OBJECTIVETo develop a new injectable biomaterial carrageenan/nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen (nHAC/Carr) for bone surgery and characterize it.

METHODSnHAC/Carr was developed by filling carrageenan with nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen (nHAC) granules.

RESULTSIt was found that nHAC/Carr had similar X-ray diffraction patterns with that of nHAC. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that carrageenan did not change its structure in nHAC/Carr. The rheological behavior of nHAC/Carr was the same as carrageenan. The scanning electron microscopy and porosity analysis showed that nHAC/Carr had porous structure and its porosity was about 90%.

CONCLUSIONThe biomaterial nHAC/Carr may be used as an injectable bone substitute.

Bone Substitutes ; chemistry ; Carrageenan ; Collagen ; Durapatite ; Injections ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Nanoparticles ; Porosity ; Surface Properties ; X-Ray Diffraction

OBJECTIVETo analyze the short-term prognosis and risk factors of ventricular septal rupture (VSR) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

METHODSA total of 70 consecutive VSR patients following AMI hospitalized in our hospital from January 2002 to October 2010 were enrolled in this study. We compared the clinical characteristics of patients with VSR who survived ≤ 30 days (n = 39) and survived > 30 days (n = 31) post AMI. A short-term prognosis index of VSR (SPIV) was established based on the logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSThe single factor analysis showed that the risk factors of death within 30 days of VSR patients were female, anterior AMI, Killip class 3 or 4, apical VSR and non-aneurysm (all P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that female (P = 0.013), anterior AMI (P = 0.023), non-aneurysm (P = 0.023), non-diabetes (P = 0.009), Killip class 3 or 4 (P = 0.022) and time from AMI to VSR less than 4 days (P = 0.027) were independent risk determinants for death within 30 days post VSR. Patients with SPIV ≥ 9 were associated with high risk [77.4% (24/31)] of dying within 30 days post AMI. SPIV ≤ 8 were associated with low risk as the 30 days mortality is 28.6% (8/28).

CONCLUSIONFemale gender, anterior AMI, non-aneurysm, non-diabetes, Killip class 3 or 4 and time from AMI to VSR less than 4 days are independent risk factors of short-term mortality of VSR.

Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; complications ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Ventricular Septal Rupture ; etiology