Objective To construct intrauterine adhesion (IUA) mouse models induced by two different concentrations of ethanol injury, compare the phenotypes, and optimize a more stable IUA modeling method. Methods Twenty 8-week-old female C57BL/6N mice were randomly divided into two groups: the 95% ethanol injury group and the 50% ethanol injury group. Using a self-control method, the left uterine horn was infused with ethanol to establish the IUA model, while the right uterine horn was infused with saline as the sham operation. Five mice from each group were euthanized on day 7 and 15 after modeling, and uterine tissues were collected. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the endometrial pathology, and Masson staining was used to assess the degree of endometrial fibrosis. Quantitative real-time PCR was employed to detect the expression levels of fibrosis markers and pro-inflammatory factors in the uterine tissues. Results Compared to the sham operation, these two ethanol injury led to a significant reduction in elasticity of the uterus, an increase in inflammatory infiltration, and a marked increase in the degree of fibrosis on day 7 after modeling (P<0.05). The 95% ethanol injury group showed a significant decrease in endometrial thickness (P<0.05), whereas no significant change was observed in the 50% ethanol injury group when compared to the sham operation (P>0.05). The expression levels of fibrotic marker molecules collagen type Ⅳ alpha 1 chain (Col4A1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and pro-inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were significantly elevated in the 50% ethanol injury group when compared to the sham operation (P<0.05), although there was an increasing trend of the same markers in the 95% ethanol injury group, the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). On day 15 after modeling, the histopathological changes in both ethanol injury groups were not significant when compared to the sham operation, the expression levels of Col4A1, TGF-β, TNF-α and IL-1β remained significantly higher in the 50% ethanol injury group (P<0.05), while only IL-1β was significantly elevated in the 95% ethanol injury group (P<0.05). Conclusion Uterine infusion with 95% ethanol results in more marked histopathological changes in the IUA mouse model compared to the 50% ethanol injury group. The 95% ethanol injury model is suitable for histopathological studies. However, the 50% ethanol injury group shows higher expression levels of fibrosis markers and pro-inflammatory factors compared to the 95% ethanol injury group, suggesting that the 50% ethanol injury model is more suitable for molecular pathological study.

Objective To analyze the atrioventricular synchronization rate after implantation of Micra AV leadless pacemaker,and the impact of postoperative programming optimization on atrioventricular synchronization rate.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted to select patients with complete atrioventricular block who underwent Micra AV leadless pacemaker implantation at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from August 2022 to June 2023.Programming optimization were performed at 1 week,1 month,and 3 months postoperatively,and atrioventricular synchronization rate,electrical parameters,and echocardiography were recorded.Results A total of 68 patients with complete atrioventricular block implanted with Micra AV were selected,with an average age of(68.2±9.7)years,including 47 males(69.1％).All patients were successfully implanted with Micra AV,and there were no serious postoperative complications;The average threshold,sense,and impedance parameters were stable during 1 week,1 month,and 3 months after the procedure;There was no significant difference in the EF value of postoperative echocardiography(P=0.162);The average atrioventricular synchronization rates at 1 week,1 month,and 3 months postoperatively were(75.2％vs.83.8％vs.91.6％,P=0.001).Conclusions As an mechanical atrial sensing,Micra AV requires personalized adjustment of relevant parameters;Postoperative follow-up programming optimization plays an important role in the atrioventricular synchronization and comfort level in patients with complete atrioventricular block after implantation of Micra AV leadless pacemaker.

Objective To develop an expert consensus on subcutaneous injection nursing for allergic asthma in children,standardize nursing practice to reduce the occurrence of related adverse reactions.Methods The clinical guideline,expert consensus,systematic review,evidence summary and original research on subcutaneous injection of monoclonal antibody drug for children with allergic asthma were comprehensively searched in domestic and foreign databases.The time limit for retrieval was from the establishment of databases until August 2023.Combined with clinical practice experience,the first draft of the consensus was formed.From December 2023 to February 2024,27 experts were invited to conduct 2 rounds of expert letter consultation,revise and improve the contents of the first draft,and expert demonstration was conducted,and finally a consensus final draft was formed.Results The effective recovery rate of the 2 rounds of letter consultation questionnaires was 100％;the authority coefficient of experts was 0.88;the judging basis coefficient was 0.93;the familiarity coefficient was 0.83.In the 2 rounds of correspondence,the Kendall concordant coefficients of expert opinions were 0.241 and 0.252,respectively(P＜0.001 for both).The consensus includes 6 parts,including personnel management,environmental layout,indications and contraindications,subcutaneous injection operation norms,identification and treatment of adverse reactions,and health education.Conclusion The consensus is strongly scientific and practical,and can provide guidance for nursing practice of subcutaneous injection of monoclonal antibodies in children with allergic asthma.

Objective: To investigate the toxicity of tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) and tributyl phosphate (TnBP) on the growth and development of zebrafish embryos, as well as to explore the underlying mechanisms at the transcriptional level. Methods: With zebrafish as a model, two hpf zebrafish embryos were exposed to TCIPP and TnBP (0.1, 1, 10, 100, 500, and 1 000 μmol/L) using the semi-static method, and their rates of lethality and hatchability were determined. The transcriptome changes of 120 hpf juvenile zebrafish exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of 0.1 and 1 μmol/L were measured. Results: The 50% lethal concentrations (LC₅₀) of TCIPP and TnBP for zebrafish embryos were 155.30 and 27.62 μmol/L (96 hpf), 156.5 and 26.05 μmol/L (120 hpf), respectively. The 72 hpf hatching rates of TCIPP (100 μmol/L) and TnBP (10 μmol/L) were (23.33±7.72)% and (91.67±2.97)%, which were significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.05). Transcriptome analysis showed that TnBP had more differential genes (DEGs) than TCIPP, with a dose-response relationship. These DEGs were enriched in 32 pathways in total, including those involved in oxidative stress, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, and nuclear receptor-related pathways, using the IPA pathway analysis. Among them, three enriched pathways overlapped between TCIPP and TnBP, including TR/RXR activation and CAR/RXR activation. Additionally, DEGs were also mapped onto pathways of LXR/RXR activation and oxidative stress for TnBP exposure only. Conclusion: Both TCIPP and TnBP have growth and developmental toxicities in zebrafish embryos, with distinct biomolecular mechanisms, and TnBP has a stronger effect than TCIPP.
Animals ; Zebrafish/metabolism* ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism* ; Transcriptome ; Oxidative Stress ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/metabolism*

Background::The ideal blood pressure (BP) target for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is still unclear. The present study aimed to assess the effect of the baseline BP on all-cause mortality in patients with AF.Methods::This registry study included 20 emergency centers across China and consecutively enrolled patients with AF from 2008 to 2011. All participants were followed for 1 year ± 1 month. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality.Results::During the follow-up, 276 (13.9%) all-cause deaths occurred. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that a systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≤110 mmHg or >160 mmHg was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality (log-rank test, P = 0.014), and a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) <70 mmHg was associated with the highest risk of all-cause mortality (log-rank test, P = 0.002). After adjusting for confounders, the multivariable Cox regression model suggested that the risk of all-cause mortality was increased in the group with SBP ≤110 mmHg (hazard ratio [HR], 1.963; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.306-2.951), and DBP <70 mmHg (HR, 1.628; 95% CI, 1.163-2.281). In the restricted cubic splines, relations between baseline SBP or DBP and all-cause mortality showed J-shaped associations (non-linear P <0.001 and P = 0.010, respectively). The risk of all-cause mortality notably increased at a lower baseline SBP and DBP. Conclusions::Having a baseline SBP ≤110 mmHg or DBP <70 mmHg was associated with a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality in patients with AF. An excessively low BP may not be an optimal target for patients with AF.

The present study quickly identified the ginsenosides in fresh Panax ginseng and specified the effects of different drying methods(50 ℃-drying, 80 ℃-drying, and-70 ℃ freeze-drying) on ginsenosides.Three P.ginseng products by different drying methods were prepared, and the UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap high-resolution liquid mass spectrometry(MS) technique was applied to perform gradient elution using water-acetonitrile as the mobile phase, and the data collected in the negative ion mode were analyzed using X Calibur 2.2.The results showed that 57 saponins were identified from fresh P.ginseng.As revealed by the comparison with the fresh P.ginseng, in terms of the loss of ginsenosides, the dried products were ranked as the dried product at 50 ℃, freeze-dried products at-70 ℃, and the dried product at 80 ℃ in the ascending order.This study elucidated the effects of different drying methods on the types and relative content of ginsenosides, which can provide references for the processing of P.ginseng in the producing areas.
Ginsenosides/analysis* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Panax ; Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Saponins

Objective:To develop and evaluate the reliability and validity of risk behavior scale for in-home unintentional injury in urban children aged 0-6 years in China.Methods:Through literature review, expert consultation and pre-survey, the final scale was determined with 10 dimensions and 54 items. A total of 1 104 children aged 0-6 years were randomly selected by using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling in the urban area of Changsha and their guardians were invited to participate in this questionnaire survey. The information about the basic characteristics, incidence of unintentional injury and risk behaviors of the children were collected. Cronbach's α coefficient and split-half reliability were used to evaluate the reliability of the scale. Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman correlation coefficient and factor analysis were used to evaluate the content validity and structural validity of the scale respectively. The children were divided into two groups according to the incidence of unintentional injury, and t-test was used to analyze the discriminant validity of the scale. Results:The children risk behavior scale had 54 items in 10 dimensions. A total of 1 094 valid questionnaires were returned and the effective response rate was 99.09%. The incidence of unintentional injury in the children was 18.65% (204/1 104). The Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.94, and the split-half reliability was 0.87. The Pearson correlation coefficients between each dimension and the total scale were 0.50-0.84 (all P<0.001). A total of 11 common factors were extracted from the total scale, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 56.52%. The average factor load of 54 items was more than 0.30. The fitting indexes of the scale were 0.06 for root mean square error of approximation, 0.78 for comparative fit index, 0.79 for goodness-of-fit index, and 0.77 for adjusted goodness-of-fit index. The children with injuries had higher scores than those without injuries, the difference was significant ( P<0.001). Conclusion:The scale developed has good reliability and validity on assessing the risk behaviors of unintentional injury in urban children in China.

Serum samples were tested for IgG antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence assays. We then analyzed associated risk factors. Serum samples were considered positive when reactive at a dilution of more than 1:320. Differences between groups and risk factors associated with exposure were statistically analyzed using Chi-square tests and the generalized linear model. 122 of 1,260 samples (9.68%) were positive for infection. The infection rate ranged from 0% to 30.43% and differed significantly among age groups ( < 0.01); infection rate in the 50-59 years group was significantly higher than that in other age groups. The seroprevalence of varied significantly among sites within the four provinces, and the infection rate of field workers was significantly higher than that of urban workers.

Objective:To investigate the effect of inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammatory bodies on the inflammatory response of macrophages induced by silica (SiO 2) dust. Methods:Rat alveolar macrophages (NR8383) cells were used to establish the cell model, which was divided into four groups: blank control group, dust exposure group (50 mg/L silica dust suspension) , NLRP3 inhibitor group (50 mg/L silica dust suspension and 20 μmol/L NLRP3 inhibitor) , luteolin group (50 mg/L silica dust suspension and 20 μmol/L luteolin) . Samples were collected at 12, 24 and 48 hours after culture. The secretion of inflammatory factors IL and TGF-β 1 were detected by ELISA. The levels of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 were detected by Western Blot. Results:Compared with the blank control group, the survival rates of NR8383 cells in the dust exposure group, NLRP3 inhibitor group and luteolin group were all decreased after 12, 24 and 48 hours of dust exposure, and the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-18, TGF-β1, NLRP3 and Caspase-1 were significantly increased ( P<0.05) . Compared with the dust exposure group, NR8383 cells in NLRP3 inhibitor group and luteolin group had higher cell survival rates and lower levels of IL-1β, IL-18, TGF-β1, NLRP3 and Caspase-1 after 12, 24 and 48 hours of dust exposure ( P<0.05) . Compared with the NLRP3 inhibitor group, the IL-1β level of NR8383 cells in luteolin group decreased significantly at 12, 24 and 48 h, the IL-18 and TGF-β1 levels decreased significantly at 48 h, the NLRP3 and Caspase-1 levels decreased significantly at 24 h ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammaasome activation can reduce the inflammatory response of macrophages induced by SiO 2 dust.

Objective:To investigate the effect of inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammatory bodies on the inflammatory response of macrophages induced by silica (SiO 2) dust. Methods:Rat alveolar macrophages (NR8383) cells were used to establish the cell model, which was divided into four groups: blank control group, dust exposure group (50 mg/L silica dust suspension) , NLRP3 inhibitor group (50 mg/L silica dust suspension and 20 μmol/L NLRP3 inhibitor) , luteolin group (50 mg/L silica dust suspension and 20 μmol/L luteolin) . Samples were collected at 12, 24 and 48 hours after culture. The secretion of inflammatory factors IL and TGF-β 1 were detected by ELISA. The levels of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 were detected by Western Blot. Results:Compared with the blank control group, the survival rates of NR8383 cells in the dust exposure group, NLRP3 inhibitor group and luteolin group were all decreased after 12, 24 and 48 hours of dust exposure, and the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-18, TGF-β1, NLRP3 and Caspase-1 were significantly increased ( P<0.05) . Compared with the dust exposure group, NR8383 cells in NLRP3 inhibitor group and luteolin group had higher cell survival rates and lower levels of IL-1β, IL-18, TGF-β1, NLRP3 and Caspase-1 after 12, 24 and 48 hours of dust exposure ( P<0.05) . Compared with the NLRP3 inhibitor group, the IL-1β level of NR8383 cells in luteolin group decreased significantly at 12, 24 and 48 h, the IL-18 and TGF-β1 levels decreased significantly at 48 h, the NLRP3 and Caspase-1 levels decreased significantly at 24 h ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammaasome activation can reduce the inflammatory response of macrophages induced by SiO 2 dust.