Objective To investigate T cell-mediated effects of dendritic cells(DC)transfected with kidney associated antigen G250 gene using adenovirus(Ad)as vector in the treatment of kidney cancer. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)were isolated by standard FicollPaque density gradient centrifugation of heparinized blood obtained from healthy donors.After removal of the nonadherent ceils,the adherent cells were divided into gene transfer group,protein pulsed group and control group.The gene transfer group was infected with Ad/G250 virus;the protein pulsed group was added with G250 protein; the control group was added with PBS.The DCs were cultured and proliferated in vitro using recombinant human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor and inlerleukin-4.The autologous T cells were added into the 3 DC groups(responders:dendritics,20:1).After 5 d co-culture,3 eytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)groups were collected.TheG250 mRNA expression was detected in transduced DCs using RT-PCR.The G250 protein translation products and cell surface marker of DCs were analyzed by flow cytometry.The specific cytolytic activities of CTL to different target cells(renal carcinoma 786-0 cell line and lung cancer A549 cell line)were assessed by MTT method. Results Ad/G250 transfected DC successfully and the G250 expression was confirmed by RT-PCR. The expression levels of CD_(80), CD_(83). HLA-DR and CD_(86) in the Ad/G250 group were higher than those in the other 2 groups. The cytotoxicity to 786-0 of T lymphocytes activated by Ad/G250 transfecting DCs(83. 4±2. 8)% was greater than those of T lymphocytes in the protein pulsed group(79. 6±2. 4)% and control group(77. 3±2. 1)%. There were no significant differences of the cytotyxicities to A549 among the 3 cytotoxic T lymphocyte groups(F=0. 373.P=0.693). Conclusions Ad-loading DCs may be useful for immunotherapeutic protocols against self-antigens for the kidney cancer.

Objective To investigate the relationships among estrogen,transforming growth factor ?(TGF?) and smooth muscle cells in human prostatic tissue by cell experiment. Methods Eleven strains of prostatic stromal cells were cultured successfully from BPH patients,and stimulated by estradiol(E 2).Cell proliferations were observed by MTT,and mRNA expressions of TGF? 1,TGF? 2 and smoothelin were observed by RT-PCR. Results E 2 could not influence TGF? 1 expressions in prostatic stromal cells,but could upregulate expressions of TGF? 2 and smoothelin;and expression values of TGF? 2 and smoothelin had a positive correlation. Conclusions E 2 can influence growth and differentiation of prostatic smooth muscle cells through induction of TGF? 2 expression.

ObjectiveTo evaluate transcatheter arter ia l embolization(TAE) on congenital renal arteriovenous malformation(RAVM).MethodsFive cases of RAVM,diagnosed on digital substraction a ngiography have been treated between March 1995 and May 2002 by transarterial em bolization (TAE) with different embolic agents (ethanol,iodised oil,gelform part icles or metalic coils).The efficacy was evaluated.ResultsIn all the 5 cases,gross hematuria was controlled immediately after TAE,th e urine turned clear in 24 h and urinalysis became normal in 7 days.The patients have been followed up for 6～12 months with an average of 10 months with hematu r ia well controlled in all.There has been no hypertension or apparent renal funct ion damage.Bilateral renal emission computed tomography (ECT) reveated only some local loss of the renal cortical function on the concerned side.ConclusionsAt present renal arteriography is still the most reliable method in the diagnosis of RAVM.TAE has the benefits of less inva sive, a low incidence of complications, early resumption of normal activities an d shorter hospital stay,and can avoid renal resection and correlative surgical c omplications.The renal function could be well protected from harm.

Objective To study the therapeutic effects of pedicled greater omentum displacement for complex posterior urethral stricture. Methods This study included 6 cases (all males) of complex posterior urethral stricture.Their age ranged from 14 to 45 years with a mean of 26 years.In these cases,traffic accident injury occurred in 5 and falling injury in 1.The course of diseases ranged from 6 months to 5 years with a mean of 2.5 years.The length of stricture segment was from 3.0 to 5.5 cm.All cases were surgically treated via transpubic approach and pedicled greater omentum displacement. Results Good operative results were achieved in all 6 cases.Each of them could urinate when the catheter was taken out 4 weeks later,and no urinary incontinence,urinary tract infection were observed.All were followed up for a median period of 26 months (ranged from 6 to 38 months).4 patients had normal micturition with no need of urethral dilatation and 2 patients reencountered dysuria in 3 months and were all cured by the administration of urethral dilatation for 3 to 24 months. Conclusions This procedure has a higher success rate.It is suitable for those with complicated posterior urethral stricture,such as longer posterior urethral stricture,urethra-rectal fistula, false passage, and especially those having experienced failure of urethra repair via perineal approach. It can be regarded as one of the ideal and effective therapeutic methods for complex posterior urethral stricture.

Objective To improve the differential diagnosis between benign renal mass and renal cell carcinoma(RCC) so as to lower the misdiagnosis rate. Methods This study included 12 cases of renal mass,whose age ranged from 35 to 69 years with a mean of 52 years.Among the 12 cases,flank pain occurned in 9,2 of whom had gross hematuria.Three clinically asymptomatic cases were detected incidentally by ultrasound in physical examination.All the 12 cases underwent imaging examinations such as B-ultrasound and CT scan,and all of them were preoperatively diagnosed as RCC. Results All the cases were surgically treated.Seven underwent enucleation or simple nephrectomy because of the diagnosis of benign renal mass by intraoperative frozen section.Five underwent radical nephrectomy.None developed recurrence during follow-up of 1 to 3 years. Conclusions Clinicians should not overestimate the diagnostic significance of imaging examinations such as CT and ultrasonography.For cases who have no definite diagnosis,surgical exploration can be performed.Intraoperative frozen section by pathologic study can increase correct diagnostic rate. Most of the misdiagnosed benign renal masses have different imaging features from those of RCC.

Objective To improve the prevention and treatment level of child traumatic posterior urethral stricture. Methods This series included 22 male children (mean age 9 years) with pelvic fracture complicated by posterior urethral disruption.A medical nylon string was indwelled after uretheral reunion operation.Urethral stricture recurred in 9 patients 3 months after the operation,and they were all cured by performance of urethra dilatation with self-designed single J tube under the guidance of the medical nylon string. Results All of the 9 were doing well during the operation.The medical nylon string was not taken out until dysuria disappeared completely.The cure rate was 100%.All the cases were followed up for a mean period of 15 months(range,3 to 24 months).All had normal urination. Conclusions Application of self-designed single J tube and medical nylon string is effective,simple and economical for the treatment of child traumatic posterior urethral stricture.It is easy both for the doctors' training and for the children's cooperation.Thus,it provides a new approach for the prevention and treatment of child traumatic posterior urethral stricture.

Objective To analyze the diagnostic and therapeutic process of 3 cases of relapsing polychondritis(RP) and explore strategies for early diagnosis and effective therapy.Methods With retrospective study on three relapsing polychondritis patients in our hospital,we observed their major manifestations at admissions and summarized therapeutic experiences.Results All three patients had symptoms of otalgia,hoarse voice and nasal bridge pit,while their entry causes at admission were anemia,renal function failure and chest pain respectively.Only one of them was insensitive to prednisone but sensitive to methotrexate.Conclusions Because PR being easily misdiagnosed,clinical doctors should improve their caution of diagnostic criteria of RP.Prednisone is the best choice for therapy,but for those insensitive ones methotrexate is also alternative.

This study was undertaken to examine ncNOS IR in bladder after spinal cord injury (SCI). In the meantime, we determine rats bladder ncNOS IR following intravesical instillation of capsaicin after SCI. Adult Sprague Dawley rats and guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal group, sham injury group, spinal cord injury group (4～5weeks after T 8～9 transection). A dose of 1mmol/L intravesical capsaicin was instilled in a part of SCI rats. Bladders of all animals were divided into three tissue pieces: bladder base, bladder body and bladder dome,in which the distribution of ncNOS IR was examined. Spinal transection induced a significant ncNOS IR increase in guinea pig bladder base. In rats, the quantity of ncNOS IR did not differ between the two groups. Instillation of intravesical capsaicin can cause significant up regulation of rat bladder ncNOS IR after SCI. The increase of ncNOS IR in SCI animals bladder indicates that NO may play an important role in the regulation of micturition reflex after SCI. In SCI rats, ncNOS IR can significantly be up regulated by intravesical capsaicin instillation, suggesting that NO may act as a factor in the action of capsaicin.

Objective To call attention to the diagnosis and treatment of prostate sarcoma. Me thods From Jan 1984 to May 2000,7 cases of prostate sarcoma were treated,2 cases by radical cystoprostatectomy and detenia cecocolon continent urinary reservoir,1 case by suprapubic prostatectomy,3 cases by radiotherapy whereas 1 case underwent needle biopsy only. Results Of the 2 cases underwent radical cystoprostatectomy,one has been still surviving after 5 years whereas the other one died of lung metastases after 9 months.The other 5 patients all died within 13 months. Conclusions Early dignosis and radical cystoprostatectomy are mandatory to prolong survival.

Objective Rats bladder ncNOS IR following intravesical instillation of capsaicin after chronic spinal cord injury(SCI) was studied to investigate the mechanism of ncNOS IR in pathological bladder. Methods 44 adult Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group,sham injury group and spinal cord injury group(4～5 weeks after T 8～9 spinalization).A dose of 1 mmol/L capsaicin was instilled in part of SCI rats.the distribution of ncNOS IR in bladder base,bladder body and bladder dome of all rats were examined. Results In rats,the ncNOS IR did not differ between the normal group (11.1?0.9) and the SCI group (12.8?1.3).Intravesical instillation of capsaicin significantly up regulated ncNOS IR in rat bladder of SCI group (26.1?2.7, P