Background and purpose:The non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been the highest disease incidence in lung cancer, sputum cytology diagnosis has become an important adjunct to the early diagnosis of lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of thinprep cytological and immunocytochemical method in differentiatial diagnosis of exfoliated cells of malignant sputum in NSCLC. Methods:Sputum samples were detected with thinprep cytology test, a total of 530 cases suspicious tumor cells and malignant tumor cells sputum specimens were randomly selected in continuous paraffin-embedded sections, respectively, NSCLC tumor cell markers CK7, CK5/6, TTF-1, P63, EMA were evaluted by immunocytochemical staining. Results:Of the 530 cases of malignant sputum, these were confirmed 265 cases of lung adenocarcinoma, 246 cases of squamous carcinoma, 19 cases of adeno-squamous carcinoma. Moreover, TTF-1 and CK7 were signiifcantly higher expressed in adenocarcinoma, the positive rates were 92.45%(245/265) and 91.70%(243/265);CK5/6 and P63 were signiifcantly higher expressed in squamous carcinoma, the positive rates were 97.15% (239/246) and 99.59% (245/246). Conclusion: Liquid-based cytology combined with immunocytochemistry had important clinical value in classification and identification of sputum samples, the combination of CK7, CK5/6, TTF-1, P63, EMA can be used for classiifcation and identiifcation of malignant sputum samples between NSCLC, is worthy of promoting in clinical cytopathology diagnosis.

Objective To establish the method for determination of bromate in drinking water by eluent generator suppressed conductivity ion chromatography.Methods Used application of American Dionex ICS-2100 ion chromatograph and EGC-III eluent automatic generator for ion chromatography gradient elution method to do determination of bromate in drinking water [IonPac AS19 (4×250 mm)].Eluent generator produced KOH online,gradient elution,Flow rate:1.0 ml/min.Results The method was linear in the range of Y =-0.000 609 7+0.000 873 1X,r =0.999 9,high precision (CV% < 1.5).The samples average of recovery was 99.5%~100.8%.The lowest detection limit was 0.50 μg/L.Conclusion Ion chromatog-raphy gradient elution method for the determination of bromate in drinking water was simple,rapid,and sensitive.It can be suitable for determination of bromate in drinking water.

Objective To investigate the development of auditory and speech skills and the safety and stability among the prelingually deaf children with Nurotron Venus cochlear implants.Methods A total of 78 cochlear implant subjects were recruited from the first of affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou university.They were divided into 5 groups according to the ages at the time of implantation: group A(between 13 and 24 months), group B(between 25 and 36 months),group C(between 37 and 48 months),group D(between 49 and 72 months),group E(between 73 and 96 months).Children were evaluated by IT-MAIS(group A and B) and MAIS(group C,D and E) before the surgery and 1 month,3 months,6 months, and 12 months after surgery.All children were evaluated by MUSS questionnaires 1 months, 3 months,6 months,and 12 months after surgery.Post-operative cochlear radiographs determine the position of the CIs.The complications and usage of The CIs were followed up.Results The auditory and speech ability of children with CIs improved constantly.The auditory and speech of different groups were statistically significant.All the surgeries of 78 cases Nurotron-Venus cochlear implants were successful.Post-operative cochlear radiographs showed electrodes in the normal position.2 cases had processor failures.The remaining CIs were implanted completely.Conclusion Within 1 year, the ability of auditory and speech improved gradually.The scores of auditory and speech about the small age groups are lower than older children in the early days.There is no influence on the audition in 12 months.Small children's scores of speech are lower than older children in 12 months.The better ability to integrate auditory information is , the better the ability to speak is.The Nurotron CIs work safety and effectively.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of indomethacin on the migration of breast cancer cell line MCF-7 in vitro and investigate the mechanism involved.MethodsThe migration of MCF-7 cell line stimulated with or without indomethacin were tested using transwell plates consisting upper and lower chambers separated by Millipore polycarbonate membrance filters with 8 μm pore sizes; the levels of chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4),cyclooxygenase(COX-2),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)expression in MCF-7 cell line were detected by flow cytometry,Real-time PCR and ELISA,respectively.Results Indomethacin decreased the migration ability of MCF-7 cell line significandy.CXCR4 membrane expression was significantly reduced in a time-dose dependent manner,and CXCR4,COX-2 and EGFR mRNA levels were significantly downregulated after indomethacin stimulation.However,exposure to indometahcin had no major effect on VEGF production of cells.ConclusionThe downregulation of CXCR4,COX-2 and EGFR expression might be the primary mechanism involved in the inhibitory effect of indomethacin on the migration of MCF-7 cell line.

Objective To research and design-an personal dosimeter system to provide data for nuclear radiation injury protection.Methods The overall architecture,hardware module and software of the system were designed with ZigBee wireless network technology and the principle.The system was composed of a terminal node,a router and a coordinator.Results The system could collect the information on nuclear radiation dosage of the serviceman within 1 km,and then the data were uploaded with the wireless network.Conclusion The system gains advantages in low power consumption,low cost,low interference and etc,and plays a very important role for commander to hold the combatants' nuclear radiation dose in the battlefield.In addition the system can also be applied in civilian field to enhance the personal dose management.

ObjectiveToll-like receptors (TLRs) play important role in the progression and tumor immunity of some types of cancer,some research have demonstrated that agonist of TLR3 can trigger apoptosis of cancers.This study was proposed to investigate if Poly(I:C),the specific agonist of TLR3,could impact proliferation or apoptosis of progressive breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231,and to investigate the primary mechanism of the function.MethodsExpression of TLR1-10 mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to determine the inhibitory effect of Poly(I:C) on proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells.Cell apoptosis was assayed by flow cytometry with V-FITC/PI staining.Results First,the toll-like receptors 1-10 were all expressed on MDA-MB-231 cells,while the expression level of TLR8 was lower than that of others.Second,according to the CCK-8,the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells was inhibited,but the apoptosis was not affected on the basis of Apoptosis Kit.At last,the mRNA expression of TNF-α、IFN-β and IFN-γ were elevated approximately 20 times after Poly(I:C) stimulation for 6 hours.ConclusionMDA-MB-231 cells express all toll-like receptors on mRNA level,and TLR8 was expressed lower than others.The stimulation of TLR3 with Poly(I:C) can inhibit the proliferation of MDA-MB-231,but had no effect on apoptosis.TNF-α、IFN-β and IFN-γ maybe participate in this process.

OBJECTIVES: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has a substantial financial impact on healthcare systems in the US. This study aimed to examine the impact of CVD on health insurance coverage and health service use under economic stress as indicated by the Great Recession in the US (December 2007–June 2009). METHODS: Data of 26,483 adults aged ≥ 20 years from the 2003–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. There were 9,479 adults assigned to the group “before the Great Recession” (2003–2006), 5,674 adults assigned to “during the Great Recession” (2007–2008), and 11,330 adults assigned to “after the Great Recession” (2009–2012). RESULTS: Patients with CVD from low-income families were more likely to have health insurance during the recession (OR:1.57, 95% CI: 1.01,2.45). Those participants without CVD, who were from low-income families or < 65 years, were more likely to use the emergency room rather than primary care facilities to gain access to routine healthcare (p < 0.05). Patients with CVD from high-income families were also more likely to use the emergency room (p < 0.05). Patients with CVD but not those without CVD, who reported a high family income or were ≥ 65 years old, were less likely to use mental health services during the recession than before the recession. CONCLUSION: Effective strategies need to be developed to promote primary care use among the general adult American population. In addition, use of mental health services among patients with CVD needs to be improved when financial stress occurs.
Adult ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Chronic Disease ; Cost of Illness ; Delivery of Health Care ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Health Services ; Humans ; Insurance, Health ; Mental Health Services ; Nutrition Surveys ; Primary Health Care

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disease characterized by the overproduction of granulocytes, which leads to high white blood cell counts and splenomegaly in patients. Based on clinical symptoms and laboratory findings, CML is classified into three clinical phases, often starting with a chronic phase, progressing to an accelerated phase and ultimately ending in a terminal phase called blast crisis. Blast crisis phase of CML is clinically similar to an acute leukemia; in particular, B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a severe form of acute leukemia in blast crisis, and there is no effective therapy for it yet. CML is induced by the BCR-ABL oncogene, whose gene product is a BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. Currently, inhibition of BCR-ABL kinase activity by its kinase inhibitor such as imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) is a major therapeutic strategy for CML. However, the inability of BCR-ABL kinase inhibitors to completely kill leukemia stem cells (LSCs) indicates that these kinase inhibitors are unlikely to cure CML. In addition, drug resistance due to the development of BCRABL mutations occurs before and during treatment of CML with kinase inhibitors. A critical issue to resolve this problem is to fully understand the biology of LSCs, and to identify key genes that play significant roles in survival and self-renewal of LSCs. In this review, we will focus on LSCs in CML by summarizing and discussing available experimental results, including the original studies from our own laboratory.
5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Benzamides ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; antagonists & inhibitors ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; enzymology ; pathology ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; metabolism ; Philadelphia Chromosome ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Point Mutation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Pyrimidines ; therapeutic use

Objective To investigate the current status of prevalence, prevention and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) in rural area in China. Methods A cross-sectional survey of COPD was conducted in Beijing city, Shanghai city, Guangdong province, Liaoning province,Tianjin city, Chongqing province and Shanxi province. A population-based cluster sample was randomly selected from each rural area. In the selected community,all residents at least 40 years old were recruited,and interviewed with a modified standardized questionnaire from the international burden of obstructive lung diseases (BOLD) study. All participants were tested with spirometry. Those with airflow limitation were performed on post-bronchedilator spirometry. The post-bronchedilator a ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) less than 70% was defined as the diagnostic criteria of COPD. Results (1) Data of 9434 participants was valid for analysis, with a valid response rate of 83. 6% ;the prevalence of COPD in rural was 8. 8% (830/9434), 12. 8% in male and 5.4% in female. (2)The percentage of smoking and the exposure to biomass smoke in rural was 43. 0% (4059/9434) and 83. 1% (7835/9434) respectively; cigarettes cessation rate was 17.5% ; only 12. 4% ( 502/4059 ) of smokers had received advice to quit smoking. (3) Among COPD patients, only 30. 0% (249/830) had ever been diagnosed as COPD, bronchitis, emphysema, or asthma, 2. 4% (20/830) had ever received spirometric tests, and 74. 5% were current smokers; only 7.9% (50/634)COPD patients in stage two or over had received regular drug treatment. Conclusion There was high prevalence and poor prevention and management for COPD in rural areas. Therefore, an enforced prevention and management for COPD are urgent.

Objective:To compare the long-term oncological outcomes between laparoscopic and abdominal surgery in stage Ⅰa1 （lymph-vascular space invasion-positive, LVSI +）- Ⅰb1 cervical cancer patients with different tumor sizes. Methods:Based on the Big Database of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Cervical Cancer in China (1538 project database), patients with stage Ⅰa1 （LVSI +）-Ⅰb1 cervical cancer who treated by laparoscopic or abdominal surgery were included. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) between the two surgical approaches were compared under 1∶1 propensity score matching (PSM) in different tumor diameter stratification. Results:(1) A total of 4 891 patients with stage Ⅰa1 （LVSI +）-Ⅰb1 cervical cancer who underwent laparoscopy or laparotomy from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2016 were included in the 1538 project database. Among them, 1 926 cases in the laparoscopic group and 2 965 cases in the abdominal group. There were no difference in 5-year OS and 5-year DFS between the two groups before matching. Cox multivariate analysis suggested that laparoscopic surgery was associated with lower 5-year DFS ( HR=1.367, 95% CI: 1.105-1.690, P=0.004). After 1∶1 PSM matching, 1 864 patients were included in each group, and there was no difference in 5-year OS between the two groups （94.1% vs 95.4%, P=0.151）. While, the inferior 5-year DFS was observed in the laparoscopic group (89.0% vs 92.3%, P=0.004). And the laparoscopic surgery was associated with lower 5-year DFS ( HR=1.420, 95% CI: 1.109-1.818, P=0.006). (2) In stratification analysis of different tumor sizes, and there were no difference in 5-year OS and 5-year DFS between the laparoscopic group and abdominal group in tumor size ≤1 cm, >1-2 cm and >2-3 cm stratification (all P>0.05). Cox multivariate analysis showed that laparoscopic surgery were not related to 5-year OS and 5-year DFS ( P>0.05). In the stratification of tumor size >3-4 cm, there was no difference in 5-year OS between the two groups ( P>0.05). The 5-year DFS in the laparoscopic group was worse than that in the abdominal group (75.7% vs 85.8%, P=0.025). Cox multivariate analysis suggested that laparoscopic surgery was associated with lower 5-year DFS ( HR=1.705, 95% CI: 1.088-2.674, P=0.020). Conclusions:For patients with stage Ⅰa1 （LVSI +）-Ⅰb1 cervical cancer, laparoscopic surgery is associated with lower 5-year DFS, and the adverse effect of laparoscopic surgery on oncology prognosis is mainly reflected in patients with tumor size >3-4 cm. For patients with tumor sizes ≤1 cm, >1-2 cm and >2-3 cm, there are no difference in oncological prognosis between the two surgical approaches.