BACKGROUND:Using three dimensional (3D) reconstruction techniques,any part of body is accessible to visual observation.However,reports concerning 3D reconstruction of craniofacial vascularity based on PC are few in China.OBJECTIVE:To explore the method and the application values of reconstructing a digital 3D model of craniofacial vascularity based on the data of CT strengthening scanning.METHODS:CT strengthening scan images from a healthy volunteer in DICOM format were imported into Mimics 10.01 software and craniofacial blood vessels were reconstructed with the technique of thresholding,editing and 3D region growing.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The 3D digital model of craniofacial blood vessels was obtained.This model could be zoomed and rotated randomly and displayed the spatial positions and adjacent relationships of different anatomical structures,also the reconstructed structures could be measured in 3D space.The 3D digital model of craniofacial blood vessels can be reconstructed conveniently and quickly with Mimics software on PC,and also it can bring morphological reference to human anatomy teaching,clinical neurosurgery,oral and maxillofacial surgery,as well as image diagnosis,and will be helpful to generate a virtual plateform in craniofacial surgery.

Objective To investigate the arterial injury in vitro porcine kidney to different size of nephrostomy tracts. Methods The technique of percutaneous nephrostomy was applied to establish 11 groups of different size of nephrostomy tracts from 12 F to 32 F,with 40 tracts in every group.The technique of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was used to inspect and analyze arterial injury. Results In the range from 12 F to 32 F,the damage of arterial injury increased with the size of the tract diameter.In groups of 20 F and 32 F,the number of nephrostomy tracts with serious arterial injury was 18 (18/40) and 30 (30/40) respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).There was no statistical difference between groups 18 F、20 F、and 22 F. Conclusions The damage of renal arterial injury increased with the size of the nephrostomy tract.Atract of 20 F reduees arterial injury compared with a tract of 32 F.

Anatomic structure in craniofacial region is very complicated and orthognathic surgery is difficultly performed.Therefore,it is necessary to generate virtual surgical model from CT scan data before operation on personal computer in order to make surgery more accurate.This technique has been increasingly interested in the field of orthognathic surgery both at home and abroad.The sample was scanned with thin-layer CT.CT image data (336 layer,1.0 mm slice thickness) were analyzed with the Mimics software.Simultaneously,three-dimensional model and virtual surgery of the facial cranium were established.The digitized virtual surgical platform of facial cranium was preliminarily created,and three common surgical methods in maxillofacial surgery,i.e.,LeFort Ⅰ osteotomy,mandibular angle osteotomy,and genioplasty,for maxillofacial surgery were simulated.The results showed that the digitized virtual surgical platform of facial cranium could be generated with the Mimics software on personal computer,which provides convenient and quick methods for research,teaching,and clinical surgery.More importantly,it creates theoretical basis for virtual surgical platform which can be widely used on personal computer.

The title of a book is, generally, the high concentration of the writer's intention and the theme of content. Translate the title of an ancient Chinese medical book or document accurately and plainly is meaningful for exhibiting the style of the book, also for promoting the international communication of TCM. The principle should be followed is to choose the translating terms accurately to reveal the theme of content and express the cultural connotation of the book perfectly.
Books ; history ; China ; History, Ancient ; Medicine in Literature ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history ; Terminology as Topic ; Translating

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; complications ; pathology ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sarcoma, Kaposi ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; virology ; Stomach ; pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; virology ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an important treatment option for male infertility at pre-sent.However, a few patients still suffer from repeated ICSI fertilization failure because their sperm is unable to activate oocytes.Artificial oocyte activation (AOA) technology can improve the fertilization rate, pregnancy rate, live birth rate, etc., but it remains unknown whether AOA has short- and long-term effect on offspring.In this article, recent literature about the effect of AOA technology on perinatal outcomes, genetics, physical development and neurological development of offspring was summarized.This paper aims to provide reference for reproductive medicine workers and pediatricians in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVETo understand the epidemic condition, distribution and biological characteristics of non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae from 2001 to 2009 in Haizhu District, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of acute diarrhea.

METHODSReferring to the detecting method written in "Cholera control handbook" in the fifth edition, 764 specimens from outside environment (including the water in the Pearl River, drinking water, water for breeding fish, aquatic products and delicatessen foods), 189 specimens of healthy population and 3398 intestinal samples of patients with diarrhea, summing up to 4351 specimens for non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae test.

RESULTS4,351 specimens were detected of 101 strains of non O1/non O139 Vibrio cholerae, the total detection rate was 2.32%; 66 strains were identified by serotyping and grouped into 26 different serotypes, the typing rate was 65.3%. The strains VBO9, VBO38 and VBO76 were the dominant bacteria.Nine strains of the same type of non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae were found from external environments also from patients with diarrhea, suggesting that there might be a correlation between the two.

CONCLUSIONNon-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae have diversified serotypes, causing certain infection rate among the population in this region. These bacteria exist extensively in external environment and they are the potential hazard to the citizens.

China ; epidemiology ; Cholera ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Humans ; Serotyping ; Vibrio cholerae ; classification ; isolation & purification

AIMTo study the effect of chronic hypoxic hypercapnia on expression of COX-2 mRNA in pulmonary arterioles.

METHODSSD rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group and hypoxic hypercapnic group. COX-2 mRNA was observed in pulmonary arterioles by the technique of in situ hybridization.

RESULTSmPAP, weight ratio of right ventricle (RV) to left ventricle plus septum (LV + S) and COX-2 mRNA in pulmonary arterioles were much higher in rats of hypoxic hypercapnic group than those of control group. Light microscopy showed that vessel smooth muscle cell hypertrophy and vessel cavity straightness were found in hypoxic hypercapnic group.

CONCLUSIONChanges of expressions of COX-2 mRNA may regulate hypoxic hypercapnic pulmonary hypertension.

Animals ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hypercapnia ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Pulmonary Artery ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

AIMTo study the effect of aspirin on chronic hypoxia and hypercapnic pulmonary hypertension.

METHODSSD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (A), hypoxic hypercapnic group (B), hypoxic hypercapnia + aspirin group (C). The concentration of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1alpha in plasma and in lung were detected by the technique of radioimmunology.

RESULTS(1) mPAP was significantly higher in B group than those of A and C group. Differences of mCAP were not significant in three groups. (2) Light microscopy showed that WA/TA (vessel wall area/total area) and PAMT (the thickness of medial smooth cell layer) were significantly higher in B group than those of A and C group. (3) The concentration of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1alpha in plasma and lung as well as the ratio of TXB2/6-keto-PGF1alpha were significantly higher in rats of B group than those of A and C group.

CONCLUSIONAspirin may inhibit hypoxic hypercapnia pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary vessel remodeling.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha ; metabolism ; Animals ; Aspirin ; pharmacology ; Carotid Arteries ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Epoprostenol ; metabolism ; Hypercapnia ; physiopathology ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Male ; Pulmonary Artery ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thromboxane A2 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo improve evidence-based care in the management of tuberculosis, we retrospectively analyzed the bacterial types and drug sensitivity test results of mycobacteria in Guangzhou over the past twelve years (from July 1998 to March 2010).

METHODSOver these twelve years, a total of 14 095 mycobacterial strains isolated from different samples were subjected to type identification and drug sensitivity tests according to the Standard Protocols of Laboratory Diagnostics for Tuberculosis by the Chinese Antituberculosis Association. Chi-square test was performed for statistical analyses for comparisons between groups.

RESULTSOf 14 095 strains of mycobacteria isolated, 10 844 strains (76.84%) were MTB, and 3251 strains (23.16%) were non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM). Compared with the result of the fourth national survey of tuberculosis epidemiology, which showed 11.1% of NTM, the one of our study was significantly different (χ(2) = 69.79, P < 0.001). Drug sensitivity tests of MTB showed tolerance rates of 28.99% (2729/9413), 21.75% (2047/9413), 17.45% (1643/9413) and 11.53% (1085/9413) against isoniazid, rifampin, streptomycin and ethambutol, respectively.

CONCLUSIONAn increasing trend was observed in MTB drug tolerance against streptomycin, rifampin and isoniazid, whereas more and more NTM strains were isolated in recent years. These findings are worthy of note for clinicians.

Antitubercular Agents ; pharmacology ; Bacterial Typing Techniques ; China ; epidemiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mycobacterium ; classification ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Tuberculosis ; epidemiology ; microbiology