Objective To obtain the molecular epidemiological data of Human Papilloma virus(HPV) 16 and HPV 18 and screen new HPV strains. Methods Common type HPV, HPV16 and HPV18 were amplified by PCR and then cloned and sequenced. Results The infection rates of HPV16、 HPV18 accounted for 10.51% of total HPV infection rate in the area. The infection rate of HPV16 was higher than that of HPV18 ( P

The deltacoronavirus is a new member of the subfamily Coronaviridae of the family Coronaviridae. Deltacoronaviruses can infect birds and mammals. Deltacoronaviruses were detected in early 2007 in Asian leopard cats and Chinese ferret badgers. In 2014, porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) infection spread rapidly in the USA. Moreover, cell culture-adapted PDCoV has been obtained from infected piglets. Animal experiments have confirmed that the isolated PDCoV is highly pathogenic and causes severe diarrhea in piglets. Thus, the PDCoV can be considered to be a good model to study the deltacoronavirus. In this review, we discuss the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenicity, culture, and diagnostic methods of the PDCoV.
Animals ; Coronavirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Coronavirus Infections ; veterinary ; virology ; Diarrhea ; veterinary ; virology ; Phylogeny ; Swine ; Swine Diseases ; virology

Objective To evaluate the value of digital tomosynthesis (TOMOS)in diagnosis of odontogenic cystic lesions of the jaws with oral fixed metal dentures, and compared with multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT). Methods The imaging findings of 40 cases with fixed metal dentures pathologically proved odontogenic cystic lesions of the jaws jn retrospective were retrospectively analyzed.All cases were performed by MSCT and TOMOS scanning,and 13 cases enhanced at the same time. The characteristics of the imaging findings in TOMOS and MSCT were compared. The diagnosis merits and disadvantages, especially their ability to detect the lesions and adjacent structures,were assessed. Results There were no significant difference (consistency check Kappa value>0.4) in evaluating the structure characteristics of the lesions, the relationgship between the lesions and cortex ,and the relationship between the lesions and surrounding organs. TOMOS is superior to MSCT in displaying apical change, the same in pure cystic and cystic-solid lesions interfered by artifacts.However, it is inferior to MSCT in detection of soft tissue invasion. Conclusion There is similar assessment value of TOMOS and MSCT in displaying odontogenic cystic lesions of the jaws. TOMOS can be chosen when the imaging findings of the lesions are interfered by metal artifacts.

Objective:To investigate the effects of miRNA-30a-5p (miR-30a-5p) and metadherin (MTDH) on the proliferation, invasion and migration abilities of human breast cancer cells in vitro.Methods:The expression of MTDH in cancer and paracancerous tissues of 112 breast cancer patients in the database and miR-30a-5p in cancer and paracancerous tissues of 103 breast cancer patients in the database were analyzed using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between miR-30a-5p and MTDH in 1 222 breast cancer patients in the database; the data were updated to August 2022. Breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were divided into negative control group (transfected with negative control sequence), miR-30a-5p overexpression group (transfected with miR-30a-5p mimics), siMTDH group [transfected with small interfering RNA against MTDH (siMTDH)], siMTDH+miR-30a-5p overexpression group (transfected with both siMTDH and miR-30a-5p mimics); cell proliferation ability was detected by methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay, cell migration ability was detected by cell scratch assay, cell invasion ability was detected by Transwell assay. The relative expressions of miR-30a-5p, MTDH, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, vimentin and β-catenin mRNA in cells were detected by quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the expressions of MTDH, N-cadherin (N-cad), β-catenin, Snail and MMP-9 proteins were detected by Western blotting.Results:In the TCGA database, MTDH expression level was higher and miR-30a-5p expression level was lower in breast cancer tissues compared with paracancerous tissues, and the differences were statistically significant (both P < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between MTDH and miR-30a-5p expressions in 1 222 patients with breast cancer ( r=-0.134, P < 0.001). Compared with the negative control group, the cell proliferation ability was reduced in both siMTDH group and miR-30a-5p overexpression group at 24, 48 and 72 h (all P < 0.001). The cell scratch healing rate in miR-30a-5p overexpression group and siMTDH group was lower than that in negative control group [(61.6±1.6)%, (54.7±5.9)% vs. (80.3±3.0)%] (both P < 0.05). Compared with the negative control group, The number of migrated cells in miR-30a-5p overexpression group and siMTDH group was less than that in negative control group (881±50, 725±63 vs. 1 172±66) (both P < 0.05). Compared with the negative control group, the relative expressions of MMP-2, MMP-9, vimentin and β-catenin mRNA were all down-regulated in MDA-MB-231 cells of miR-30a-5p overexpression group and siMTDH group (all P < 0.05). Compared with the negative control group, the relative expressions of N-cad, β-catenin, Snail and MMP-9 proteins were down-regulated in MDA-MB-231 cells of miR-30a-5p overexpression group and siMTDH group (all P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the number of migrated MDA-MB-231 cells between siMTDH+miR-30a-5p overexpression group and siMTDH group (476±5 vs. 389±46, t = 3.37, P = 0.078). There was no statistical difference in the number of migrated cells between siMTDH+miR-30a-5p overexpression group and miR-30a-5p overexpression group (476±5 vs. 477±22, t = 0.02, P = 0.983). Conclusions:The expression of miR-30a-5p is negatively correlated with the expression of MTDH in breast cancer tissues, and either overexpression of miR-30a-5p or silence of MTDH in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro can inhibit cell proliferation, invasion and migration, but MTDH may not be a target gene of miR-30a-5p.

Objective:To investigate the clinical outcomes and prognosis of children who were prenatally diagnosed with solid space-occupying abdominal lesions by ultrasound.Methods:This study retrospectively enrolled 30 children with solid space-occupying abdominal lesions that were indicated by prenatal ultrasound at Children's Hospital of Fudan University from March 2015 to March 2021. Prenatal ultrasound findings, postnatal treatment, clinical outcomes, and prognosis were analyzed.Results:These subjects included 18 male and 12 female infants, with the median gestational age at the first sonographic diagnosis of 36 weeks (28 to 39 weeks). The intra-abdominal solid masses were postnatally confirmed to be located in liver, retroperitoneum, and gastrointestinal tract, which were hepatic hemangioma ( n=14), hepatoblastoma ( n=2), neuroblastoma ( n=6), abdominal teratoma ( n=4), adrenal hematoma ( n=1), adrenocortical adenoma ( n=1), hyperplasia of renal capillary ( n=1), and gastrointestinal teratoma ( n=1). The accuracy of prenatal ultrasound in detecting the location of masses was 73% (22/30) and which was 13/16 in detecting masses from liver and 9/14 in that outside the liver. Among the 30 cases, 73% (22/30) were benign tumors, and 27% (8/30) were malignant tumors (hepatoblastoma in two cases and neuroblastoma in six cases). Among 15 patients with benign tumors (hepatic hemangioma and adrenal hematoma) who received close follow-up or drug therapy, tumor/lesion regression occurred in 13 cases and the other two were observed with stable hepatic hemangiomas. Fourteen patients, including six with neuroblastoma, two with hepatoblastoma, five with teratoma, one with adrenocortical adenoma, and one with hyperplasia of renal capillary, had good prognosis after primary tumor resection or combined with postoperative chemotherapy. One hepatoblastoma case died after withdrawing treatment. The overall survival rate was 97% (29/30) with a median follow-up time of 24 months (4 to 60 months). Conclusions:Prenatal ultrasound has high accuracy in identifying the anatomic region of fetal solid space-occupying abdominal lesions. With close postnatal follow-up and proper treatment, most of the affected fetuses will have a good outcome and prognosis.

Objective:To prepare 68Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-04, and evaluate its biodistribution and imaging characteristics in animals and healthy volunteers, in order to investigate the clinical translation potential. Methods:68Ga-FAPI-04 was synthesized by a manual method and its radiolabeling yield, radiochemical purity, and stability ( in vivo and in vitro) were analyzed. ICR mice ( n=16) were scarified at 5, 30, 60 and 120 min postinjection of 68Ga-FAPI-04 (1.11 MBq) to measure radioactive counts in main organs. The dynamic mircoPET imaging was acquired for 60 min on 3 ICR mice, and tumor imaging capabilities were examined with nude mice bearing HepG2 tumors. Furthermore, 2 healthy volunteers (1 male with age of 64 years, 1 female with age of 56 years) were recruited for the investigation of probe biodistribution in humans. A serial whole-body dynamic PET/CT scan was performed immediately following injection. Results:68Ga-FAPI-04 was synthesized within 20 min with the radiochemical yield of (68.7±4.0)% (decay corrected). The radiochemical purities of 68Ga-FAPI-04 were over 99% and the products were stable for 180 min in vitro and for 90 min in blood. 68Ga-FAPI-04 was mainly cleared through urinary tracts, while other organs only showed mild tracer accumulation. MicroPET imaging showed high uptake of 68Ga-FAPI-04 in the tumor tissue of mice, and the ratio of tumor/liver was 2.14±0.01 (35 min). The PET/CT imaging results of healthy volunteers revealed 68Ga-FAPI-04 could be quickly cleared. Conclusion:68Ga-FAPI-04 has many advantages for PET imaging, such as easy labeling, good stability, quick clearance and low background signals in the liver, which can be used as an attractive PET tracer for detection hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective:To determine incidence of seasonal influenza virus infection in the community and to analyze the factors influencing seasonal influenza virus infection.Methods:This study recruited residents aged 6-59 years to build a cohort in 15 villages/streets in Macheng city in November 2019. Meanwhile, a cross-sectional baseline survey was conducted immediately to collect sera, information on demographics and child protection knowledge, behaviors, as well as attitudes using a questionnaire from the participants enrolled in the cohort (i.e., before the influenza epidemic season). In July 2020, a cross-sectional follow-up survey was conducted to collect sera once again (i.e., after the influenza season). Paired sera from the two cross-sectional surveys were tested for influenza virus-specific antibodies by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test or micro-neutralization (MN) test using a circulating representative strain of each subtype/lineage of influenza virus as the test antigen. The infections with influenza virus subtype/lineage was confirmed if there was a four-fold or more increase in titers of antibodies against circulating representative strain of the subtype/lineage of influenza virus. Factors influencing infection with influenza A (H3N2) and B/Victoria viruses were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression.Results:In November 2019, 800 study participants were enrolled in the cohort, including 340 children aged 6-17 years and 460 adults aged 18-59 years; 605 study participants (including 224 children and 381 adults) were followed up in July 2020 and their paired sera were obtained before and after the influenza season. 25.3% (153/605) of the participants were confirmed to be infected with at least one subtype/lineage of seasonal influenza virus by HI and MN tests. The overall incidence of influenza viruses of all subtypes/lineages in children was 44.2% (95% CI: 37.6%-50.8%) which was significantly higher than the incidence of 14.1% in adults (95% CI: 10.7%-17.7%). Children had the highest incidence of influenza A (H3N2) virus infection, followed by B/Victoria. MN or HI antibody titers in A (H3N2)[ OR=0.88 (95% CI: 0.84-0.93)] and B/Victoria[ OR=0.97 (95% CI: 0.95-0.99)] before the influenza season were significantly associated with whether children were infected with that subtype/lineage of influenza virus. Conclusions:The residents aged 6-59 years in Macheng city had a substantial incidence of seasonal influenza virus infection during the influenza season from winter 2019 to spring 2020. Notably, almost half of children aged 6-17 years have been infected with seasonal influenza virus. Higher titers of HI/MN antibodies against seasonal influenza virus before the influenza season would be likely to reduce the risk of infection with influenza A (H3N2) and B/Victoria.

Objective:To investigate the radiation dosimetry and biodistribution of 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT in patients with hepatobiliary tumor. Methods:A total of six patients with hepatic lesions who underwent PET/CT examination in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were enrolled. After intravenous injection of radiotracer 68Ga-FAPI-04 at (170.57 ± 14.43) MBq, whole-body imaging were performed at the time points of 3, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 60 min, respectively. Biodistribution pattern was observed. Regions of interest were manually delineated. Radiation dosimetry of all target organs were calculated by Olinda/EXM software. Results:The radioactive uptake dissipated gradually in liver whereas it was relatively stable in tumor lesions. The average SUV max of tumor lesions reached the maximum value (13.87± 2.55) at 20 min after injection. The target-to-background ratio increased with time, reaching the maximum value (10.09 ± 8.17) at 30 min after injection. The average effective dose in total body was (0.020 ± 0.002) mSv/MBq and organ with the highest effective dose was bladder wall at (0.146 ± 0.035) mSv/MBq. Conclusions:The effective dose in total body of 68Ga-FAPI-04 was similar to that of 18F-FDG. 68Ga-FAPI-04 is expected to be a PET/CT radiotracer for hepatobiliary tumors in consideration of rapid tumor uptake, low accumulation of liver background, and no influence of blood sugar levels.

Objective:To analyse the pathogenic bacteria distribution and clinical characteristics of late-onset sepsis (LOS) among premature infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks in Henan Province.Methods:The clinical data of 6 590 premature infants admitted to 17 medical institutions in Henan Province from January 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The gestational age of infants was less than 34 weeks and was admitted to the neonatal ward within 7 days after birth. SPSS 19.0 statistical software was used for data analysis.Results:Among 6 590 premature infants LOS developed in 751 cases (11.40%), of whom the diagnosis was confirmed in 276 cases (36.75%) and 475 cases (63.25%) were diagnosed clinically. The fatality rate related to LOS was 13.58%. There were significant differences in the incidence of LOS and infection-related mortality among infants with different gestational ages and body weights ( χ2=388.894 and 13.572, χ2=472.282 and 9.257, P<0.05 or <0.01). Among 276 children with confirmed LOS, 286 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated. Gram-negative bacteria were most prevalent (178 strains), accounting for 62.24% of all infections, followed by fungi (58 strains, 20.28%). Klebsiella pneumoniae was most frequently detected Gram-negative bacteria (117 strains, 40.91%), among which 32.48% (38/117) was carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. The proportion of diagnosed sepsis, the proportion of catheterization, and the infection-related mortality of infants with LOS in tertiary hospitals were all higher than those in secondary hospitals ( χ2=6.212, 5.313 and 4.435, all P<0.05). The proportion of exclusive breastfeeding in secondary hospitals was lower than that in tertiary hospitals ( χ2=19.216, P<0.05). The time of antibacterial drug use before infection in specialized hospitals was longer than that in general hospitals ( χ2=3.276, P<0.05). Conclusion:The incidence of LOS among preterm infants in Henan Province is high, which was mainly caused by Gram-negative bacteria. The clinical characteristics of LOS caused by different pathogens and in different health institutions are different, the prevention and control strategy should be developed accordingly to reduce the incidence LOS of preterm premature infants.

BACKGROUNDLimited number of studies have been reported regarding the utilization of F-18-fluoro-deoxy-glucose (F-18-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-18-FDG PET/CT) in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). The aim of this study was to assess the role of F-18-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis and treatment of LCH.

METHODSEight newly diagnosed and seven recurrent patients with LCH received F-18-FDG PET/CT scans. The diagnosis of LCH was established by pathology, multi-modality imaging, and clinical follow-up.

RESULTSF-18-FDG PET/CT was positive in 14 patients with 13 true positives and one false positive. All 45 LCH lesions were F-18-FDG avid including six small bone lesions <1.0 cm in diameter. The mean maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was 7.13 ± 4.91. F-18-FDG uptake showed no significant difference between newly diagnosed lesions vs recurrent lesions (SUVmax: 6.50 ± 2.97 vs. 7.93 ± 6.60, t = -0.901, P = 0.376). Among 45 LCH lesions, 68.9% (31/45) were found in bones and 31.1% (14/45) in soft tissue. The most commonly involved bones were the pelvis and vertebrae. There was no significant difference in F-18-FDG uptake between bone lesions vs. non-bone lesions (SUVmax: 6.30 ± 2.87 vs. 8.97 ± 7.58, t = 1.277, P = 0.221). In two patients, changes in F-18-FDG uptake on serial PET/CT scans reflected response of lesions to treatment.

CONCLUSIONSThe present study suggests that F-18-FDG PET/CT may be useful for diagnosis and assessing the treatment response of LCH. Because of the small sample size, further research is warranted to confirm our findings.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; methods ; Young Adult