ObjectiveTo investigate the serum prostate-specific antigen (tPSA),serum free PSA to total PSA ratio (f/tPSA),prostate volume (PV) and prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) in early prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis.MethodsRetrospective analysis was performed on serum PSA values and related test results from 252 cases of BPH patients and 49 patients with PCa.Prostate volume (PV) was measured by transrectal ultrasound (TRUS),and the f/tPSAand PSAD values were calculated.The differences of serum tPSA,f/tPSA,PV,and PSAD between BPH and PCa group were compared,the area under the ROC curve was used to evaluate these four indicators for its diagnostic sensitivity and diagnostic specificity.ResultsThe values of tPSA,PSAD in PCa group were significantly higher than BPH group ( P ＜0.05),while the values of f/tPSA,PV in PCa group were significantly lower than BPH group ( P ＜0.01orP ＜0.05).The ROC area showed that serum tPSA(0.8013),f/tPSA(0.7390),PV(0.5613) had lower diagnosis value than PSAD(0.9214) in early prostate cancer ( PSAD ＞ tPSA ＞ f/tPSA ＞ PV).When the upper limit of normal PSA was set to take 4ng/ml,the sensitivity was 91.49％,diagnostic specificity was 51.05％.When the f/tPSA threshold set to 0.16,the diagnostic sensitivity was 57.78％,diagnostic specificity was 78.72％.When PSAD threshold was set to 0.15,diagnostic sensitivity was 88.24％,diagnostic specificity was 81.52％.ConclusionsPSA,f/tPSA and PSAD are indicators for biopsy or followup in early diagnosis of prostate cancer.In particular,the diagnostic value of PSAD has higher sensitivity and specificity than PSA and f/tPSA in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

The role of general practitioners in the UK was analyzed and we found that in the UK, there was normalized general medical education system, perfect general practitioner training sys-tem, specific responsibilities and assessment index, close liaison group between primary and secondary care, strong economic supporting measures and high degree of recognition. Therefore, to deepen med-ical reform and improve basic medical service, we must accelerate general practitioners training, im-prove practice ability of general practitioners, establish the first-treatment system in community, reit-erate role of gatekeeper, enhance the payment of general practitioner and increase their sense of iden-tity. At the same time, we must strengthen the informatization construction, set up the first-treatment in the community and the patency of two-way referral system.

Objective To study the expression and prognostic significance of neuroendocrine differentiation markers chromogranin A(CgA)and synaptophysin(SYN) in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods From January 2000 to January 2003,123 patients with NSCLC who received operations were investigated.The resected specimens and clinical data were collected.Immunohistochemical Elivison method was used to detecte the expression of CgA and SYN.Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox proportional hazard model multivariate analysis were applied for the prognostic factors. Results The positive expression rates of CgA and SYN were 22%,17.9%,respectively.The expression of SYN was associated with histological differentiation(P=0.001).No significant association was found between NSCLC with neuroendocrine differentiation(NSCLC-ND) and sex,age,smoke index,TNM Stage and pathology classification.No evidence showed the patients with positive expression of CgA or SYN could be tolerant with more cycles of chemotherapy(P=0.406).Kaplan-Meier survival curve indicated the survival had a relation with the expression of CgA and SYN.It was revealed by Cox analysis that SYN(P=0.001),TNM stage(P=0.02)and the maximal diameter of tumor(P=0.049) were independent prognostic factors. Conclusion The patients with NSCLC-ND had a poorer prognosis.SYN may be one of the prognostic factors in patients with NSCLC.

To explore the effects of psychological capital social support and their interaction on job satisfaction in Methods natural gas field workers. A total of 1 473 workers from a natural gas field were selected as the research subjects ， using convenient sampling method. Job Satisfaction Questionnaire Psychological Capital Questionnaire and Social Support ， Results Scale were used to investigate the scores of job satisfaction psychological capital and social support level. The ， ， detection rates of job satisfaction psychological capital and social support in the high level group were 55.9% 52.5% and ， 48.1% respectively. The detection rates of job satisfaction of workers in the high level psychological capital group and high level （ social support group were higher than those in the low level psychological capital group and low level social support group 67.4% vs ， vs ， P ） 43.3% 71.9% 41.2% all <0.01 . The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that psychological capital ［ （CI） （ - ） and social support had positive effects on job satisfaction odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were 1.58 1.17 2.41 （ - ）， ， P ］ ， and 2.53 1.82 3.52 respectively all <0.01 . Moreover the psychological capital and social support had additive effect on ［ CI （ - ）， CI job satisfaction relative excess risk of interaction and 95% was 3.07 1.02 5.12 attributable proportion and 95% was （ - ）， CI （ - ）］， 0.48 0.35 0.61 synergy index and 95% was 2.34 1.72 3.16 but there was no multiplication interaction between （P ）Conclusion psychological capital and social support >0.05 . Psychological capital and social support can positively affect job satisfaction of natural gas workers. There is an additive interaction between psychological capital and social support on job ， satisfaction but no multiplicative interaction is found. Keywords: ； ； ； ； ； Psychological capital Social support Job satisfaction Interaction Natural gas Worker

Objectives：This study was designed to investigate the clinical pathological characteristics of malignant lymphoepithelial lesion(MLEL) of salivary glands and the relationship with EBV（ Epstein-Barr Virus） . Methods：In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical methods were used to detect EBERs (EBV-encoded small RNAs), latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), EBNA2(EB nuclear antigen-2), and ZEBRA (Z EBV replication activator) in paraffin embedded tissues of 41 MLEL cases. Results：(1)Forty cases of MLEL showed staining with EBERs. Positive rate of EBERs by in situ hybridization in 41 cases of MLEL was 97.56％ . (2)LMP1 expression was detected in 75.6％ (31/41), positive rate of ZEBRA was 2.5％ (1/41), no EBNA2 was found (0/20). Conclusion：EBV might play an important role in pathogenesis of MLEL.

Objective To detect the Yersinia pestis plasmid and molecular weight along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.Methods Yersinia pestis plasmids molecular weight detected and analyzed using alkaline lysis,phenol-chloroform extraction of Yersinia pestis plasmid by agarose gel electrophoresis.Results The 18 Yersinia pestis strains of Qinghai-Tibet Railway contained 6×106,45×106,52×106,65×106,92×106plasmid,varing in the range of the 52×106-92×106.Conclusions The Yersinia pestis of Qinghai-Tibet Railway has a standardplasmid graphics,with the biggest Yersinia pestis plasmid changing in a certain regular degree,which providessignificance in the study of plague natural foci of the spatial structure and the genetic.characteristics of Yersiniapestis.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of low-tube-voltage, low injection rate, low contrast agent dosage in combination with iterative model reconstruction ( IMR) algorithm in CT angiography ( CTA) of the head-and-neck vessels .Methods Sixty patients who underwent CT angiography of the head-and-neck vessels were randomly divided into groups A and B with 30 cases in each group .Patients in group A received a conventional scan with 120 kVp and filterback projected ( FBP) reconstruction .Patients in group B received a low-dose scan with 80 kVp, and image reconstruction with FBP ( group B1) and IMR (group B2)algorithm.The contrast agent protocol were as follows: the injection time in all patients was 10s, the injection rate was 4.5-5.5 ml/s in group A while 3.5-4.0 ml/s in group B.The CT values of artery, image noise, signal to noise ratio ( SNR) and contrast to noise ratio ( CNR) were measured and compared among three groups with One-way ANOVA analysis . Image quality was evaluated by two radiologists with five scale method , and compared with Kruskal-Wallis test .The CT dose index volume (CTDIvol) and dose length product ( DLP) were recorded and compared between groups with two independent samples t-test.Results The image quality scores of groups A , B1and B2 were 3-5, 2-4 and 3 -5, respectively .Image quality of twelve patients in group B 1 couldn′t meet the diagnostic requirements but none in group A and B 2.The objective image parameters SNR and CNR for group B 2 were equal to group A ( P >0.05), while those for group B1 were lower than group A (t=13.39, 9.45, P<0.05) and group B2 (t=-12.14, -9.96,P<0.05).CTDIvol and DLP for group B were separately 80.9%, 81.3%lower than those of group A(t=39.1, 32.2,P<0.05).The injection rate and contrast agent volume for group B were separately 22.0%, 22.1% lower than those of group A ( t=20.8, 20.8, P<0.01) .Conclusions It is feasible in CT angiography of the head-and-neck vessels with lower tube-voltage, lower injection rate, lower contrast agent dose and combining with iterative model reconstruction algorithm.This protocol can reduce the radiation dose by 81.3% while maintaining image quality .Trial registration Chinese clinical trial registry ,ChiCTR-BOC-16010060.

Animals ; Bone and Bones ; chemistry ; Female ; Ovariectomy ; adverse effects ; Ovary ; surgery ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Estrogen ; analysis ; Transforming Growth Factors ; analysis

Objective To evaluate diagnosis and preoperative management of cases with interrupted aortic arch(IAA)in infancy.Methods Fifty-three infants who were admitted to our hospital from Jan.2001 to Nov.2007 were involved.Clinical data,findings of echocardiogram(Echo),spiral CT,MRI,angiocardiography,preoperative management,surgical repair and postoperative outcome were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 38 boys and 15 girls,weighted 2.18-10.0(4.32?1.60)kg,aged 1 day to 12(3.05?3.53)months,of which 50.94% were neonates.Symptoms at presentation were 90.57% with tachypnea and 83.02% with difficulty in feeding.Eighty three point zero two percentage cases had different degree of congestive heart failure,37.74% of which were in grade Ⅲ heart function.All cases had weakened femoral pulse.All cases were performed Echo,38 cases of them diagnosed as IAA,6 cases as IAA or severe coarctation of aorta(CoA);they were diagnosed as IAA by CT,and 9 as severe CoA who were diagnosed as IAA via CT or operation.Thirty-three cases were performed CT,of which 15 underwent surgical repair,cardiovascular abnormalities revealed by CT were the same as those in surgical findings.Three cases were taken MRI,and 7 cases were performed angiocardiography.According to the results of Echo,CT,MRI,angiocardiography and surgical findings,35 cases were type A,15 cases were type B and 3 cases were type C.Preoperative treatment included maintaining patent ductus areriosis,management of heart failure and supportive treatment.After proper preoperative management of medication,most cases with congestive heart failure were improved.Twenty-six cases underwent surgical repair,16 survived,10 died du-ring perioperative stage.Main cause of death was severe low cardiac output.Conclusions Value of Echo in diagnosis of IAA is limi-ted.Combination of Echo with CT or MRI is a convenient and safe way to diagnose IAA,it can replace the traditional method of Echo combined with angiocardiography.Proper preoperative management is helpful to patients with IAA to pass to surgical repair,and makes for successful operation.

OBJECTIVETo find out an effective therapy for obesity induced by antipsychotic agents.

METHODSOne hundred and one cases of obesity who were being treated with antipsychotic agents were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group. The observation group were treated with electroacupuncture at Quchi (LI 11), Zusanli (ST 36), Fenglong (ST 40), Shangjuxu (ST 37) and Xiajuxu (ST 39), once a day for 8 weeks; and no treatment was given to the control group. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used for assessment of therapeutic effect and the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) for adverse effects.

RESULTSThe clinically effective rate of the observation group (54.9%) was superior to the control group (10.0%) with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The BPRS score-reducing rate was 24.92% and 28.62% in the both groups respectively, and with no adverse effects.

CONCLUSIONElectroacupuncture has a good therapeutic effect on obesity induced by antipsychotic agents, and it improves the patient's compliance with no adverse effect.