Objective To investigate the effect of continuous blood purification ( CBP) on the level of blood lactic acid and 6 h lactic clearance in the patients with severe sepsis. Methods 48 patients with severe sepsis were cho-sen in ICU, and they were randomly divided into two groups: control group ( n=20 ) and CBP group ( n=28 ) . Their arterial blood lactic acid level was tested on admission and was retested 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment. The patients’6 h blood lactic clearance rate and the corresponding APACHEIIscore were calculated. The level of arterial blood lactic acid and the score of APACHE IIwere compared at different time. 6 h blood lactic clearance, the period of stay in ICU and the 28-days mortality were compared too. Results The level of lactic acid and the score of APACHE II after 24 h were lower in CBP group, and the period of stay in ICU was shorter in CBP group than that in control group at different time ( P<0.05 ) . 6 h blood lactic clearance was higher than that in control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the 28-days mortality had no significant difference in CBP group. Conclusion The CBP plays an important role in clearing the blood lactic acid and it can reduce the severity of the sepsis as well as shorten the period of stay in ICU.

Objective To alleviate or prevent the complication of propoful sedation and anesthesia during gastroscopy. Methods One thousand three hundred and fifty eight patients were undergone gastrosco-py under propoful sedation and anesthesia. Results Although some patients with intravenous use of propofol their blood pressure, heart and respiratory rate decreased in different extents, but others remained in normal range. During the operation, two cases(0. 15% )had hypotension which could be corrected after intravenous use of ephetonin; three cases (0. 22% ) had bradycardia that was restored after intravenous use of atropine; three hundred and eighteen cases (23. 42% )had cough which could be prevented by increasing the first dose of propofol and avoiding the pharyngeal simulation derived from operation; sixteen cases( 1. 18% )had serious chock accompanied with decreasing of blood oxygen saturation which could be alleviated by aspirating the guttural secretion, driving up the patients mandible and increasing oxygen inhalation, keeping the gastroscope dry and avoiding pumping water or air as passing through epiglottis are the effective methods in preventing chock. Forty six cases (3. 39% ) complained of pain in the injection site which could be alleviated by choosing a major vein and injecting drug slowly; forty three cases(3. 17% ) had nausea and two cases(0. 15% ) had phreno muscular spasm which could be alleviated or prevented by skilled manipulation; thirty nine cases (2. 87% )had vertigo after regaining consciousness, keeping in bed or deferring to wake the patient up are very effective in preventing and alleviating this symptom. Conclusion Although gastroscopy under propoful' s sedation and anesthesia is safe and effective, logical precautions are the keys to attain success and lessen complications.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in Takayasu arteritis (TA) and its clinical value.Methods Five male patients with TA in active phase (age range:65-82 years;mean age:(72.8±6.6) years) from November 2011 to August 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging,and one of them who was in stable phase after one year's treatment underwent follow-up PET/CT imaging.The characteristics of the abnormal 18F-FDG uptake and SUVmax of lesions were analyzed.Another 5 age-and gender-matched patients with slightly elevated tumor markers and normal results of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in the same period were selected as the control group.Arteries were divided into 18 segments,including the ascending aorta,the aortic arch,the descending aorta,the abdominal aorta,the brachiocephalic trunk,the left/right common carotid,the left/right subclavian,the left/right brachial,the superior mesenteric,the left/right common iliac,the left/right renal,and the left/right femoral,and their SUVmax were measured respectively.Paired t test was used to analyze the difference of SUVmax between TA group and the control group.Results (1) 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging displayed diffused increase of radioactivity in the wall of aorta and its major branches in TA group,and CT showed multiple irregular thickening,punctate and banding calcification in arterial walls of those patients.The ascending aorta,the aortic arch,the descending aorta,the abdominal aorta,the brachiocephalic trunk,the left/right subclavian,the left/right common carotid,and the left/right common iliac artery were all involved in 5 patients;the left/right brachial and the left/right femoral artery were involved in 4 patients and the superior mesenteric artery was involved in 2 cases.The SUVmax range was 1.4-7.6,the highest SUVmax was in the left subclavian artery (n=2),the right subclavian artery (n=1) and the abdominal aorta artery (n=2).(2)The SUVmax of TA group and the control group were 3.96±1.35 and 2.13±0.53,respectively(t=10.40,P＜0.001).(3) As to the TA patient in stable phase after treatment,the FDG uptake of the wall of aorta and its major branches decreased obviously compared with that before treatment.The SUVmax of left subclavian artery decreased from 6.8 to 3.2.Conclusions 18F-FDG PET/CT is helpful in diagnosis of TA.It could accurately display the range of involved arteries,reflect the activity of the lesion and evaluate the therapeutic response.

Objective: To prepare the inclusion compund of baicalin-hydroxypropyl-?-cyclodextrin (HP-?-CD) and identify it. Methods: The inclusion compound of baicalin-HP-?-CD was confirmed by freeze-drying method. Results: The inclusion compound of baicalin-HP-?-CD was confirmed by IR absorption spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results indicated that the inclusion compound of baicalin-HP-?-CD was formed. The content analysis of the inclusion compound showed that the molecular ratio of baicalin to HP-?-CD was 1∶1. Conclusion: The solubility of baicalin is increased from 0.112mg/ml to 2.743mg/ml. when the drug is included by HP-?-CD.

18F-FDG PET or PET/CT plays an important role in the differential diagnosis of rheumatic disease.By imaging evaluation of glucose metabolism,18F-FDG PET or PET/CT can identify disease activity and distribution.It can also evaluate treatment response of rheumatic disease based on the change of glucose metabolism between baseline and follow-up studies.This article reviews the clinical application of 18F-FDG PET or PET/CT in rheumatoid arthritis (RA),seronegative spondylarthropathy (SpA),large vessel vasculitis (LVV),polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and adult onset Still's disease (AOSD).

Objective:In this experiment we used pain-related neurons of Hb unit discharges recording asa standard to observe the effects of prostaglandin E2 (i. p. ) on Hb unit discharges. Methods :The methodsof unit discharges recording and radiant heat induced tail flick responce were used. Results :The dischargesof pain-excited neurons increased after the addition of PGE2 (i. p. ). The discharges of pain-inhibited neu-rons dec reased after the addition of PGE2(i. p. );PGE2(i. p. ) caused the pain threshold to drop after sym-pathetic nerves were destroyed by 6-OHDA. There were no changes of the pain threshold in undestroyedgroup (P＞0.05). The percentage changes of Hb neurons dropped compared with that of undestroyedgroup (P＜0. 05). Conclusion: The PGE2 could change the discharges of pain-related neurons in Hb, inwhich the sympathetic system might participate in the process.

0.05).Conclusion There may be no significant difference in sensory block,motor block and prevalence of adverse effects between injection rates of 0.27 mL/s and 0.04 mL/s in spinal anesthesia with 20 mg isobaric ropivacaine.

In Alzheimer's disease there is obvious evidence of insulin resistance in the brain. Thiazolidinediones,a kind of insulin sensitizer,not only improves insulin sensitivity,but also decreases inflammation,promotes release and clearance of?-amyloid protein,all are beneficial to the improvement of memory.

Objective:To prepare the egg yolk immunoglobulin Y ( IgY) against human Sucrase and study its stability,in vitro activity. Methods:Hy-line laying hens were immunized with human Sucrase protein,IgY was isolated and purified from egg yolks of im-munized hens using water dilution and salting out method. Indirect ELISA was used to evaluate the titer and stability of IgY. The purity and specificity of IgY were analysed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot respectively. The inhibitory effects of IgY on α-glucosidase was studied by PNPG method. Results:Indirect ELISA results showed IgY could be detected on the tenth day after the first immunization, and the peak titer of IgY was 1:12 800 after the 40th day of immunization. SDS-PAGE showed that the heavy chain and light chain of IgY were 65 kD and 25 kD respectively, and the IgY against human Sucrase could specifically recognize the protein of human Sucrase. The IgY maintained primary titer when it was kept between 29-69℃ for 15 min,and pH 4-7,37℃,4 h. The titer of IgY was maintained 50% after digestion by pepsin and trypsin respectively for 2 hours. IgY had a higher resistence to pepsin than trypsin after longer digestion time. IgY showed an inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase in concentration dependent manner. The half inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 0. 540 mg/ml. Conclusion:The IgY against human Sucrase has been successfully obtained,which established foundations for its study of Type 2 diabetes mellitus rat models in vivo.

AIM:To investigate the effect and safety of intravitreous injection of conbercept ( 0. 5mg ) on macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion ( CRVO) . ·METHODS: According to the selective criteria, from October 2014 to October 2015, 48 cases ( 48 eyes ) of patients with macular edema secondary to CRVO were collected, which were divided randomly into conbercept group ( 24 cases, 24 eyes ) and control group ( triamcinolone acetonide 4mg/0. 1mL, 24 cases , 24 eyes ) . The best-corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , intraocular pressure, intravitreous injection, fundus oculi, central macular thickness ( CMT ) and related complications were observed before and 1wk, 1, 3, 6 and 12mo after intravitreous injection. · RESULTS: There was no difference on BCVA, intraocular pressure, intravitreous injection, fundus oculi and CMT between the two groups before operations ( P>0.05). There were no significant differences (P>0.05) of the BCVA between two groups after treatment for 1wk, 1, 3, 6 and 12mo. Before and after treatment, the decrease of CMT in conbercept group was respectively 130. 17 ± 1. 72μm, 253. 33 ±3. 14μm, 318. 00±1. 41μm, 20. 01±1. 21μm and 15. 09 ± 1. 41μm, and no related complications. The decrease of CMT in control group was respectively 132. 5± 2.07μm, 249.67±1.21μm, 317.50±4.23μm, 18.01±1.41μm and 16. 09 ± 1. 31μm, and no related complications. There were no significant differences (F=6. 882, P=0. 663>0. 05) of CMT between two groups after treatment for 1wk, 1, 3, 6 and 12mo. Injection times were respectively 2. 83 ± 0. 72 and 3. 17 ± 0. 71 in control group and conbercept group, and the difference between two groups has no statistical significance (P>0. 05). There were 4 cases (17%) of paracentesis of anterior chamber, 3 cases ( 13%) of intraocular hypertension and 1 case ( 4%) of complicated cataract in control group. There was no related complications in conbercept group. ·CONCLUSION: Intravitreous injection of conbercept for macular edema secondary to CRVO is effective, safe and less complications.