ObjectiveTo investigate the predictor and prophylaxis of cardiovascular events in diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients. MethodsFifty-eight cases of DN patients were assigned randomizedly to two groups. Conventional treatment group(33 cases) received conventional treatment, and ginkgo biloba extract group(30 cases) received extra ginkgo biloba extract capsules treatment. Plasma examination for blood fat, blood pressure(Bp), brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) and echocardiogram was performed every 3 months. All the patients were followed-up for the occurrence of cardiovascular events. ResultsThere were no significant differences in age, sex, Bp, blood fat, serum creatinine, hemoglobin,BNP, left ventricular E/A and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in two groups at the time of recruitment. After treatment of 12 months, the level of plasma BNP decreased significantly in ginkgo biloba extract group and maintained in the lower levels throughout the follow-up compared with that in conventional treatment group(P＜ 0.01 ). After treatment of 18 and 24 months, left ventricular E/A and LVEF were better in ginkgo biloba extract group than those in conventional treatment group(P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05 ). In ginkgo biloba extract group, the level of plasma BNP after treatment of 12 months had correlation with left ventricular E/A and LVEF after treatment of 24 months (r =0.61, -0.68, P ＜ 0.05 ). Survival analysis indicated that the level of plasma BNP was a predictor of cardiovascular event in DN patients. ConclusionThe level of plasma BNP can be used as a predictor of cardiovascular event in DN patients,and ginkgo biloba extract capsules can decrease the level of plasma BNP and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events in DN patients.

Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) can catalyze the degradation of a variety of amine neurotransmitter,including serotonin.The abnormalities of these neurotransmitter are closely associated with many psychiatric disorders.Studies have found that MAOA is polymorphic,with a low activity variant (MAOA-L),and a high activity variant (MAOA-H).In this review,through the studies of early stress on human and animal models,the effects of early stress and MAOA polymorphism on the behavior and emotional loop of individuals are analyzed.Analysis shows that,MAOA-L,versus MAOA-H,is more plastic.In early adverse environment,MAOA-L will increase the risk of adult violence,and in the early of energetically favorable environment will reduce the incidence of violence.Abnormality is more likely to occur in the emotional processing and cognitive function in the neural affective loop of individuals with MAOA-L,which makes them more environmentally susceptible than those with MAOA-H.

Objective To investigate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of hematological malignancies with t(1 1;19)(q23;p13.1).Methods Chromosome specimens of bone marrow cell from a patient with hematological malignancy were collected.After short-term culture,and chromosome karyotype analysis was carried out by R banding technique.Results The chromosome karyotype of the patient diagnosed with AML M4+ was t (11;19)(q23;p13.1).The patient did not obtain complete remission after application of MA regimen chemotherapy.Conclusions t(11;19)(q23;p13.1) translocation is a rare and recurring chromosome abnormality,which is related with a specific type of AML.The prognosis of the AML patients with this chromosome abnormality is poor.

Objective To explore the value of combined measurement of urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity and serum Cystatin C in diagnosing diabetic nephropathy (DN) in early phase. Methods Sixty-two cases with type 2 diabetes (diabetic group) were divided into three groups according to their 24 hours urinary albumin excretion (24hUAE) : group A (normal albuminuria, 20 cases), group B (microalbuminuria, 22 cases) and group C (macroalbuminuria, 20 cases). Furthermore, 30 healthy people were involved in control group. 24hUAE,NAG,serum creatinine (SCr) and serum Cystatin C were measured, and endogenous creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) was calculated by Cockcroft-Gault formula. All these indexes among three groups were compared. Results The levels of urinary NAG activity and serum Cystafin C in diabetic group was significantly higher and Ccr was significantly lower than those in control group(P < 0.01). The levels of urinary NAG activity and serum cystatin C gradually increased in group A, B and C(P< 0.05 or < 0.01). While no significant difference was observed between group A and group B in the level of SCr (P > 0.05). There were significant positive correlations among the levels of urinary NAG activity, serum Cystatin C,24hUAE and SCr (P< 0.01),and all above showed negative correlations with Ccr (P<0.01). Co-detection of urinary NAG activity and serum Cystatin C had significantly higher positive rate [80.6%(50/62)] than single one [58.1%(36/62),61.3%(38/62)](P<0.05). Conclusion Co-detection of urinary NAG activity and serum Cystatin C may indicate early renal damage in DN, and it is valuable in diagnosing DN in early phase.

Objective To understand the distribution of inhaled allergens throughout Hainan province and explore effective preventive measures against allergen by examining the serum allergen of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), which will provide evidence for specific immunotherapy for treating CRS. Methods Three hundred and eighteen CRS patients underwent Phadiatop blood test by using the UniCAP 100 , a completely automatic autoanalyser. Allergen-specific IgE of 7 common allergens were tested and the concentration of total immunoglobulin E (TIgE) was collected and evaluated. Results The positive rates of the serum TIgE and inhaled allergens were 64.15% and 37.74% respectively. The incidences of the positive serum SIgE is 33.96%. Among the positive cases, 28.30% of the inhaled allergens were dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, 27.36% for tropical mites, 21.07% for dermatophagoides farinae, 13.52% for cockroach, 11. 64% for house dust, 7. 86% for cat dander and 0.63% for dog dander. The incidences of positive TIgE and SIgE were not significantly different between patients with nasal polyps and sinusitis only. Conclusions Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, tropical mites and dermatophagoides farinae are the main inhaled allergens for CRS patients in Hainan.

The incidence of open femoral fractures is relatively low, primarily caused by high-energy trauma and often associated with multiple injuries. The management of open femoral fractures is considered one of the most challenging lower limb injuries due to their serious nature, multiple traumas, high disability rate, high infection rate, and high amputation rate. Most scholars currently recommend that open grade I and grade II fractures of the femur be treated with thorough debridement and open reduction, and internal fixation at the initial stage when the patients are in good condition. However, for open grade III femur fractures, many studies still show that staged treatment strategies are preferred, but the fixation method at the initial stage is still controversial. For patients with severe open femoral fractures, the medical team should create an individualized treatment plan, taking into account the patient's and family's preferences, the medical team's experience, and available resources, rather than simply relying on the salvage or amputation scoring system to make the final decision. This review discusses the epidemiology, classification, surgical management options, and strategies for limb salvage and amputation in the treatment of open femur fractures, providing practical guidance for healthcare professionals who manage these patients.