KPNA2 is a member of the karyopherin family. Given its function in nucleocytoplasmic transport, KPNA2 mediates the trans-location of various proteins and is involved in numerous cellular processes, such as cellular differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, transcriptional regulation, immune response, and viral infection. Several studies have recently demonstrated that KPNA2 is upregulat-ed in multiple malignancies. Its aberrant expression is often associated with adverse outcomes in affected patients, indicating that KP-NA2 plays a significant role in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. These findings are supported by previous studies, which reported that KPNA2 may have a functional role in the malignant transformation of cells. This study provides an overview of the research prog-ress in KPNA2 and its functional roles in multiple cancers.

Objective: To observe the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa) in young men. Methods: Twenty-eight early onset (≤55 years) patients with PCa pathologically confirmed in the Peking University Third Hospital and Peking University Shougang Hospital from January 1st 2000 to August 31st 2016 were collected. There were 18 radical prostatectomy (RP) cases and 10 transrectal prostatic biopsy cases. Contemporaneously, 445 elderly (>55 years) patients were collected, of which 385 had detailed pathological information, were chosen as control group. The mean age of young group was 51 years (29-55 years). Follow-up data for 22 cases were available (1-110 months). The correlation of the clinicopathological features and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Presurgical prostatic specific antigen (PSA) level was abnormal in young patients, with 18 cases (64.3%) had elevated fPSA level, 26 (92.9%) had increased tPSA level, and 26 (92.9%) had decreased fPSA/tPSA ratio. Gleason score (GS) was 8 in 10.7% (3/28) of cases, and 9 in 42.9% (12/28) of cases. Of the 18 patients with RP, 17 (94.4%) had pT stage ≥pT2c. PSA level (P=0.006) and GS (P=0.001) were positively correlated with pT stage. Family history of PCa in 1st degree relatives was found in 9.1% of the cases. During follow-up, 2 patients died of PCa, 7 patients showed progression within 24 months. There were no significant differences in PSA level and GS between young patients and elderly patients, while the former group was more likely to have incontinence (P=0.023), higher PSA levels (P=0.001), and lower overall survival (P=0.049). Only postsurgical PSA level was found to be negatively associated with overall survival (P=0.030) and cancer specific survival (P=0.021) in young patients. Conclusions Presurgical PSA level and GS are positively correlated with pT stage of early onset PCa. Compared with elderly patients, young patients are more likely to have incontinence, higher postsurgical PSA level, and lower overall survival. Among all the parameters, only postsurgical PSA level shows an adverse impact on prognosis of early onset PCa. Young patients, especially those with family history, may benefit from studies on the susceptibility loci and phenotype of PCa.

Objective To evaluate the clinical and pathological features of patients with prostate cancer who had only one positive biopsy core and underwent radical prostatectomy ( RP).Methods A total of 62 patients with prostate cancer who had only one positive biopsy core and underwent RP were enrolled .The clinicopathological features of the biopsy and RP were analyzed.Those factors that may cause discordance of Gleason score ( GS ) and influence pathological T ( pT ) stage on RP were further evaluated.Results Out of the 62 patients, 40 ( 64.5%) had pT stage ≥pT2c.The positive surgical margins, extraprostatic extension and seminal vesicle invasion were found in 17.7%( 11/62 ), 9.7%(6/62) and 3.2%(2/62) of patients, respectively.Compared to GS of RP, that of biopsy specimens was concordant in 39 ( 62.9%) , higher in 6 ( 9.7%) , and lower in 17 ( 27.4%) patients.There was no significant correlation between GS discordance and age , preoperative PSA level , FPSA/TPSA or maximum percentage of cancer per core (P>0.05).The maximum percentage of cancer per core (χ2 =6.670 7,P=0.009 8) and biopsy GS (χ2 =4.020 0, P =0.045 0 ) were significantly related to the pT stage on RP.Conclusions Single positive core prostate cancer at biopsy should not be considered as a low-risk disease.Although the preoperative clinicopathological factors cannot predict lower GS on biopsy , the maximum percentage of cancer per core and GS on biopsy are of significance to the pT stage on RP .