Objective:To evaluate the effect of eye-covering pretreatment on acute delirium in ophthalmology preschool-age children who underwent binocular and monocular surgery by general anesthesia.Methods:The 300 preschool-age children who underwent general anesthesia of elective ophthalmic surgery in the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, from August 2019 to February 2021 were selected as the research object. They were divided into control group and blindfold group with 150 cases each by random number-table. Children in the control group received regular education on cartoon animation videos before surgery; children in the blindfold group received eye-covering pretreatment on the basis of cartoon animation videos(monocular surgery with monocular cover, binocular surgery with binocular cover). The Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS) , the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale(NU-DESC), the incidence rate of delirium and the score of postoperative nursing difficulty were compared between two groups.Results:The 271 cases were completed in this study, including 129 cases(monocular surgery 66 cases, binocular surgery 63 cases) in the blindfold group and 142 cases (monocular surgery 73 cases, binocular surgery 69 cases) in the control group. The preoperative m-YPAS score, the postoperative NU-DESC score, the incidence rate of acute delirium and postoperative nursing care difficulty score of monocular surgery in the blindfold group , monocular surgery was (40.28 ± 15.02) points, 1.00 (0.00, 2.00) points, 27.3%(18/66), 1.00 (1.00, 2.00) points,and binocular surgery was (41.69 ± 16.35) points, 1.00 (0.00, 2.00), 39.7%(25/63), 1.00(1.00, 2.00); in the control group, monocular surgery was (46.28 ± 15.76) points, 2.00 (1.00, 3.00) points, 67.1% (49/73), 2.00 (1.00, 3.00) points, and binocular surgery was (47.77 ± 14.82) points, 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) points, 82.6% (57/69) and 2.00 (1.50, 3.00) points respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t= -2.29, -2.24, Z values were -5.74 - -2.95, χ2= 32.94, 25.78, all P<0.05). The preoperative m-YPAS score, the postoperative NU-DESC score, the incidence rate of acute delirium and postoperative nursing care difficulty score of monocular surgery patients in the blindfold group had no significantly statistical difference with that of binocular surgery patient (all P>0.05) . Conclusions:Monocular/ binocular eye-covering pretreatment can effectively decrease the preoperative m-YPAS score, the postoperative NU-DESC score, incidence rate of acute delirium and the postoperative nursing care difficulty in preschool-age children who underwent general anesthesia both monocular or binocular surgery. There was no difference in the application effect of monocular or binocular surgery.

Objective Exploring the relationship between anxiety symptoms and neurometabolism in the ventrome-dial prefrontal cortex(vmPFC)of adolescents with bipolar depression.Methods Thirty-six adolescent patients with bi-polar depression were assessed and grouped by using the 14-item Hamilton anxiety rating scale(HAMA),including 20 pa-tients with anxiety symptoms and 16 patients without anxiety symptoms.The severity of depressive symptoms was assessed using the 24-Hamilton depression scale(HAMD),and 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H-MRS)was used.The dif-ference of vmPFC neurometabolism between 2 groups was compared.Results Compared with the group without anxiety symptoms,the HAMD score[24.50(24.00,26.75)vs.23.00(22.00,24.00)]and the proportion of family history(40.0%vs.0)were significantly higher in the group with anxiety symptoms than in the group without anxiety symptoms(P<0.05).The level of mI/Cr was higher in the group with anxiety symptoms than that in the group without anxiety symptoms(0.58±0.12 vs.0.47±0.11),and the difference was significant(P<0.05).Cho/Cr and HAMD scores in patients with anxiety symptoms were positively correlated(r=0.589,P=0.006),and mI/Cr was negatively correlated with disease duration(r=-0.481,P= 0.032).Conclusions Anxiety symptoms in adolescent bipolar depression patients may be related to elevated levels of mI,a neurometabolite in the brain region of vmPFC.