Objective:To study effects of the cooling rate on the bonding characteristics of titanium porcelain bonded to cast titanium.Methods:According to ISO 9693,24 cast titanium plates(25 mm?3 mm?0.5 mm)were prepared.The middle of the samples(8 mm?3 mm) were bonded with bonding porcelain,opaque porcelain and dentin porcelain.The specimens from each porcelain-metal combination group were randomly assigned into four experimental cooling rate conditions,namely cooling rate of 15,40,50 and 100 ℃/min.A three-point-flexure-test was used to evaluate the bonding strength of titanium porcelain bonded to cast pure titanium.SEM/EDS were taken to characterize the failed surface of the titanium-porcelain interface.Statistical analyses were made by one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA).Results:The bonding strength of 15 ℃/min group was significantly higher than other groups.There were no significant differences in bond strength between 40 ℃/min and 50 ℃/min groups.SEM/EDS revealed that with an increase cooling rate,the remained porcelains on the titanium side were decreased.Conclusion:The 15 ℃/min cooling rate might be an effective method to improve the titanium-porcelain bonding strength.

Objective To investigate the adverse reactions induced by statins when combined with other drugs and its influencing factors,so as to provide reference for clinical rational drug use.Methods The clinical data of 78 patients with adverse reactions caused by statins combined with other drugs in our hospital from June 2011 to June 2016 were reviewed and analyzed.Results The adverse reactions of the 78 cases of patients were manifested as muscle toxicity,liver toxicity,digestive discomfort,respiratory discomfort,et al; Inwhich muscle toxicity and liver toxicity were the most common adverse reactions.The incidence rate of rhabdomyolysis was 20.51％,which was significantly higher than that of the other adverse reactions(P<0.05).The incidence rates of adverse reactions induced by simvastatin and atorvastatin were 44.87％and 28.21％,significantly higher than other statins(P<0.05).The incidence of side effects was the highest(30.77％)when the statins combined with antihypertensive drugs and anti myocardial drugs,and the incidence of adverse reactions was 20.51％when combined with lipid-lowering drugs.Conclusion The adverse reaction rate is relatively high when statins,especially simvastatin and atorvastatin combined with antihypertensive,anti-myocardial and lipid-lowering drugs,and the adverse reactions to liver toxicity and muscle toxicity are the main performance.Therefore a standardized and rational medication regimen should be made based on the clinical characteristics of patients and the type of drug in the clinical use of statins,in order to reduce the incidence of adverse reactions to the maximum limit.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of three bond agents on bond strength of titanium- ceramic system. Methods: The pure titanium specimens were randomly divided into three groups. Three different manufacturers' porcelains(Super Ti22,Duceratin,Titankeramik) were used specially for titanium- ceramic bonding. The specimens in each group were further divided into two subgroups:bond agent group and no bond agent group. Bond strength of specimens was measured by the three- point bending test according to ISO9693. The titanium- ceramic interfaces were investigated by SEM/EDS. Results:The bond strength of Super Ti22(35.84±2.17) MPa and Duceratin(35.45±2.37) MPa with bond agent group was significantly higher than that of no bond agent group(P<0.05). Titankeramik with bond agent group showed a little higher bond strength than without bond agent, but no significant difference in statistics(P>0.05). The interfaces of Super Ti22 and Duceratin with bond agent groups were compact, while there were visible cracks and pores at the interface of other groups. Conclusion:The application of bond agent can improve bond strength of titanium- ceramic system.

Objective; To evaluate the influence of electrolyte's concentration at micro-arc oxide treatment on the bonding strength of titanium to porcelain. Methods; CP titanium specimens with size of 25 mm ×3 mm ×0. 5 mm were treated with micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in Na_2SiO_3 solution of three different concentrations. After ultra-low-fusing porcelain was applied, a three-point-flexure-test was used to evaluate the bonding strength of titanium to porcelain. The surface of the specimens was observed by SEM and EDS, as well as the interface between titanium and porcelain. Results; The bonding strength values between titanium treated with MAO and porcelain was significantly higher then the control groups, Croup 20 g/L has the highest bonding strength values. SEM/EDS suggested that a porous thin layer of oxide which contains Si element is created by MAO, and higher concentration of Na_2SiO_3 leads to more Si element in oxide. Conclusion; MAO treating can improve the bonding strength between titanium and ceramic. Electrolyte's concentration has an effect on the bond strength between titanium and porcelain.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of three bond agents on bond strength of titanium-ceramic system.Methods:The pure titanium specimens were randomly divided into three groups.Three different manufacturers' porcelains(Super Ti22,Duceratin,Titankeramik)were used specially for titanium-ceramic bonding.The specimens in each group were further divided into two subgroups:bond agent group and no bond agent group.Bond strength of specimens was measured by the three-point bending test according to ISO9693.The titanium-ceramic interfaces were investigated by SEM/EDS.Results:The bond strength of Super Ti22(35.84?2.17)MPa and Duceratin(35.45?2.37)MPa with bond agent group was significantly higher than that of no bond agent group(P0.05).The interfaces of Super Ti22 and Duceratin with bond agent groups were compact,while there were visible cracks and pores at the interface of other groups.Conclusion:The application of bond agent can improve bond strength of titanium-ceramic system.

Objective To investigate the statistical.method for analyzing nurse job burnout Data. Methods Hotelling T2 test and multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA)were used to analyze nurse job burnout datum. Results There was statistical significance between different cities,different ethnieities in the personal achievements,hut from three dimensions of the whole job burnout,there are no statistical sig-nificant differences among different cities, different ethnicities and different ages. Conclusions The use of Hotelling T2 test and multivariate analysis of variance to analyzing nurse job burnout data, not only ob-tain overall conclusion, and further use of single-variable analysis may also gain comparative results of each dimensions.

Objective:Investigate whether adenosine disodium triphosphate for injection can reduce the systemic inflammatory response which induced by cardiopulmonary bypass.Methods:Forty-seven patients scheduled for cardiac surgery over 30 min following CPB were randomly divided into two groups. In treated group(n=23),adenosine disodium triphosphate for injection(2 mmol/L) was added into the prime during CPB, but in control group(n=24), no adenosine disodium triphosphate for injection was added. Blood samples were drawn from the radial artery at the following time points:(1)before CPB;(2)30 min after aortic clamping;(3)30 min after aortic declamping;(4) 12 h after aortic declamping;(5)24 h after aortic declamping.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA) were used to measure the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?), interleukin-6(IL-6), in plasma,CK-MB in plasma level were measured too.Results:The concentration of TNF-??IL-6?CK-MB levels in plasma level of two groups showed no difference before CPB. They all had increased by 30 min after aortic clamping(P

Objective To investigate the correlations of plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels and the subtypes and the severity of acute ischemic stroke.Methods Consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled in the study.They were divided into large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA),smallartery occlusion (SAO) and cardioembolism (CE) according to the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) classification.Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was used to measure plasma BNP.OsiriX software was used to calculate the cerebral infarction volume of MRI.Results A total of 159 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled.Compared to the CE group,there were significant differences in the proportions of hyperlipidemia,atrial fibrillation,BNP ＞ 100 ng/L,and in the levels of lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and BNP,as well as in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and the infarct volume in the groups of LAA and SAO (all P ＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that atrial fibrillation (odds ratio [OR] 148.638,95％ confidence interval [CI]17.532-1 260.182; P ＜ 0.001) and BNP ＞ 100 ng/L (OR 3.490,95％ CI 1.033-11.789; P =0.044)were the independent risk factors for CE ischemic stroke.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the optimal cutoff value for predicting plasma BNP level of the CE ischemic stroke was 101.4 ng/L,and its sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive values were 80.56％,76.42％,50.00％,and 93.07％,respectively.The optimal cutoff value was used as a boundary,the patients were divided into a BNP ≤ 101.4 ng/L group and a ＞ 101.4 ng/L group.The proportions of males (P=0.031),hyperlipidemia (P=0.002) and smoking (P =0.026),as well as the levels of total cholesterol (P=0.020),triglyceride (P=0.024) and LDL-C (P=0.013) were significantly lower than those in the BNP ≤ 101.4 ng/L group,while the proportions of patients with ischemic heart disease (P ＜0.001) and atrial fibrillation (P＜0.001),as well as the NIHSS score and the infarct volume were significantly higher and larger than those in the BNP ≤ 101.4 ng/L group.Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the plasma BNP levels were significantly negatively correlated with the triglycerides (r=-0.224,P=0.004) and LDL-C (r=-0.170,P=0.032) levels,and were significantly positive correlated with the NIHSS scores (P=0.167,P=0.044) and the infarct volume (P=0.281,P＜0.001).Conclusions Plasma BNP level can be used as a biological marker for early differentiating CE from non-CE ischemic stroke,as well as identifying the severity of stroke.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect and safety of Yinao Capsul es for neurasthenia with the syndrome of liver-kidney deficiency and Qi-yin de ficiency. Methods A multi-center,randomized,single-blind and positive drug p arallel controlled trial was adopted. Three hundred and forty-two cases in the treatment group were treated with Yinao Capsules,and 111 cases in the control g roup were treated with Naolinsu Capsules. Results Yinao Capsules had a total eff ective rate of 93.6 %and the markedly effective rate of 52.1 %. Compared with Naolinsu Capsules,Yinao Capsules showed a better clinical effect (P

ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors of the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients, and to investigate the effect of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) on renal function in these patients.Methods A prospective investigation was conducted. Critically ill patients admitted to Department of Critical Care Medicine of People's Hospital of Huangshan, Wannan Medical College from March 2012 to October 2013 were enrolled. For all the patients under observation, the following data were collected: demography, comorbidities, clinical presentation, severity of illness, and the use of blood product and drugs. All patients were divided into AKI group and non-AKI group by means of Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria, then the risk factors of AKI were investigated by means of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The effect of HES 130/0.4 administration on renal function in critically ill patients was evaluated.Results 314 patients were enrolled for study out of 1 152 patients admitted. Among these patients enrolled, 89 of them were found to suffer from AKI. AKI was classified as stage 1 in 59 patients, stage 2 in 19 patients, and stage 3 in 11 patients. It was shown by the univariate analysis that 12 variables were the risk factors of AKI, including age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ (APACHEⅡ) score, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, coagulation SOFA score, neurological SOFA score, cardiovascular SOFA score, blood pH on intensive care unit (ICU) admission, blood glucose on ICU admission, accumulating dose of HES, and presence of shock (P< 0.05 orP< 0.01). However, HES administration and daily maximum dose of HES were not the risk factors of AKI in critically ill patients (bothP> 0.05). Using the multivariate logistic regression analysis, it was shown that total SOFA score [odds ratio (OR) = 1.20, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.09-1.32,P< 0.001], hypertension (OR = 2.44, 95%CI = 1.22-4.89,P= 0.012), blood glucose level on ICU admission (OR= 1.85, 95%CI = 1.32-2.59,P< 0.001), and presence of shock (OR = 3.81, 95%CI = 1.93-7.53,P< 0.001) were independent predictors of AKI in critically ill patients, however, the cumulative dose of HES was not independent risk factor for AKI (OR = 0.77, 95%CI = 0.68-0.87,P< 0.001).Conclusions Total SOFA score, hypertension, blood glucose level on ICU admission, and presence of shock were independent risk factors for AKI in critically ill patients. HES administration may not be a causative factor of an increased risk of AKI in the ICU.