Objective To investigate the risk factors for coronary artery lesions (CALs) in children with Kawasaki disease (KD) in Lanzhou. Methods One hundred and seventy-four children with diagnosed KD were divided into CAL group and non-CAL group based on the existence of concurrent CALs. The age, gender, fever duration, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) start time, IVIG dose, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum albumin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), platelet (PLT), red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin and so on were compared. Results Among the 174 children, 46 children (26.44%) were complicated by CALs and 128 children were not. The differences of average fever duration, IVIG starting time, IVIG dose, PLT, CRP, ESR and RBC were statistically signiifcant (P<0.05). Conclusions When KD children has the fever durations>10 d, start of IVIG af-ter 10 days of fever, increase of PLT, CRP and ESR and decrease of RBC, clinicians should be alert to the risk of concurrent CAL.

Objective To investigate whether poly arginine as the carrier can carry foreign proteins to penetrate the cell membrane and even penetrate the eyeball barrier.Methods Poly-Args (R9) was used as a CPP in this study.R9-green fluorescent protein (GFP) and GFP were constructed.In vitro,human lens epithelial cells were treated with these two proteins.Then,MTT assay were used to detect whether the protein could affect the proliferation of the cells.Flow cytometry and laser confocal microscopy were used to detect the penetrability of CPPs on the cells.In vivo,eyes of mice were treated with protein in eye drops way for 7 days.Then total protein were extracted,ELISA were used to detect the penetrability of CPPs.Results The results of MTT,flow cytometry and laser confocal microscopy showed that CPPs could carry protein into cells in a dose dependent manner without affecting cell proliferation.In vivo,slit lamp showed that the mice eyeballs had no any abnormal after treated by GFP,R9-GFP,and ELISA results also showed that R9 could effectively get foreign protein into the eyeball.Conelusion R9 can carry foreign protein into the cell membrane and eyeball barrier.This study provides the basis for the eye medication and dosing mode improvement.

Objective To investigate clinical features and risk factors for recurrent syncope in children with orthostatic intolerance.Methods Patients with orthostatic intolerance and syncope admitted in the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2014 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed by using t test,Chi -square test,and Fisher′s exact probability method.According to frequency of syncope,all cases were divided into 2 groups,the occasio-nal syncope group and the recurrent syncope group.All risk factors including age,gender,body mass index(BMI),in-ducement,the history of motion sickness,family history,syncope -related injuries,performance of head -up tilt table test,and outcomes of head -up tilt table test were studied statistically and compared within 2 different groups.Results A total of 83 cases were enrolled in this study.Among these children,33 cases(39.76%)were assigned as occasio-nal syncope group,in which 17 cases were male and 16 cases were female and the age ranged from 6 to 18 years with the average age of (9.70 ±2.87)years;50 cases(60.24%)were assigned as recurrent syncope group,in which 27 ca-ses were male and 23 cases were female and the age ranged from 6 to 18 years with the average age of (11.24 ±2.83) years.Of all the investigated risk factors,the BMI and the history of motion sickness were significantly different between 2 groups[(18.84 ±3.49)kg/m2 vs (18.16 ±3.68)kg/m2 ,t =4.82,P =0.001;39.39%(13 /33 cases)vs 70.00%(35 /50 cases),χ2 =7.64,P =0.006].No significant difference was found in age distribution(6 -9 years,10 -14 years,15 -18 years)between 2 groups(P =0.428).There were no significant differences in gender (male /female), family history,or syncope -related injuries between 2 groups[17 /16 cases vs 27 /23 cases;3.03%(1 /33 cases)vs 10.00%(5 /50 cases);15.15%(5 /33 cases)vs 20.00%(10 /50 cases),all P >0.05].And no significant difference was found in inducement (prolonged standing,body posture change,emotional stress/emotional stimuli,muggy environ-ment,movement)between 2 groups [78.79% (23 /33 cases)vs 72.00% (36 /50 cases);9.09% (3 /33 cases)vs 14.00%(7 /50 cases);3.03%(1 /33 cases)vs 6.00%(3 /50 cases);12.12% (4 /33 cases)vs 10.00% (5 /50 cases);3.03%(1 /33 cases)and 12.00%(6 /50 cases),all P >0.05].And performances of head -up tilt table test (blurred vision/blacked out,nausea/vomiting,sweating,dizzy/headache,palpation,anhelation /chest tightness,hot, weak)between 2 groups showed no significant differences[18.18%(6 /33 cases)vs 12.00%(6 /50 cases);36.36%(12 /33 cases)vs 50.00%(25 /50 cases);24.24%(8 /33 cases)vs 26.00%(13 /50 cases);51.52%(17 /33 cases) vs 58.00%(29 /50 cases);6.06%(2 /33 cases)vs 16.00%(8 /50 cases);27.27%(9 /33 cases)vs 22.00%(11 /33 cases);33.33%(11 /33 cases)vs 32.00%(16 /50 cases);12.12%(4 /33 cases)vs 16.00%(8 /50 cases),all P >0.05].Also there were no significant differences in outcomes of head -up tilt table test between 2 groups(P =0.589). Conclusions The risk factors for recurrent syncope in children with orthostatic intolerance were low BMI and the his-tory of motion sickness for such children,and more positive and effective clinical intervention can improve the living quality of children with orthostatic intolerance to some extent.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between orthostatic intolerance (OI) and body mass index (BMI), blood lipid and serum protein levels in children and adolescents.Methods:A total of 122 children and adolescents aged from 6 to 17 years old, who were diagnosed with OI at the Department of Pediatric Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from April 2018 to April 2019, were selected as the subjects.While, 56 children and adolescents in the health management center were selected as the healthy control group during the same period.Subjects were divided into syncope group and non-syncope group according to whether there was syncope in clinical history.The height and body mass of all children were measured, and venous blood were taken to detect blood lipids and serum protein in the morning.Date analysis were conducted with SPSS 22.0 software.Results:(1) The level of triglyceride in the OI group was lower than that in the healthy control group[(0.98±0.45) mmol/L vs. (1.28±1.04) mmol/L], and there was statistically significant( t=2.025, P<0.05); the BMI were respectively (17.56±3.23) kg/m 2 and (16.46±2.58) kg/m 2 in syncope group and non-syncope group, whose result indicated that the BMI in syncope group was higher than that in non-syncope group( t=2.085, P<0.05). (2) The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the triglyceride level was an independent risk factor for OI( OR=0.504, 95% CI: 0.272-0.931, P<0.05). (3) The receiver operating characteristic curve evaluated the predictive value of triacylgly-cerol to OI.Results showed the sensitivity and specificity of OI were respectively 72.1% and 48.2%when the triacylglycerol was 1.09 mmol/L. Conclusions:Low triglyceride level and high BMI may be susceptible factors to OI in children and adolescents.Therefore, the diet of children with OI should be highly valued by clinicians and parents.

Objective: To analyze the related factors of the onset of vasovagal syncope (VVS) in children, and to provide basis for the early prevention, early diagnosis and early treatment of VVS. Methods: A total of 126 children with syncope admitted to Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from October 2018 to September 2019 were invited in the study. Totally 73 cases of children diagnosed with VVS by HUTT were selected as VVS group, and 53 HUTT negative children were selected as control group. Related factors were retrospectively investigated, and risk factors for VVS were analyzed by univariate and multivariate regression. Results: The VVS group showed statistically significant difference in age distribution with the control group ( χ 2=19.22, P <0.05). The VVS group showed statistically significant differences of proportion in family history, syncope history, prolonged standing, electrocardiogram abnormalities, and vitamin D deficiency (43.84%，31.51%，47.95%，34.25%， 30.14 %) compared with the control group (15.09%，13.21%，20.75%，15.09%，9.43%) ( χ 2=11.71,5.67,9.79,5.83,7.82, P < 0.05 ). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age and family historywere risk factors for VVS( χ 2=3.13, 11.06, P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Age and family history may be risk factors for the onset of VVS. Active attention should be paid to the high risk factors of child patient, early identification and diagnosis can prevent the occurrence and development of VVS in children.