Retinoblastoma is the most common pediatric retinal tumor initiated by biallelic inactivation of the retinoblastoma gene ( RB1 ) , affecting roughly 1 in 15000 children with 1100 new cases each year.In China, RB remains a potentially devastating disease while lack of early diagnosis and aggressive treatment strategies.Moreover, RB patients individually show a variety of drug response to regular systemic chemotherapy since intensive chemotherapy and long-term follow-up are not as readily available.The majority of patients with advanced diseases require enucleation which affects the future quality of children life.Recent studies showed that alterations in genomics and epigenomics of RB play very important roles in RB progress and therapy.We thereby review current understanding changes of genomics and epigenomics in RB as potential prognostic and therapeutic targets.

ObjectiveTo observe the discoloration of chemical indicator cards in different positions in pressure steam sterilization bags and stetilization effect.MethodsFrom January 2009 to January 2011,168 packages needing sterilization were divided into group A and group B randomiy with 84 packages in each.We put chemical indicator cards on different positions in the packages.Then discoloration of chemical indicator cards and the qualified rate of bacteriology detection were observed.ResultsThere were 9cases of uneven discoloration in group A,and the incidence rate was 10.71％,higher than group B.The unqualified rate of bacteriology detection in group A was 2.38％,higher than group B(1.19％),but the difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionsChemical indicator cards could reflect the effect of sterilization,but placing them in different positions can appear different results.The chemical indicator cards that placed between the two packing layer could provide powerful evidence for sterilization effects for clinicians,and avoid unnecessary economic waste in Sterilization and Supply Center,which is worthy of being widely used in Sterilization and Supply Center.

Objective: To study the changes in metabolism of (18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose) by positron emission tomography over computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging at different time points after inoculation of VX2 tumor cells into rabbits and determine the difference in FDG metablism between various inoculation regions. Methods: VX2 tumor cells were inoculated into rabbits. PET/CT imaging was performed at d 14 and d 19 postinoculation. The tumor growth and SUV (standard uptake value) changes were recorded. Tumor volume was defined in CT images. SUVmax was used in the calculation of retention index (RI). The distribution of 18F-FDG was observed in tumor samples and pathological examination was performed. The correlations of tumor volume and SUV value at various time points was analyzed. Results: Continuous dynamic PET/CT imaging found that VX2 tumor grew rapidly and the volume of tumor body gradually increased with the prolongation of postinoculation time. A linear increase in SUV was observed when the postinoculation time was prolonged. The tumor volume and SUV value had significant correlation with postinoculation time (r = 0.89, r = 0.93, P < 0.05). However, the RI had no significant difference at various postinoculation time points (P > 0.05). SUV value was not associated with tumor volume at different time points (P > 0.05). Pathological examination validated that the tissues with accumulation of 18-FDG were enriched with tumor cells. Conclusion: VX2 xenografted model in rabbit is an ideal animal model for PET/CT imaging. Similar tumor growth and invasion style are observed regardless of different postinoculation days and body part. The efficacy of radiochemothery should be mornitored by PET/CT imaging in the period when the metablism of 18-FDG increases in linear.

Objective To study clinical application and complication of heavy silicon oil (Densiron68) in the treatment of traumat- ic proliferative vitreoretinopathy.Design Non-comparatives,retrospective case series.Participants Twenty patients with proliferative vitreoretinopathy resulting from ocular trauma were recruited,whose retinal detachment arising from inferior or posterior retinal breaks. Methods Heavy silicon oil was applied to patients during vitrectomy.Silicone oil or gas was applied to patients with redetachment after heavy silicon oil was removed.Main Outcome Measures The rate of retinal attachment,vision,intraocular pressure,inflammatory re- action of anterior segment and silicone oil emulsification period.Results The rate of retinal attachment with one operation using heavy silicon oil was 50%(10/20 eyes)and 15%(3/20 eyes)with further surgery.The average follow-up time was 3.90?1.41 months.At the end of the follow-up,all tamponade agents were removed in 50% patients.Patients' logMAR vision after the surgery was 2.19?0.86,which was better than before the surgery (2.63?1.00) (P=0.037).There was little evidence of high intraocular pressure,excessive inflammatory reaction of anterior segment and cornea endothelial cell damage,but cataract became more serious without exception.Emulsification rate was 100% and the average emulsification period was 2.18?0.87 months.Conclusions Heavy silicon oil tamponade in vitreoretinal surgery for traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy has good efficacy and relatively few complications.However,its emulsification period is relatively short,which may constraint its application to a certain extent.

Adult ; Electromyography ; Gasoline ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Poisoning ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Young Adult

Background Mutant C57BL/6 mouse with corneal opacity (B6-Co) appears eye open at birth (EOB) phenotype,which is a good animal model in the study of developmental mechanism of eyelid.Investigating the relationship between serum response factor (SRF) and EOB phenotype can provide theoretical support for the research on the mechanism of innate defects in eyelid development in humans.Objective This study was to assess the dynamic expressions of SRF in eyelid of embryonic B6-Co mouse.Methods Total RNA was extracted from B6 and B6-Co mice eyelid tissue at embryonic day 16.5 (E16.5 d),E17.5 d and E18.5 d.The relative expression levels of SRF mRNA and protein in the eyelid tissue of B6 and B6-Co embryonic mice were assayed by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot,respectively.In situ expressions of SRF protein in eyelid of B6-Co mice and B6 mice were detected using immunofluorescence technique.The use and care of the animals complied with the Regulation for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals of Nantong University.Results The relative expression levels ofSRF mRNA in the eyelids were 0.41±0.06 and 0.24±0.17 in E16.5 d and E17.5 d of B6-Co mice,showing a significant decline in comparison with 1.03 ±0.17 and 1.01 ±0.09 in the B6 mice (P =0.025,0.017).The expression levels of SRF protein in the eyelids of E16.5 d and E17.5 d B6-Co mice were 0.08±0.01 and 0.08± 0.01,which were significantly lower than 0.12 ±0.03 and 0.13 ± 0.02 of B6 mice (P =0.036,0.024).However,there were no significant differences in the expression levels of SRF mRNA and protein in E18.5 d between the B6-Co mice and B6 mice (P =0.387,0.774).Immunofluorescence assay displayed that SRF was expressed in the keratinocytes of eyelids in both mice,but the fluorescence intensity was weaker in the B6-Co mice.Conclusions SRF probably interrupts the developing process of eyelid in early embryo of B6-Co mice.

Adult ; Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; Silicosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Ten glucosyloxybenzyl 2-isobutylmalates and one benzyl alcohol glycoside were isolated from the dry tuber of Pleione bulbocodioides, which is a specie of Orchidaceae family and its dry tuber is one of the main sources of traditional Chinese medicine "shanci-gu", by a combination of various column chromatographic methods, including ODS, macroporous adsorbent resin, Sepheadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of chemical evidences and spectroscopic analysis asloroglossin (1), grammatophylloside A (2), cronupapine (3), (-)-(2R, 3S)-1-(4-β-D-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl)-4-methyl-2-isobutyltartrate (4), vandateroside II (5), grammatophylloside B (6), bis [4-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy) -benzyl] (S) -2-isopropylmalate (7), gymnoside I (8), militarine (9), dactylorhin A (10), gastrodin (11). Compounds 1-7 were isolated from this genus for the firt time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Malates ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Orchidaceae ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Objective To study the expression and function relations of the p63 in ovarian serous carcinoma,and compare them with normal ovary tissue.Methods RT-PCR,in situ hybridization and im- munohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of the p63 in ovarian serous carcinoma,ovarian bor- derline serous tumors,ovarian benign serous tumors and normal ovary tissues.Results All samples ex- pressed p63 mRNA through RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry,while the levels of expression in ovarian tu- mors was higher than that of normal ovary.p63 in human borderline and malignant ovarian tumors was higher than that in human benign ovarian tumors with significant difference,which suggested p63 may play great roles in the origin and progression of ovarian tumors.The result of in situ hybridization showed that positive expression rate of p63 mRNA in ovarian cancer (92.1%) was significantly higher than that in normal ovary(0) or LWP ovarian cancer(50.0%).Conclusion Expression of p63 plays an important role in the development of varian carcinoma,and along with the difference of histological stage and clinico-pathological stage,the ex- pression of p63 gene and protein level were different.

AIM:To observe the efficacy and safety of 1g/L bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution in the partial substitution of glucocorticoid after laser subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK).METHODS: Totally 104 cases (208 eyes) were received LASEK, which were selected and divided into study group and control group.The study group were adopted 1g/L bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution combined with tobramycin dexamethasone eye drops and fluorometholone eye drops, the control group were adopted tobramycin dexamethasone eye drops and fluorometholone eye drops.The changes of visual acuity and intraocular pressure of two groups were recorded before and after surgery, and the score of painness and the occurrence of haze were observed after surgery.RESULTS: At postoperative 1, 2, 3d, respectively, the pain score of the study group were 1.70±0.35, 1.25±0.34, 0.82±0.32, the pain score of the control group were 2.30±0.43, 1.68±0.44, 1.12±0.33, the differences were significant (P<0.05).Before and at 2wk, 1, 3mo after surgery, respectively, uncorrected visual acuity of study group were 0.035±0.02, 0.71±0.13, 0.89±0.17, 0.88±0.18, while which of control group were 0.037±0.015, 0.73±0.15, 0.87±0.14, 0.86±0.15 (P>0.05), and the differences were not significant(P>0.05).At preoperative and postoperative 1, 2wk, 1 and 3mo of surgery, respectively, the intraocular pressure of study group were 17.33±1.58, 7.54±1.28, 7.23±1.58, 7.26±1.47, and 7.30±1.36 mmHg;the intraocular pressure of control group were 17.53±1.43,7.57±1.32,7.73±1.55,7.80±1.38,7.86±1.43 mmHg,the differences were not significant between before and at 2wk after surgery(P>0.05), the differences were significant between the two groups at 2wk, 1mo and 3mo (P<0.05).At postoperative 1, 3mo of surgery, the score of haze level of the study group were 91.7% and 93.3%, respectively and which in control group were 92.0% and 92.9%, respectively, and the differences were not significant between the two groups at every time point(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: It is safe and effective that 1g/L bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution in the partial substitution of glucocorticoid after laser subepithelial keratomileusis.The patient has a lower intraocular pressure, has similar therapeutic effect as glucocorticoid in vision and antiinflammatory.