid between the two groups.Conclusion TFF_2 gene therapy can promote the healing of experimental gastric ulcer in rats.Its mechanisms may include increasing mucous glycoprotein of the gastric wall without suppressing gastric acid secretion.

Objective To explore the correlation between homocysteine(Hcy),lipids amd type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods The laboratory test results of 533 cases of patients with T2DM(T2DM group)and 362 cases of healthy individuals (healthy control group)were retrospectively analyzed.Results The serum levels of Hcy and rates of abnormal serum cholesterol (TC),triacylglycerol(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels in the T2DM group were higher than those in the healthy control group,had statistically significant differences(P <0.05).Conclusion The high serum level of Hcy and abnormal lipid metabolism are correlated with T2DM,which might be risk factors of diabetes mel-litus and cardiovascular disease.

Objective To assemble fusion gene of c-myc tagged human trefoil factor family 2(hTFF2)(in vitro) and construct a cloning vector of this fusion gene.Methods Based on amino acid sequence of hTFF2 and codon of lactococcus lactis,cDNA of htff2 sequence was designed and extended at their 5' ends with a sequence encoding the c-myc tag;and the sequence of fusion gene c-myc-htff2 was designed.According to restriction enzyme sites of pBluescript Ⅱ sk(+),the SalⅠ and BamHⅠ were arranged at 5′ and 3′ ends of the fusion gene respectively.Instructed by DNAWORKS program,the fusion gene sequence of c-myc-htff2 was designed as 14 oligonucleotides that overlapped each other.The target gene fragment of cmyc-htff2 fusion gene was obtained by the means of polymerase chain reaction(PCR) based gene assembly.Then,the c-myc-htff2 was subcloned into vector of pBluescript II sk(+) for identification of the fusion gene by restricting enzyme excision and DNA sequencing.Results Assembly of c-myc-TFF2 fusion gene(in vitro) and construction of pBS-TFF2 had been completed successfully;and DNA sequencing showed that the sequence of synthetic gene accorded with the expectation.Conclusion With the help of DNAWORKS program,the design and assembly of oligonucleotides (in vitro) is effective to synthesize a target gene,and the cloning vector of c-myc-htff2 fusion gene has been successfully constructed.

Objective To evaluate the significance of COLD-PCR in detecting KRAS mutation of pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer patients. Methods First, set up COLD-PCR and compared the sensitivities of COLD-PCR/Sanger sequencing with PCR/Sanger sequencing using mixed cell lines ( KRAS wild-type cell line SW116 and KRAS mutant cell line SW480).Then, detected KRAS mutation of 20 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of pancreatic cancer and 39 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of colorectal cancer using PCR/Sanger sequencing and COLD-PCR/Sanger sequencing, respectively and compared the coincidence rate and consistency. Results The low detection limits of PCR/Sanger respectively. KRAS frequency detected by COLD-PCR/Sanger sequencing [75% (15/20)] in 20 cases of pancreatic cancer was higher than that detected by regular PCR/Sanger sequencing [40% ( 8/20 ) ,x2 =5.013, P < 0.05]. KRAS frequency detected by COLD-PCR/Sanger sequencing [44% (17/39)] in 39 cases of colorectal cancer was higher than that detected by regular PCR/Sanger sequencing [31% (12/39) ,x2 =1. 372, P = 0. 174]. The coincidence rate of these two methods was 0. 730 and the difference had no statistical significance. The coincidence rate of detecting KRAS mutation was 65% in pancreatic cancer and the results showed a good correlation between two methods and the two methods had bad agreement in diagnosis (Kappa = 0. 364, P < 0. 05 ). COLD-PCR/Sanger sequencing could detect more cases of KRAS mutations from pancreatic caner than regular PCR/Sanger sequencing. This was because there were many non-tumor cells in pancreatic tumor tissue and COLD-PCR/Sanger sequencing was more sensitive than regular PCR/Sanger sequencing. The coincidence rate of detecting KRAS mutations was 87% in colorectal cancer and the results were showed a good correlation between two methods and the two methods had substantical agreement in diagonsis ( Kappa = 0. 730, P < 0. 05 ) . Conclusion COLD-PCR/Sanger sequencing is highly sensitive to screen KRAS mutation in pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer patients.

Skin sensitization (allergic contact dermatitis, ACD), is a serious condition caused by small reactive molecules and is characterized by a delayed-type hypersensitivity .Animal tests were usually used in the evaluation of sensitizing potential of chemical substances in the past .However , there is an increasing interest from the public for reducing and ultimately replacing animal tests .The European Union (EU) has posed a ban on animal testing of cosmetic ingredients that includes skin sensitization since 2013.Therefore, alternative in vitro tests are the main tendency in chemical substances and cosmetic sensitizing potential research in the future .In this study, different kinds of in vitro test methods that were adopted by OECD or on research (LLNA, DPRA, KeratinoSens TM, h-CLAT) were reviewed through recent years literature , comprehensive introduction and evaluation were made to obtain reliable hazard and potency information on potential skin sensitizers .

Objective: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-activating mutations have higher response rate and more prolonged survival following treatment with single-agent EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) compared with patients with wild-type EGFR. However, all patients treated with reversible inhibitors develop acquired re-sistance over time. The mechanisms of resistance are complicated. The lack of established therapeutic options for patients after a failed EGFR-TKI treatment poses a great challenge to physicians in managing this group of lung cancer patients. This study evaluates the in-fluence of EGFR-TKI retreatment following chemotherapy after failure of initial EGFR-TKI within at least six months on NSCLC pa-tients. Methods:The data of 27 patients who experienced treatment failure from their initial use of EGFR-TKI within at least 6 months were analyzed. After chemotherapy, the patients were retreated with EGFR-TKI (gefitinib 250 mg qd or erlotinib 150 mg qd), and the tumor progression was observed. The patients were assessed for adverse events and response to therapy. Targeted tumor lesions were as-sessed with CT scan. Results:Of the 27 patients who received EGFR–TKI retreatment, 1 (3.7%) patient was observed in complete re-sponse (CR), 8 (29.6%) patients in partial response (PR), 14 (51.9%) patients in stable disease (SD), and 4 (14.8%) patients in progres-sive disease (PD). The disease control rate (DCR) was 85.2%(95%CI=62%-94%). The median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 6 months (95%CI=1-29). Of the 13 patients who received the same EGFR-TKI, 1 patient in CR, 3 patients in PR, 8 patients in SD, and 2 patients in PD were observed. The DCR was 84.6%, and the mPFS was 5 months. Of the 14 patients who received another EG-FR-TKI, 0 patient in CR, 6 patients in PR, 6 patients in SD, and 2 patients in PD were observed. The DCR was 85.7%, and the mPFS was 9.5 months. Significant difference was found between the 2 groups in progression-free survival but not in response rate or disease control rate. Conclusion:Retreatment of EGFR-TKIs can be considered an option after failure of chemotherapy for patients who were
previously controlled by EGFR-TKI treatment.

Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive schistosomiasis control measures based on infection source control in plateau mountain areas of Yunnan Province. Methods From 2006 to 2004,four administrative villages were selected as test areas from plateau canyon and plateau basin endemic areas in Jindun Town,Heqing County,two villages each type,and the comprehensive control measures were implemented,including the examination and treatment of schistosomiasis,Oncomela?nia hupensis snail survey and control,health education,improving drinking water and lavatories,banning grazing,constructing sanitary pen of livestock,replacing cattle with machine,etc. The schistosome infection state and snail status in 2006 were treat?ed as the baseline information,and the effect of the comprehensive measures were evaluated. Results The infection rate of hu?man in plateau canyon areas decreased from 4.94%in 2006 to 0.06%in 2014,and that of livestock decreased from 1.11%to 0. In plateau basin areas,there was only 1 case of schistosomiasis found in Xiaolian Village in 2007,and no any other cases found in the other years,the infection rates of livestock dropped from 7.38%to 0. Compared with 2006,the snail areas in the two type areas decreased by 74.89%and 75.30%,respectively,meanwhile,the percentage of snail area,the occurrence rate of frames with snails,as well as the average density of living snails also decreased,and no infected snails were found since 2008. Xidian and Xinzhuang villages in plateau canyon area reached the criteria of schistosomiasis transmission controlled in 2009,and Xiao?lian and Kangfu villages in plateau basin reached the criteria of transmission interrupted in 2014. Conclusions The comprehen?sive schistosomiasis control measures based on infection source control can effectively control the endemic situation of schistoso? miasis in plateau areas of Yunnan Province. In the future,we should pay an equal attention to the infection sources control and snail control to consolidate and amplify the achievement of schistosomiasis control.

Objective To understand the status of water contact and labor practice of residents in plateau mountain schisto?somiasis endemic areas in Yunnan Province so as to provide the evidence for formulating the strategy of prevention and control of schistosomiasis in the next step of work. Methods A total of 412 residents aged 6-65 years old in 2 villages were randomly sampled and investigated with questionnaires for their water contacts and labor practices in plateau valley schistosomiasis endem?ic areas. Then the schistosome infection status of the residents was surveyed with the indirect hemagglutination assay IHA . Re?sults Among the 412 residents investigated the rate of water contact was 88.35% and the main causes of water contact were watering and swimming and playing. The percentages of residents who had schistosomiasis history were 1.16% 0.00%30.80% 3.85% and 0 in them who had swimming and playing water?contacts bathing watering washing hands and others respectively χ2=38.96 P<0.01 . The positives of IHA in the above?mentioned residents were 18.60% 0.00% 37.60%23.08% and 0 respectively χ2=12.61 P<0.05 . Conclusions The productive infested water contact is the main way of schistosome infection. Therefore the changes of labor practices and water contact of the residents are very important for the ef?fective prevention and control of schistosomiasis transmission.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of oncogene AKT2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). METHOD: The expression of AKT2 protein was measured with immunohistochemistry (Elivision two steps) in 60 cases of LSCC tissue, 28 cases of peri-cancer tissue and 16 cases of normal laryngeal epithelium, the relationship between AKT2 expression and clinical pathologic factors in LSCC was also analyzed. RESULT: The positive rates of AKT2 protein expression in LSCC and peri-cancer tissue were 56.7% (34/60), 14.3% (4/28) respectively. There was no expression of AKT2 in normal laryngeal epithelium. The positive rate of AKT2 protein expression in LSCC was significantly higher than that in peri-cancer tissue and normal laryngeal epithelium (P < 0.05, respectively). The positive rate of AKT2 was correlated with tumor site, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage of LSCC (P < 0.05, respectively), but wasn't correlated with patient's age, sex, and T stage (P > 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION AKT2 might play an important role in the tumorigenesis and development of LSCC, and it was suggested that AKT2 could be a useful marker for predicting tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis potential of LSCC.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Mucosa ; metabolism ; pathology ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism

This article summarizes the pharmacological treatment of infantile hemangioma in soft tissue.We aim to review the literature and summarize the mechanisms,methods,efficiency and adverse reactions of beta blockers,glucocorticoids,bleomycin and imiquimott,and to analyze the rational options.Beta blockers,as oral and external use,have high efficiency and few side effects,and can be used as a first -line medication for infantile hemangiomas.Imiquimod external use and topical glucocorticoid and bleomycin injection have good efficacy and potential adverse reactions.They can be used as an alternative treatment for infantile hemangioma.