CD98 is a transmembrane heterodimer of cell surface.It regulates cell signaling pathway by activating some correlated proteins,and controls cell polarization,proliferation,adhesion and migration.CD98 plays an important role in the development of cancer and may be a novel tumor marker for diagnosis and prognosis in lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the proliferation and apoptosis in stage-ⅠNSCLC and their prognostic implications.Methods Immunohistochemical technology and TUNEL assay was applied to detect proliferation and apoptosis in 118 lung cancer tissues and 30 normal lung tissues as controls.Results Proliferation Index(PI)was up-regulated in lung cancer tissues compared with that in normal lung tissues and was closely related to T-staging,differentiation and smoking.Apoptotic Index(AI)was up-regulated in lung cancer tissues compared with that in normal lung tissues and was closely related to T-staging.PI was not related to AI in stage-ⅠNSCLC.The patients with high PI had a shorter 5-year survival than those with low PI(33.57% and 73.12%,P=0.0001),and the patients with low AI had a shorter 5-year survival than those with high AI(41.48% and 68.80%,P=0.008).Multivariate analysis showed that PI was a significantly independently predictive factor for patients with stage-ⅠNSCLC(RR=2.473,95%CI:1.278~4.784,P=0.007).Conclusion Stage-ⅠNSCLC is a subgroup with high proliferation and apoptosis.Proliferation plays a more important role in stage-ⅠNSCLC.The assessment of proliferation and apoptosis may provide new insight into prognosis and adjuvant treatment for stage-Ⅰ NSCLC.

This paper summerized the surgical treatment of primary bronchogenic carcinoma in 3568 cases between 1957-1991. The resectability rate was 90. 3%, postoperative morbidity rate 8.32% and operative mortality 0. 89%. Pathological diagnoses of the resected specimens included squa-mous cell carcinoma for 48.7%, adenocarcinoma 22.9%, small cell cancer 15. 4%, large cell cancer 1. 3% and squa-mous-adenocarcinoma in 10.1%. The follow-up rate was 93%. The 5-and 10-year survival rates were 34.6% and 22.79% respectively. Analyses of the data demonstratad that the histologic type, pathological stage and metastasis of mediastinal lymph node are the important factors affecting the prognosis. According to UICC P-TNM,42. 6% of the patients in this group were in stage III. The 5 year survival rate was 19% in IIIa patients and 6% in IIIb. According to authors experience, it is recommended that in IIIa patients with nonsmall cell cardinoma, active surgical treatment should be adopted; in patients with small cell carcinoma, chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be given pre-and postoperatively, in IIIb patients with small cell carcinoma, surgical treatment is generally not indicated.

Objective To study the relationship between monoeyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1)-2518A/G polymorphism and lung cancer in Han nationality of North China. Methods One hun-dred and thirty-four unrelated consecutive patients with lung cancer(112 with NSCLC, 22 with SCLC)and 82 healthy individuals were studied. The polymorphisms of MCP-1-2518A/G were detected with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). Results The distribution of AA, AG and GG genotypes of MCP-1-2518 was significantly different in lung cancer patients compared with controls (X~2=8. 486,P=0. 014). There was a significant increase in the frequency of the AA genotype (OR=2. 645, X~2=6. 532, P=0.011) and a significant decrease in the frequency of the GG genotype (OR=0.519, X~2=4.929, P=0. 026)in the lung cancer patients, compared with controls. In the NSCLC patients the fre-quency of the AA genotype was higher than controls(OR=3. 138, X~2=8. 905, P=0.003) and the frequency of the GG genotype was lower than controls(OR=0. 516 ,X~2=4. 613, P=0. 032). The frequencies of AA, AG and GG genotypes in SCLC patients and controls had no difference. Conclusion This preliminary study showed that MCP-1-2518A/G polymorphism was associated with NSCLC but not SCLC.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of dissection of pulmonary ligament was operated on videoassisted thoracic surgery(VATS) with bullectomy for spontaneous pneumothorax.Methods From Jan 2012 to Dec 2013, 232 patients (188 males, 44 females) underwent VATS with bullectomy for spontaneous pneumothorax or hemopeumothorax, whose age were between 14 and 45 years and mean age was(26.4 ± 10.1) years.202 patients resulted from upper lobe spontaneous pneumothorax, 23 patients for lower lobe spontaneous pneumothorax, 7 patients for hemopeumothorax, and 18 cases because of recurrence after bullectomy (7.7 ％, 18/232).all the patients were accepted bullectomy with or without dissection of pulmonary ligament.Results Between 112 patients who underwent upper lobe bullectomy with dissection of pulmonary ligament, at 1 st postoperative day, it was found 92 patients whose pleural effusion were less than 300 ml (82.1％ ,92/112);20 patients whose pleural effusion were greater than or equal to 300 ml(17.9％, 20/112), and the mean drainage from thoracic cavity was(147.0 ± 61.0)ml.At 3 rd day, the mean drainage was(33.4 ± 20.0) ml.Within 23 cases who underwent lower lobe bullectomy with dissection of pulmonary ligament, the mean drainage from thoracic cavity, at 1 st postoperative day, was (155.2 ±41.1)ml,and the mean drainage, at the 3rd day, was(52.1 ± 21.3)ml.Also,within 90 patients who underwent bullectomywithout dissection of pulmonary ligament, 9 patients whose pleural effusion, at 1 st postoperative day, were less than 300ml(10％ ,9/90);81 patients whose pleural effusion were greater than or equal to 300ml (90％, 81/90);the mean drainage for 90 patients was(65.1 ± 28.0)ml.At the 3rd day, 40 patients' pleural effusion were greater than or equal to 300ml (44.4％,40/90) , and the mean drainage was(40.2 ± 25.5) ml.2 of 7 hemopeumothorax patients bled for the vessels injury during pulmonary ligament avulsion.Conclusion There was significant difference in clinical outcomes between two groups, and the dissection of pulmonary ligament was able to reduce the pooling of pleural effusion, facilitate the drainage of pleural effusion, and prevent pneumothorax recurrence, but there is no convincing evidence that dissection of pulmonary ligament can lead to bronchial deformation, stenosis, and reduce the free thoracic space.

The effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to patients with AIDS in Hubei province of China were investigated in order to provide scientific evidence to reinforce the management of HAART. Self-made questionnaires and descriptive method of epidemiology were used to collect and describe the changes of clinical symptoms, HIV RNA concentration, and immune function of patients with AIDS. After HAART, the effective rate of fever, cough, diarrhea, lymphadenectasis, weight loss, tetter, debility and fungous infection was 92.4%, 90.85%, 92.91%, 90.73%, 93.69%, 89.04%, 92.34%, and 83.1%, respectively. Of 117 patients with detected HIV RNA concentration, 41.03% had declined over 0.5 log, and 52.99% less than 0.5 log. CD4(+)T cell count was obviously increased: the average number after HAART for 3 or 6 months was 237/microL (26-755/microL) and 239/microL (17-833/microL), respectively. HAART can improve AIDS patients' clinical symptoms, reduce HIV RNA concentration, and maintain immune function. It is very important for the effectiveness of HAART to raise clinical adherence of patients with AIDS and have a persistent surveillance.

Animals ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Sirolimus ; therapeutic use ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases

Background and objective Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for nearly 15% of all cases of can-cer. As a type of highly invasive tumors, SCLC has high degree of malignancy, early and extensive metastasis, and is sensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The early treatment response rate of SCLC is high but it can also relapse rapidly without any treatment. Its median survival time is merely four to six months. Although many studies on SCLC have been conducted in re-cent years, its clinical treatment strategies have remained unchanged. The treatment of SCLC is still confined to chemotherapy regimens of etoposide plus cisplatin (EP) and other classic treatments because the surgical treatment of SCLC, particularly for Ⅲa treatment, has yet to reach a consensus. This study investigated the prognostic factors and clinical therapy effect in the comprehensive treatment of Ⅲa SCLC after surgical treatment.Methods This study was conducted through the retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 78 patients with SCLC who underwent surgical treatment in Beijing Chest Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University between January 1995 and December 1995. Through follow-up, we performed statistical analysis of each patient's gender, age, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging, surgical methods, and adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy.Results The median survival in this clinical trial team was 13.93 months. Among the participants, 47 patients accepted neoadjuvant chemotherapy and their median survival were 14.25 months. By contrast, 31 patients accepted postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and their median survival were 13.83 months. No statistical difference was observed between the two groups. Moreover, 28 patients were of single Lymph node metastasis and their median survival was 17.1 months. By contrast, 50 patients were of multiple lymph node metastasis and their median survival was 11.9 months. Significant statistical difference was observed between the two groups (P<0.01).Conclusion In performing further evalua-tion of the status and value of surgical treatment in the comprehensive treatment of SCLC, several patients benefitted from Ⅲa SCLC surgery with comprehensive treatment.

BACKGROUNDWith the development of social industrialization and aging of the population, patients with lung cancer have the tendency of becoming youthful and elderly, therefore the way of treatment should be also changed. In resent years, lung cancer in young and elderly patients have been reported respectively, but simultaneous contrast analysis of clinical feature and prognosis in elderly, normal and youthful patients have been rarely reported. Based on the clinic data in the patients, the clinical feature and prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer at different ages were analyzed.

METHODSFrom January 1996 to January 2003, 1380 patients with NSCLC were treated surgically in thoracic department in our hospital, the patients were divided into three group based on their age, group 1 (G1) (range ≤40), group 2 (G2) (range 41-69), group 3 (G3) (range ≥70). The clinical feature and prognosis were analyzed in each group.

RESULTSThe mean age in the whole group was 58.16±0.26, and 35.76±0.57 (range 12-40) in G1, 58.00±0.22 (range 41-69) in G2, 72.30±0.21 (range 70-80) in G3. The ratio of lung cancer in female between G1 and G3 was significant different (P=0.024). The coexisting diseases in G3 were more common than those of other groups (P=0.000). Squamous cell carcinoma was the main type in histology, accounting for 41.79% (28/67), 54.12% (644/1190) and 58.54% (72/123) in each group respectively (P=0.080), but the ratio of adenocarcinoma, higher than that of other groups, were 43.28% (29/67), 29.50% (351/1190) and 26.82% (33/123) (P=0.036). Lobectomy and pneumonectomy were the main surgical procedures, accounting for 58.21%, 65.29%, 78.86% (P=0.004) and 34.33%, 26.22%, 12.20% (P=0.001), respectively. The ratio of stage III were 43.28% (29/67), 38.82% (462/1190), and 26.02% (32/123) in each groups (P=0.015). 55.22% (37/67) in G1 received adjuvant chemotherapy, 47.48% (565/1190) in G2, and 29.27% (36/123) in G3 (P=0.000). 5-year survival rate was 38.96% in the whole group, 29.99% in G1, 39.61% in G2, and 37.99% in G3 (P=0.494).

CONCLUSIONSIn young patients with non-small cell lung cancer, female and adenocarcinoma make up the majority of the number, and a lot of patients are in advanced stage and likely to adopt adjuvant chemotherapy. While in elderly, squamous cell carcinoma accounts for the majority of the number, and more coexisting diseases are accompanied, much more complications occur after surgical procedure. Nevertheless, their prognosis has no significant difference.

BACKGROUNDTo summarize the operative indication, surgical technique and perioperative ma-nagement of resection and reconstruction of carina for advanced lung cancer involving the carina.

METHODSThere were 67 patients with lung cancer invaded the carina, right central lung cancer in 46 cases, peripheral lung cancer in 4 cases, involved superior vena cava (SVC) or with bilateral anonymous veins in 11 cases, left central lung cancer in 17 cases, respectively. Surgical procedure included carinal right pneumonectomy or lobectomy in 50 cases, concomitant replacement of SVC or with bilateral anonymous veins with vascular prosthesis in 11 cases, carinal left pneumonectomy in 17 cases. Follow-up was performed in long-term.

RESULTSPerioperative death occured in 8 cases (11.94%), circulatory failure in 6 cases (8.96%), and respiratory failure in 2 cases (2.99%). The overall 1-, 3- and 5-survival rate was 77.21%, 48.23% and 32.54% respectively.

CONCLUSIONSComplete resection and reconstruction of carina, SVC or bilateral anonymous veins combined with postoperatively multiple modality therapy can get good prognosis for the patients with advanced lung cancer.