In the occupational production and the daily life,the pollutant of pesticides may enter our bodies through the skincontact,the breath and the gastrointestinal absorption and so on. It may cause the reproductive organ and the spermatogenic cell damaged,abnormal endocrine function and the reproduction related genes expressed abnormally,resulting to abnormal spermatogenesis,which leads to oligospermia,asthenospermia,teratospermia and azoospermia. In order to look for a normal pattern and investigate the intrinsic mechanism of the cytotoxicity to the spermatogenic cell correlated with the pesticide pollution,it is necessary to review the relationship between the toxicity of pesticide pollutant and the abnormity of male spermatogenic cell,which will provide some basic information for preventing and controlling the reproductive toxicity of pesticides and ensuring the reproduction healthy of people.

BACKGROUND: An epidemic outbreak of poliomyelitis occurred in Pizhou City, Jangsu Province, 15 years ago. It is important to appraise the daily living and function of those survived children.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the physical status of the survived children and propose appropriate suggestions on rehabilitation.DESIGN: Case-based cross-sectional study based on patients.SETTING: Department of Rehabilitative Medicine of First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 545 patients with poliomyelitis sequela, which was onset in 1989, were found in Qizhou, and 333 of them were randomly selected from the local"New Hope" nursing house and its surrounding areas.All patients were assayed in one week.METHODS: The survey included 333 polio victims in the nursing house or from the surrounding areas. The study was conducted by five research groups, with two physiatrists and one therapist in each group. Assessment included muscle strength, joint rang of motion, limb deformities, activities of daily living, previous surgical interventions and orthosis. The distance was measured from the anterior superior iliac to medial malleolus and from nave to the medial malleolus, respectively. Anatomic length and functional length were also measured.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Major outcomes included the forms,shapes, or functions of foot, pelvic, hip, knee and ankle joints.RESULTS: According to intention-to-treat analyses, 333 patients with poliomyelitis sequela entered the final analysis. Most of them aged from 15 to 17 years old, which accounted for 97%. Totally 135 patients(40.5% )walked independently and 148 (44.4%) walked with-orthsis and/or crutches. The discrepancy was between 0. 5 cm to 13.0 cm. Patients with paraplegia were 112(33.6% ), which was lesser than those with monoplegia (211, 65.8% ). There were 3 cases with quadriplegia and 2 cases with upper limb involvement. Another 46 sufferers had already underwent the scoliosis prthomorphia. There were 254 subjects with orthosis, including 110 knee ankle feet orthosis for both legs and 131 knee ankle feet orthosis for one leg,with 62 at left and 79 at right. Only three ankle-foot orthosis were employed.CONCLUSION: Besides the factor of muscle strength, limb teratism is the key factor that causes walking disorders. Physical functions maybe improved through surgical intervention, orthosis modification, and rehabilitation training. Every child who received survey required further rehabilitative therapy. A multi-disciplinary team is essential to achieve a better outcome.

By adopting induction - electricity threshold of brain stem, counting of hairy cells in cochlear membrane, and electromicroscopic exam of ultra microscopic sturcture before and after the administration of the drug, it was shown that kidney tonics can protect the hairy cells, effectively resist the increased of hearing threshold caused by gentamycin, demonstrating that such kidney tonics can protect the cochlear structure and function, minimize the oto - toxicity of gentamycin.

ObjectiveTo compare the effect of the neurosurgical clipping and endovascular for treating intracranial aneurysm.MethodsRetrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 110 cases with intracranial aneurysms.The patients were divided into intervention group(55 patients with endovascular treatment) and surgery group(55 patients with neurosurgical clipping treatment) according to different methods,followed forup 1 ～4 months,and immediately evaluated the efficacy.The Chinese stroke scale(CSS) and activities of daily living(ADL) score were used for prognostic evaluation.ResultsThe immediate effect:the marked efficacy in 40 cases,efficacy in 10 cases and inefficacy in 5 cases,and the total effective rate in the intervention group was 90.9％,while the surgery group were 32 cases,10 cases,13 cases,and the total effective rate was 76.4％.There was significantl differences between the two groups ( x2 =3.96,P ＜ 0.05 ) ; the CSS and ADL scores significantly lower than pre-treatment ( t =9.12,8.05,P ＜0.05).ConclusionEndovascular treatment for intracranial aneurysms could improve the clinical efficacy and improve patients self-care ability,and significantly improve the prognosis.

Objective To explore the effect of bio-resonance on walking efficiency in healthy youths. Methods Ten young male participants were involved in this study (age 16 ± 2 years, height 1.73 ±:0. 1 m and weight 56. 1 ± 7 kg). The time-space data were collected using a motion analysis system, and oxygen cost was meas-ured with a Cosmed K4b2 portable gas analysis system. Walking at a self-selected, comfortable walking frequency was recorded through three dimensional gait analysis. Each participant walked at 100% , 80% and 120% of their comfortable walking frequency. Results The average 100% , 80% and 120% comfortable walking frequencies were 107.60 ± 1.78, 85.80 ± 7.45 and 128.60 ±10.46 steps/min, respectively. Oxygen consumption at the three frequencies was significantly different (P≤0.01), and the oxygen costs were 0. 140 ± 0.011, 0. 193 ± 0. 049 and 0. 192 ± 0. 035 ml/m/kg, respectively. Above or below the self-selected pace, oxygen cost increased significantly (P ≤0.05). Conclusion There is an inherited bio-resonance in human walking, and walking with this natural rhythm is reflected in the lowest oxygen cost. Any change from the natural walking rhythm may result in increased en-ergy expenditure and decreased efficiency.

Objective To explore the pancreatic kininogenase enteric-coated tablets in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients and its effect on the optic disc and macula retinal hemodynamics. Methods 86 cases (140 eyes) of DR patients were randomly divided into pancreatic kininogenase group and normal group with 43 cases in each group, two groups were treated with basic therapy, pancreatic kininogenase group were combined with pancreatic kininogenase treatment. The best corrected visual acuity and the clinical effect of optic disc and macula retinal hemodynamic changes were compared between two groups. Results After treatment, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in pancreatic kininogenase group was greater than the normal group (P<0.05), the retinal neovascularization and fluorescein leakage area in pancreatic kininogenase group was less than the normal group (P<0.05). The disc vascular and macular retinal blood flow volume (VOL), blood flow velocity (FLW)values in pancreatic kininogenase group were larger than those of normal group, and the clinical curative effect of pancreatic kininogenase group was better than that of normal group (P<0.05). Conclusion Pancreatic kininogenase enteric-coated tablets in the treatment of DR patients can improve the optic disc and macular retinal hemodynamic parameters, improve visual acuity and reduce the retinal neovascularization and fluorescein leakage area, so as to improve the clinical treatment effect.

Objective To observe the characteristic of the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) brain map in health adult undergoing clenching and relaxing the fist, for exploring the essence of the fMRI brain map in patients suffering from motor dysfunction by cerebrovascular accidents. Methods Twelve healthy volunteers had been chosen to partake the experience. Everyone had accomplished the following three actions separately: (1) Only clenching and relaxing the fist of left hand. (2) Only clenching and relaxing the fist of right hand. (3) Clenching and relaxing the fist of both hands at one time. The data had been analyzed statistically using analysis of functional neuroimages (AFNI) software. Results Under condition of F (6,1121), P = 0.005. Only clenching and relaxing the fist of left hand had gained the following brain functional area: right precentral gyms, left parietal,right superior temporal gyrus,right parietal, right parahippocampal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus, right medial frontal gyrus, left precuneus, right superior parietal lobule, right middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus. Only clenching and relaxing the fist of right hand had gained the following brain functional area: left precentral gyms, left postcentral gyrus right parietal, right medial frontal gyrus. Clenching and relaxing the fist of beth hands simultaneously had gained the following brain functional area: left precentral gyms,left postcentral gyrus, right precentral gyrus, right postcentral gyrus. Conclusions Hand movement (clenching and relaxing the fist) has its own specific brain activated areas. The brain areas activated by clenching and relaxing the fist of both hands simultaneously concentrate in the motor area of both cerebral hemisphere. The brain areas activated by clenching and relaxing the fist of single hand contain not only the motor area, but also the supplementary motor area. As compared with the right handedness, the brain areas activated by clenching and relaxing the fist of left hand is more widespread.

Objective To investigate the epidemiology of adults acute viral gastroenteritis in Shanghai Changning district. Methods All of 1 554 stool specimens of adults acute gastroenteritis in Shanghai Changning district from June 2010 to December 2013, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and multiple polymerase chain reaction was used to detecte different viruses. Results In all of 1 554 cases, the average age was (46.19 ± 15.59) years. Among them, 691 persons were male, 863 persons were female. Virus infection was detected in 407 cases, and the detection rate was 26.19%. Among them, 395 cases (97.05%) were single virus infection, and 12 cases (2.95%) were mixed infection. The peak of epidemic was from every November to next February. The incidence of watery diarrhea, vomiting and fever in virus positive group was significantly higher than that in virus negative group:95.09%(387/407) vs. 88.14%(1 011/1 147), 31.20%(127/407) vs. 18.83%(216/1 147), and 11.06%(45/407) vs. 7.59%(87/1147), P<0.01 or<0.05. Conclusions Rotavirus infection is common in adults with acute viral gastroenteritis. Patients with positive virus infection had a higher incidence of watery diarrhea, vomiting and fever. The peak of epidemic is winter.

ObjectiveTo discuss the role of neuronavigaition technique in localizing and facilliating microsurgical resection of intracranial ateriovenous malformations (AVM) .Methods Forty-three cases with intracranial AVM treated microneurosurgically asisting by Stryker Leibinger neuronavigation system were retrospectively analyzed.Results After reaching neuronavigation calculated technical accuracy (less than 2 mm) and continual intraoperative navigating accuracy, all of the 43 AVM lesions were completely resected.In 41 patients, syptoms were significantly improved (95.4％) at discharge, new neurofuntion defection were found in 2 patients(4.6％) , no death occured.ConclusionNeuronavigation techniques helps the surgery in planning a precise surgical approach to the targeted AVM lesion and tracing the neurovascular structures ,improves the safety of the surgery and the functional outcome of the patients, contribute to lesion resection and reduce operative complications.

Background:Acute gastroenteritis is the second largest public health problem in the world. Rotavirus(RV)is one of the pathogens of acute gastroenteritis in adults,researches focusing on RV infection may provide the basis for prevention and control of the disease. Aims:To determine the epidemiological characteristics of RV infection in adults with acute gastroenteritis in Shanghai,China. Methods:From Jun. 2010 to Dec. 2013,stool samples and clinical data in adults with acute gastroenteritis in a designated hospital in Shanghai Changning District were collected. ELISA and PCR were used to detect RV infection and its genotypes. Results:A total of 1 554 eligible stool samples from acute gastroenteritis patients were recruited,of them 691 were males and 863 were females,the mean age was(46. 19 ± 15. 59)years old. RV was detected in 189 patients with a detection rate of 12. 2% ,163(10. 5% )were categorized as group A RV and 26(1. 7% ) were group B/ C RV;the most common genotypes in group A RV were G9(30. 1% )and G1(25. 2% ). Watery stool and vomiting were more prevalent in RV-positive patients than in RV-negative patients(P < 0. 05). The detection rates in years 2010,2011,2012 and 2013 were 12. 2% ,14. 9% ,6. 8% and 16. 3% ,respectively. When analyzed by age group,the detection rate was significantly lower in 18-39 years group than those in 40-59,60-79,and ≥80 years groups(8. 7% vs. 14. 8% ,14. 2% ,and 17. 1% ,P < 0. 05). The peak of epidemic was from Nov. to next Feb. Conclusions:RV infection in adults with acute gastroenteritis is more popular in middle aged and elderly people and shows a winter seasonality in Shanghai,China. The most common genotypes of group A RV are G9 and G1.