Objective To discuss the clinical val ue of internal radiation therapy with hepatic intra-arterial iodine-131 labele d material for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods This summarized paper was made on literatu re review. Results Iodine-131-lipiodol and several reported iodine-131-labeled antibodies to HCC associated antigens were concentrated in the foci of HCC with a high tumor-to-normal-tissue absorbed dose ratios. No s evere side effects occurred. It was used in various kinds of HCC patients, and m ostly showed a significant tumor response. Survival rate of HCC patients was rai sed in several clinical trials.Conclusion Internal radiotherapy with hepatic intr a-arterial iodine-131 labeled material may be considered as an effective metho d to treat HCC.

The article discusses the integration of the contents on the human anatomy and medical imaging.Through construction of the human anatomy and medical imaging course system and the implementation of teaching,we have overcome the defects of separation of anatomy and medical imaging knowledge and received better teaching results.

BACKGROUND: MRI is a gold standard for imaging diagnosis of knee joint disease, but it cannot accurately quantitate effusion of knee.OBJECTIVE: To investigate different volume of contrast-medium in the cavity of knee with MRI scanning to provide objective evidence and quantitaive standard for clinical diagnosis of effusion in the cavity of knee.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Quantitative observation was performed in the MRI Room, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College from October to December 2008.MATERIALS: Ten samples of fresh normal adult knee joint.METHODS: Puncture with the needle retaining in the cavity of knee of normal adult corpse without effusion or pneumatosis was performed, and 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 mL contrast-medium was injected into the cavity. Coronal section, vertical plane and transect were scanned with T2WI, 4 mm thickness and 1 mm interval by MRI.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The distribution of different amounts of contrast agent in the knee cavity and peripheral synovial bursa in knee coronal plane and sagittal cross-sections.RESULTS:?MRI scanning from coronal section: after 10 mL contrast-medium injection, in the center of medial knee joint, high visual signal was seen in the cavity of joint; after 15 mL contrast-medium injection, scanning between femora and patella, high visual signals were observed; after 20 mL contrast-medium injection, scanning by posterior internal and external condyle of knee, high visual signals were found in 80% of internal and external recess of posterosuperior of thighbone.?MRI scaning at 1.5 cm from internal vertical plane of middle knee: after 5 mL contrast-medium injection, high visual signal area appeared in intercondylar eminence, narrowing gradually, and 70% of posterosuperior internal condyle of tibia; after 10 mL contrast-medium injection, high visual signals appeared at the 1/3 point under suprapatellar bursa; after 15 and 20 mL contrast-medium injection, high visual signal appeared in 80% of 1/3 point of suprapatellar bursa; after 30 and 40 mL contrast-medium injection, high visual signal was seen both internal and external recess of posterosuperior knee.?MRI scanning from inframarginal Apex of patella of knee transect: after 5 mL contrast-medium injection, high visual signal appeared in 90% area at 1/3 point posterior articular cavity; after more than 10 mL contrast-medium injection, high visual signal was seen in 70% area of anterior thighbone facet. CONCLUSION: By injecting different volumes of contrast-medium into the knee cavity and peripheral synovial bursa, reference standard can be constructed according to different volumes of effusion, which is significant for diagnosis of effusion of knee cavity and peripheral synovial bursa with MRI.

BACKGROUND: Arterial injury surrounding the mandibular angle is very common during mandibular angle ostectomy. The retromandibular vein is susceptible to injury owing to thin vascular wall and deep location. Anatomical studies regarding the retromandibular vein are rarely reported.OBJECTIVE: To observe the construction, branches, backstreaming of the retromandibular vein and its relation to the facial nerve and mandibular angle.METHODS: Twenty formalin-fixed adult cadavers (40 samples) were randomly selected. Bilateral retromandibular veins and their branches were cleaned. The construction, branches, backstreaming of the retromandibular vein and its relation to the facial nerve and mandibular angle were anatomically observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The retromandibular vein originated constantly and provided an average length of (4.51±2.01) cm, with an average outer diameter of (0.52±0.28) cm at the origination part. A total of 34 samples showed that the retromandibular vein was formed by the union of the superficial temporal and maxillary veins, and six samples showed that the retromandibular vein originated from the superficial temporal vein. The retromandibular vein divided into two types according to the backstreaming and course: one type consisted of the anterior and posterior branches: the anterior branch mostly drained into the internal jugular vein and minorly drained into the external jugular vein; the posterior branch was joined by the posterior auricular vein and became the external jugular vein. Another type of retromandibular vein without the anterior and posterior branches directly connected with the posterior auricular vein and entered the external jugular vein. The retromandibular vein had the following branches (appearance frequency): facial transverse vein (88%), mandibular articular vein (98%), parotid veins (95%),anterior auricular veins (58%), styloid process vein (43%). 88% of the retromandibular vein was located in the superior and inferior trunks of the facial nerve and in the medial branches. The retromandibular vein connected with facial nerve trunk or major branches in a decussated fashion. 75% of the arc-shaped structures formed by the retromandibular vein and its branches coursed close to the inferior and posterior border of the mandibular angle, and 25% of the arc-shaped structures were not close to the lowest point of the mandibular angle. The thin periosteum between the venous wall and cortical bone was just the position of ostectomy line of mandibular angle. The retromandibular vein was easily injured no matter in vein dissection or ostectomy.

Objective To analyze the effects and the complications of partial splenic artery embolization(PSE)and splenectomy offering a feasible way to choose different therapeutic methods for hypersplenism. Methods Forty-six patients treated with PSE and thirty-three undergone splenectomy were compared for their effectivenesses and complications in treating hypersplenism. Results Thrombocyte and leucocyte counts increased markedly after the two kinds of treatment(P 0.05). The complication rate of the PSE was far more than that of the splenectomy(P

Objective To study the possible different effects on primary liver cancer of various types of blood supply demonstrated by DSA via hepatic artery radioimmunotherapy with 131Ⅰ-HAb18F(ab')2.Methods Under thyroid protection and negative dermal sensitivity test,46 times of intraarterial injection with a 0.75 mCi/kg dose of 131Ⅰ labeled murine HCC monoclonal antibody fragment [HAb18F(ab')2] were performed in 30 patients of PLC using the Seldinger technique.The shrinkage rates of tumor volume were analyzed according to hyper,moderate and hypo vascular three types provided by DSA.Results The volume shrinkage rates of hyper and moderate vascular HCC were 60% and 37.5% respectively,while that of 2 cases of hypovascular HCC showed significantly reduction.Conclusion 131Ⅰ-HAb18F(ab')2 internal radioimmunotherapy prossesses certain signification volume shrinkage efficacy on different blood supplies provided by DSA.(J Intervent Radiol,2007,16:243-245)

Objective To analyze the clinical effects of 131I-HAb18F(ab')2 radioimmunotherapy via hepatic artery on PLC with portal vein tumor emboli. Methods Under the condition of thyroid protection and negative dermal sensitivity test, 12 times of intraarterial injection with 131I labeled murine HCC monoclonal antibody fragment HAb18F(ab')2 were performed in 8 patients of PLC complicated with portal vein tumor emboli. A 0.75 mCi/kg dose of 131I was administrated individually into certain target vessel after hepatic artery angiography using Seldinger technique. Results 3 of 7 patients with symptoms of pains showed remission with simultaneous improvement and stabilization in Karnofsky score in 3 and 4 patients respectively. AFP levels decreased about 50%(3/6)in 3 cases among those 6 positives and the values of I.B. and ALT changed within a very narrow range to a certain extent after the treatment. The overall rate of CR + PR was 28.6% and similar better result was obtained in a non-symptomatic diffuse PLC patient.1 year survival rate was 12.5%. Conclusion 131I-HAb18F(ab')2 radioimmunotreating drug(0.75 mCi/kg)with hypotoxicity to liver-function can be used as an acceptable method for unresectable PLC with portal vein tumor emboli, especially for those without tumor emboli in the main trunk.

Objective To analyze the interactions in lectures conducted by young teachers in medical institutions and investigate the way of improving their ability. Methods We analyzed the teaching plans and the actual performance of 31 teachers who enter the final of the 16th competition of young teacher's basic skills, 2011 and observed the lectures of another 15 randomly selected teach-ers, focusing on the interactions and the effects in the lectures. Results Among the 31 teachers, 19 (which is 61.29% of the total) teachers designed and implemented interactive teaching; 6 (which is 40.00% of the total) teachers adopted interactive teaching in daily teaching. Among the 40 young teachers included in the research , 27 ( which is 54 . 35% of the total ) teachers employ interactive teaching. The way of performing interactive teaching in all above situations is answering questions. Conclusions Interactive teaching is commonly used in lectures by young teachers in medical insti-tutions. However, the method is simple and the quality needs to be improved.

To explore the model of the standardized training for health management talents by referring to the standardized training for resident-doctors.This article analyzed the necessities of the model of the standardized training for health management talents from two aspects.After that,it elaborated on the significance of standardized training.At last,it proposed some ideas about constructing the standardized training for health management talents.

BACKGROUND:The rabbits were widely used as experimental animal models in the research on etiology and pathological mechanism of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. It is stil a valuable and realistic research topic to improve and to innovate the modeling technology nowadays. OBJECTIVE:To improve the modeling technology on osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rabbits induced by glucocorticoid combined with lipopolysaccharide, with the focus on its reduced mortality and the guaranteed successful rate of modeling. METHODS:A total of 28 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the control group (n=10) and improvement group (n=18). Models of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head were established according to different methods. In the improvement group, rabbits were injected with sodium penicilin (5.0 mg/kg) and amikacin sulfate (1.63×104 U/kg) in the left gluteus muscle. Twenty-four hours later, al rabbits were injected with prednisolone acetate (20 mg/kg) in the right gluteus muscle. Forty-eighthours later, 5.0 μg/kg of lipopolysaccharide was intravenously injectedvia the ear. From then on, two injections of prednisolone acetate (20 mg/kg) were respectively performed alternately in the left and right gluteal muscle at an interval of each 24 hours. Sodium penicilin (5.0 mg/kg) and amikacin sulfate (1.63×104 U/kg) were intraperitonealy injected for 2 consecutiveweeks. In the control group, 10 μg/kg lipopolysaccharide was injectedvia the ear vein of rabbit. From then on, prednisolone acetate (20 mg/kg) was intramuscularly injected at an interval of each 24 hours, totaly three times. Benzylpenicilin sodium 20×104 U/rabbit was intramuscularly injected once a week. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Rabbit models of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head were successfuly established in both groups. Compared with the control group, the mortality was significantly reduced after model establishment in the improvement group, and the bone lacuna and osteonecrosis of the femoral head were apparent. These findings indicated that the improved technology of model establishment of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head could be used to aleviate the damage degree on the gluteal muscles, to guarantee the successful rate of modeling, and to noticeably reduce the mortality of rabbits.