Objective To explore the correlation of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 overexpression (HER-2+)and mammographic and clinical features in breast cancers with estrogen receptor negative expression (ER-).Methods 190 cases of ER-breast cancer were included in this study.There were 78 cases with HER-2+,and 112 cases with HER-2-.The pathological and mammographic features were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the HER-2- group,the HER-2+ group was more in older women (P<0.001)and more likely to have a lymphonodus metastasis (P=0.011).For mammographic manifesta-tions,pure calcifications were more detected in the HER-2+ group (P=0.000),and pure masses were more detected in the HER-2-group (P<0.001).The HER-2+ group was more likely showed as a lobulated mass (P<0.001),and with spiculated margin (P=0.000). However,the HER-2- group was more likely showed as a round mass (P=0.014),and with smooth margin (P=0.000).The cal-cifications of HER-2+ group were more likely showed as malignancy calcifications (P=0.000).Conclusion HER-2 overexpression breast cancer with ER- has some mammographic and clinical features,which is helpful for individual diagnosis and treatment.

Thyroid dysfunction refers to the abnormality of thyroid hormone in the blood circulation .Hyper-thyroidism and hypothyroidism are the main clinical factors .Thyroid hormone can accelerate degradation of insulin , and can reduce the sensitivity of the organism (including the liver and peripheral tissues ) to insulin,moreover,thyroid hormone still can adjust the function of islet beta cells .Some studies have pointed out that the disorder of thyroid hormone has a certain influence on the incidence of insulin resistance .The purpose of this paper is to review the relationship between thyroid dysfunction and insulin resistance .

Objective To evaluate of value of HER2 as a prognostic marker,and to analysis associations with common his-topathological parameters in BC cases.Methods In this study,formalin-fixed,paraffin-embedded samples of tumors from 160 breast cancer patients who underwent curative surgery proce-dures between 2011 and 2014 were tested by immunohisto-chemistry (IHC)as aprimary estimate of HER2 status,followed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).Concordance rate between IHC and FISH was evaluated.Theχ2 test was used to evaluate the correlation between HER2 gene amplifica-tion status and different clinical pathological features including:(estrogen receptor)ER and (progesterone receptor)PR ex-pression,age,menopausal status and tumor size.Results There was a significant inverse association between expression of hormone receptors (ER and PR)and HER2 amplification (all P<0.05)among the patients studied.However,no relation-ship was observed between HER2 amplification and age,menopausal status and tumor size (P>0.05).HER2-negative le-sions were of higher grade and more likely to be ER-negative,PR-negative,p5 3-positive,lymph node metastasis,and also Ki-67≥20% as compared to the HER2-positive group and HER2 overe xpression was associated with the levels of ER and PR. Conclusion There is correlation of many clinical factors with HER2 expression.

CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T cells (Treg) have been found to down-regulate immune activation in HIV-1 infection. However, whether the depletion of Treg benefits to the disease status of HIV infection remains undefined. To address this issue, we enumerated the Treg absolute counts and frequency in 75 antiviral-na(i)ve HIV-1-infected individuals in this study. It was found that HIV-infected patients displayed a significant decline in Treg absolute counts but a significant increase in Treg frequency. In addition, with disease progression indicated by CD4 T-cell absolute counts, circulating Treg frequency gradually increased; while Treg absolute counts were gradually decreased, suggesting that the alteration of Treg number closely correlated with disease progression in HIV infection.Functional analysis further showed that Treg efficiently inhibit both CD4 and CD8 T cell proliferation in vitro. Thus, our findings indicates that Treg actively participate in pathogenesis of chronic HIV infection,influencing the disease progression.

Objective To explore the preventive therapeutic effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on acute ischemic stroke in rats under ultrasound combined with microbubbles.Methods Twenty-seven healthy SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group (n=9),BDNF group (n=9) and BDNF plus ultrasound group (n=9),then middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models were established.The concentration of BDNF in targeted brain tissue was measured at 24 h after operation.MRI examination and behavioral assessment were performed at 1,3 and 7 days after operation.Results The concentration of BDNF in BDNF plus ultrasound group was significantly higher than that in BDNF group and sham operation group (all P＜0.05).The infarct size in BDNF group gradually reduced with time increase,and the infarct size was significantly smaller than that of BDNF group at the 7th day.The behavioral assessment had a significant statistical difference between BDNF plus ultrasound group and BDNF group at the 7th day after the operation (P＜0.05).Conclusion The preventive therapeutic effect of BDNF could be enhanced by ultrasound in the rat model with acute ischemic stroke,which can significantly reduce the size of the infarct and improve the behavior of the rats.