E-Cadherin is one of the Ca2+-dependent cell adhesion molecule family.It plays an important role in maintaining the normal morphology and structural integrity of epithelial cells.This review aims to clarify the structure,function and regulation etc.of E-Cadherin.

Objective:To investigate the value of combined detection of biomarkers in early diagnosis and prognosis of patients with septic myocardial injury.Methods:The clinical data of 103 patients with sepsis admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College of Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology from October 2018 to January 2021 were enrolled. According to the cardiac troponin I (cTnI) at admission of ICU, they were divided into septic myocardial injury group (cTnI ≥ 0.15 μg/L) and non-septic myocardial injury group (cTnI < 0.15 μg/L). The serum levels of heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP), procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB), cTnI and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) within 6 hours after ICU admission and the worst value of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) score within 24 hours after ICU admission in 103 patients was recorded as well as the 28-day prognosis of patient with septic myocardial injury. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of each index; receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was drawn, and the area under ROC curve (AUC) was calculated to analyze the early diagnosis and prognostic value of each index and APACHEⅡ score alone or combined detection in patients with septic myocardial injury.Results:① Among 103 patients with sepsis, 58 patients were complicated with myocardial injury and 45 patients were not complicated with myocardial injury. The serum levels of PCT, CRP, NT-proBNP, CK-MB, cTnI, H-FABP and APACHEⅡ score in patients with septic myocardial injury were significantly higher than those in patients without septic myocardial injury [PCT (μg/L): 3.46±1.35 vs. 1.89±0.43, CRP (mg/L): 81.1±26.8 vs. 65.3±19.1, NT-proBNP (U/L): 8 261.4±2 346.9 vs. 6 120.2±1 809.6, CK-MB (U/L): 15.89±6.25 vs. 12.14±4.24, cTnI (μg/L): 1.50 (0.91, 2.21) vs. 0.18 (0.16, 0.19), H-FABP (μg/L): 26.45±8.24 vs. 12.82±5.73, APACHEⅡ score: 24.0 (18.0, 29.0) vs. 16.0 (14.0, 18.0), all P < 0.01]. Spearman correlation analysis showed that PCT, CRP and APACHEⅡ scores were positively correlated with NT-proBNP, CK-MB, cTnI and H-FABP. ROC curve analysis showed that H-FABP in the diagnosis of septic myocardial injury (AUC = 0.916) was superior to NT-proBNP (AUC = 0.756) and CK-MB (AUC = 0.675); the AUC of NT-proBNP and CK-MB combined with H-FABP was 0.921, the sensitivity was 82.1%, and the specificity was 88.2%.② Twenty-three patients survived in 28 days, and 35 died. The levels of serum PCT, CRP, NT-proBNP, CK-MB, cTnI, H-FABP and APACHEⅡ score in death group were significantly higher than those in survival group [PCT (μg/L): 3.86±1.27 vs. 2.84±1.24, CRP (mg/L): 92.3 (65.0, 101.7) vs. 74.3 (65.7, 79.8), NT-proBNP (ng/L): 9 106.4±2 013.9 vs. 6 975.5±2 266.7, CK-MB (U/L): 17.90±6.49 vs. 12.82±4.46, cTnI (μg/L): 2.11±0.86 vs. 1.12±0.44, H-FABP (μg/L): 30.08±7.90 vs. 20.93±5.14, APACHEⅡ score: 25.0 (20.0, 30.0) vs. 19.0 (17.0, 24.0), all P < 0.01]. ROC curve analysis showed that H-FABP in evaluating 28-day death of patients with septic myocardial injury (AUC = 0.839) was superior to PCT (AUC = 0.707), CRP (AUC = 0.716), NT-proBNP (AUC = 0.761), CK-MB (AUC = 0.733), cTnI (AUC = 0.824) and APACHEⅡ score (AUC = 0.724); the AUC of NT-proBNP and cTnI combined with H-FABP was 0.888, the sensitivity was 91.4%, and the specificity was 82.6%. Conclusions:H-FABP plays an important role in the early diagnosis and prognosis of septic myocardial injury. Early combined detection of NT-proBNP, CK-MB and H-FABP can significantly improve the diagnostic ability of septic myocardial injury, and NT-proBNP and cTnI combined with H-FABP can significantly improve the ability to predict the adverse prognosis of sepsis myocardial injury.

Objective To investigate the level of nurses′preparedness and influencing factors of nurses with low seniority in Anhui province. Methods Totally 295 nurses with low seniority were recruited by convenience sampling method. They were investigated by a self-designed demographic data questionnaire and the Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool. Results The score of the disaster nursing ability of the nursing managers was 163.85 ± 32.41, the mean score was 3.64 ± 0.72. Regression analysis showed that the gender, the experience of disaster rescue,disaster training were the influencing factors of disaster preparedness. Conclusions The capacity of disaster preparedness for nurses is not ideal. There is still room for improvement among nurses in Anhui province to enhance disaster preparedness, and improved disaster nursing training system is needed to achieve this.

Objective To analyze the mammographic findings of triple-negative breast cancer [TNBC,which is estrogen receptor (ER) negative,progesterone receptor (PR) negative,and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 ( HER2 ) negative ] and triple-positive breast cancer ( TPBC,which is ER positive,PR positive,and HER2 positive ),and to evaluate the relationship of immunohistochemologic receptor status and mammographic findings.MethodsThe immunohistochemistry results of 631 cases with breast cancers were reviewed,including 117 cases of TNBC and 44 cases of TPBC.All of the patients took mammography at initial diagnosis.We retrospectively evaluated the visibility,morphology,distribution and size of the lesion (masses and calcifications) and breast density on mammography of TNBC,and compared them with those of TPBC.The age onset and tumor sizes of TNBC and TPBC were compared by using Chi-square test and t test.ResultsThe visibility rate of TNBC and TPBC on mammography were 88.0％(103/117) and 90.9％ (40/44),and the difference between them was insignificant ( x2 =0.055,P ＞0.05).TNBC was more frequently associated with merely a mass (56/103) than TPBC (12/40) (x2 =6.860,P＜0.01 ),and the mean diameter of the mass of TNBC [ ( 2.6 ± 1.4 ) cm ] was larger than that of TPBC [(2.0 ± 0.6) cm](t =2.087,P ＜ 0.05). TNBC were less frequently associated with microcalcifications (37/103) than TPBC ( 24/40 ) ( x2 =7.423,P ＜ 0.01 ).Mammographic density and lesion visibility were similar between the two different immunophenotypes of breast cancers.The mean age of TNBC (52±9) was more than that of TPBC (48 ±8) (t =2.759,P ＜0.01).Infiltrating ductal carcinoma was the main pathologic type of both groups.Basal-like breast cancer accounted for 49％ (57/117 ) of TNBC while none happened in TPBC.ConclusionsTNBC shows merely a mass with indistinct margins,lager size and is less associated with microcalcifications.These mammographic features might be useful in diagnosing triple negative breast cancer.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of knee osteoarthritis treated by abdominal acupuncture combined with sodium hyaluronate injected in intraarticular.Methods 120 patients with knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into observation group and control group,60 patients in each group.The observation group was treated by abdominal acupuncture combined with sodium hyaluronate injected in intraarticular.The control group was treated with intraarticular injection of sodium hyaluronate alone.Results After a follow up of 6 months, the total effective rate of the treatment group was 95.00%,which was higher than 78.33% of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (x2=7.21,P<0.01).Conclusion Abdominal acupuncture combined with intraarticular injection of sodium hyaluronate is a good way to treat middle and old age patients with knee osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the significance of additional 180-degree roll test (RT) in the determination of affected side in patients with horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal vertigo (HSC-BPPV). METHOD: One hundred and six patients with HSC-BPPV were performed the 90 degree RT. patients whose affected side cannot be determined by 90 degree RT were performed 180 degree roll test. RESULT: The affected side was deter- mined by the 180 degree RT in 10 cases in which the lesion side cannot be determined by the 90-degree RT. CONCLUSION The affected side of HSC BPPV was able to be determined by 180 degree RT when it not possible to be determined by 90 degree RT. 180 degree RT is an effective and simple additional method.
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ; diagnosis ; Head Movements ; Humans ; Posture ; Rotation ; Semicircular Canals ; Vertigo

Objective To analyze the main practices of capitation payment system reform in the case areas and put forward enlightenments and suggestions in this regard. Methods The implementation practices of the case areas were summarized, and descriptive statistical analysis was carried out on the implementation effects. Results By analyzing the effectiveness of the case areas′reform, it was found that the case areas are curbing the excessive growth of medical expenses (for example, outpatient fees per visit of Dingyuan county-level hospitals decreased from 245.11 yuan in 2015 to 218.40 yuan in 2017), increasing the actual compensation ratio of residents ( for example, the actual compensation ratio of Funan increased from 59.80% in 2015 to 63.28% in 2017), forming a medical treatment pattern within the county (for example, out-of-county compensation ratio in Dingyuan decreased from 37.38% in 2015 to 31.13% in 2017), achieving double-way referrals (for example, the number of referrals to superior hospitals of Jimo increased from 98 in 2015 to 328 in 2017), improving the subsidence of quality services, and controlling the risks of medical insurance funds. Conclusions At present, the reform of the case areas has been implemented steadily and achieved results. It is recommended to further improve such aspects as reform coordination, insurance standard setting, incentive mechanism establishment, and leadership to ensure the reform progress.

Mycobacterium (M.) vaccae is a fast-growing species of saprophytic bacteria that is widely distributed. To understand the host immune responses induced by M. vaccae isolated from bovine submaxillary lymph nodes, C57BL/6 mice were infected with reference strain M. vaccae Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and isolated M. vaccae using intraperitoneal injections. Comparison of the bacterial replication and organ pathology between M. vaccae and M. vaccae BCG revealed that M. vaccae was more malignant than M. vaccae in mice. We also demonstrated that serum from the M. vaccae-infected mice contained a higher expression level of gamma-interferon (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-12, IL-10 and transforming growth factor beta than did the other groups, especially after week 4. Furthermore, when the numbers of CD3⁺CD4⁺IFN-γ⁺ and CD3⁺CD4⁺IL4⁺ cells in the infected mice were observed by flow cytometry, we found that a powerful T helper 1 (Th1) response was induced by M. vaccae infection, which was associated with the emergence of CD3⁺CD4⁺IFN-γ⁺ cells. However, the Th1 response declined over time, which was associated with appearance of the CD4⁺CD25⁺FoxP3⁺ and CD4⁺CD25⁺CD152⁺Treg cell reaction. In addition, a strong Th2 response was found. Finally, we found that M. vaccae infection increased the production of type I IFNs, which was associated with a reduced Th1 response.
Animals ; Bacillus ; Bacteria ; Chemokine CCL2 ; Flow Cytometry ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Interferon-gamma ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-12 ; Interleukins ; Lymph Nodes ; Mice* ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Mycobacterium* ; Pathology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the inflammation response and K(ATP) channel damage happened because of acute injury after functional electrical stimuli (FES) act on the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). METHOD: Thirty rabbits were divided into 3 groups by 10 rabbits for each group. The unilateral RNL were stimulated by FES with cuff electrode in first group. There was electrode on the RNL without FES in second group. The third group was normal control. The electrical generator and isolation unit provide electrical stimulation to the RLN at 50 Hz, with 4 mA current, for 2ms pulse duration. The total train duration was 5 seconds (2 seconds on; 3 seconds off). The RLN were collected in 1 hour after 3 hours electrical stimuli. We measured mRNA expression of injury acute response inflammation cytokine IL-10, TGF-beta1, TNF-alpha and K(ATP) Subunit protein Kir6.1, Kir6.2, SUR2AB, using real-time reverse transcribed-polymerase chain reaction. PCR products were verified by electrophoresis in agarose gels. We investigated the vocal synchronic adductive movement with RLN FES by endoscopy. We investigated the nerve local RNL morphological burn. Data were analyzed with the One-way ANOVA analysis of SPSS version 13.0 for Windows. RESULT: There were no significance difference among three groups in mRNA expression of inflammation cytokines IL-10, TGF-beta1, TNF-alpha and K(ATP) channel protein Kir6.1, Kir6., SUR2AB. We did not find the nerve morphological burn in all rabbits RLN. The vocal synchronic adductive movement were normal during stimuli time. CONCLUSION The short duration functional electrical stimuli do not cause mRNA expression change of K(ATP) channel and acute inflammation cytokine in recurrent laryngeal nerve.
Animals ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Electric Stimulation ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-10 ; metabolism ; KATP Channels ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rabbits ; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ; metabolism ; physiology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Pilot areas have achieved initial success in capitation reform. On the other hand, challenges remain unsolved in terms of practical pathways, change of national medical insurance management system, related measures, incentives and allocative mechanism for implement of the reform. With the concerning on progress, practice, effects and challenges of typical areas, this article established an institutional framework. On such basis, we propose to design and refine a scheme in terms of 5 aspects, namely strengthening the basic medical care packages′financing, setting contents and standard of the basic medical care packages rationally, establishing effective evaluation system and formulating supporting measures.