Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Antioxidants ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hyperoxia ; complications ; drug therapy ; Lung Injury ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To establish a quantitative detection method for Mycobacterium tuberculosis by immunomagnetic capture combined with PCR-ELISA detection system with double internal standards(IMC-PCR-ELISA) .Methods The immunomagnetic (Dynabeads? ) which could specifically capture Mycobacterium tuberculosis were prepared .According to Mtp40 and IS6110 gene sequence of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ,2 pairs of primers(upstream primer was modified with Biotin at 5′end) ,2 same-length mutant fragments with PCR amplified fragments ,and 3 capture probes(modified with digoxigenin at 3′end) were designed .Myco-bacterium tuberculosis were captured by immunomagnetic ,then detected by PCR-ELISA with double internal standards .Results The IMC-PCR-ELISA method could yield quantitative results in about 4 h with a detection limit at 5 × 103 copies/mL .There was a fine linear relationship between the copies of Mtp40(IS6110)in fact and in the calculation through formula when the concentrations of low internal standards were 30-70 copies/mL and the concentrations of high internal standards were 8 000-12 000 copies/mL (r2 =0 .998) .No nonspecific amplification was observed .Conclusion A rapid and quantitative method for the detection of Myco-bacterium tuberculosis was established successfully .The IMC-PCR-ELISA method was rapid ,sensitive ,secific and quantitative .

This editorial briefly reviewed the history of andrology, its rapid development in recent years, the conception of male health, international andrology studies, the achievements of Chinese andrologists and the existing problems. It is highly necessary for Chinese andrology community to strengthen the international academic communication, join the International Society of Andrology and attend its activities actively.
Andrology ; trends ; Biomedical Research ; trends ; China ; Humans ; Male

Diabetes surgery is a new concept in recent years, which means controlling blood sugar or curing diabetes through some surgical methods. From the commencement of bariatric surgery in the 1950s to the discovery of the special function of decreasing blood sugar after these surgeries in 1970s, and then the fast developing of diabetes surgery in the past 30 years, now there seems be a different answer to the question that if we can cure diabetes. In this article, we review the historical evolution, surgical procedure, potential mechanism and outlook of diabetes surgery.
Bariatric Surgery ; methods ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; surgery ; Humans

BackgroundOscillatory potentials (OPs) has been used extensively in experimental research and clinical diagnosis,but it is well known that OPs are the summating potentials originated from retinal rod and cone.To separate the rod and cone OPs is helpful for us to diagnose some retinal diseases.ObjectiveThis study was to analyze the characteristics of cone-and rod-driven OPs. Methods The retinal cone degeneration ( RCD ) and congenital stationary night blindness(CSNB) rats were used in this study and SD rats served as control,and 6 rats for each kinds of animals.Scotopic and photopic OPs were recorded in each rat under the dark adaptation for 12 hours and light adaptation for 10 minutes at the stimulate light intensities of -35,-25,-15,-5,0,5 db respectively with RETIscan Visual Electrophysical System.The scotopic and photopic OPs were extracted from flash electroretinogram (FERG) with Maflab7.0 Butterworth filtering waves,and the frequency spectrum of the OPs was analyzed by fast Fourier transform.The characteristics of OPs from RCD rats and CSNB rats were assessed and compared.Results The a wave and b wave of ERG were showed under the dark adaptation condition in both SD and RCD rats,but the b wave was absent in CSNB rat.Under the light adaptation condition,b wave was seen in both SD and CSNB rats,but a wave and b wave of RCD rat were absent.Two peaks were exhibited in both SD and RCD rats under the darkadaptation condition and high intensity of stimulate light at the lower frequency( domain frequency) of 75-110 Hz,90-120 Hz and high frequency ( minor frequency) 90- 120 Hz,110- 135 Hz respectively.In various intensities of stimulate light,CSNB rats appeared a peak at 70-100 Hz.But in light-adaptation and various intensities of stimulate light,the frequency peaks were seen at 75-95 Hz and 70-85 Hz from both SD and CSNB rats respectively.However,under the light adaptation condition,only one peak was seen in SD and CSNB rats at the 75-95 Hz and 70-85 Hz respectively.Compared with SD rats,the mean implied time of b wave was delayed and the amplitude was lowed under the light adaptation (P＜0.05 ),however,no significant differences were found in the implied time and amplitude of b wave of scotopic ERG between SD rats and RCD rats( P＞0.05 ).The scotopic OPs showed the prolong implied time and depressed amplitudes in RCD rats and CSNB rats compared with SD rats( P＜0.05 ),and the photopic OPs presented the prolong implied time and lowed amplitude in CSNB rat in comparison with SD rats (P ＜ O.05 ).ConclusionsCone- and rod-driven OPs appear very different characteristics.The results of this study imply that rod pathway gives more contribution to OPs than cone pathway.Analysis of these results will be helpful for the exploration of the origin of OPs and the diagnosis of the related disease.

BackgroundThe influence of glaucoma on the quality of life in patients is of increasing concern for ophthalmologists in recent years. However,some studies demonstrated that different types of questionnaires about quality of life have various disadvantages. Therefore, to accurately and fully assess the influencing factors of quality of life in glaucoma patients is very important. ObjectiveThe present study was to survey the self-reported visionrelated quality of life(QOL) in glaucoma patients by means of utility analysis and to tentatively analyze its influencing factors. Methods Patients with glaucoma were recruited from a single tertiary ophthalmic department. Standard face-to-face interviews were conducted. Utility values of linear rating scale ( RS ) and time trade-off ( TTO ) were calculated to evaluate the self-reported vision-related QOL of the patients. The correlations of the utility values with the patients' general and ophthalmologic characteristics were also analyzed. This survey was approved by the Ethic Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital. Oral informed consent was obtained from the subjects before the study.ResultsA cross-sectional study was designed. A total of 86 glaucoma patients were enrolled in this study with 62 male and 24 female, with a mean age of 44. 67 years old. The mean utility values measured by RS and TTO were 0. 62± 0. 19 and 0. 77 ± 0. 12, respectively, and no evidential correlation was found between these two values ( r =0. 074, P=0. 499 ). The RS value was associated with daily visual acuity,mean deviation(MD) of visual field and the history of trabeculectomy. Neither daily visual acuity nor MD showed a significant correlation with the TTO value. Age, work status and educational background contributed to higher utility value for the TTO method. After adjusting for age, work status and educational level,patients with visual acuity in the worse-seeing eye better than 0. 3 showed a higher TTO value than those with less than 0. 3. Conclusions Utility analysis possesses the advantages of convenience and sensitivity. RS utility value is easily affected by the Objective visual status and surgery history in glaucomatous patients,which reflects the subjective assessment of patients'visual quality. However, TTO value is primarily associated with age,work status and education level rather than visual function in glaucoma patients,which is therefore subjective assessment of the disease-related quality of life. These Results indicate that visual function impairment is not a determining factor for the QOL of glaucoma patients.

To establish the water dynamics model for drying process of Angelicae Sinensis Radix, the Weibull distribution model was applied to study the moisture ratio variation curves, and compared the drying rate and drying activation energy with the drying methods of temperature controllable air drying, infrared drying under different temperatures (50, 60, 70 degrees C). The Weibull distribution model could well describe the drying curves, for the moisture ratio vs. drying time profiled of the model showed high correlation (R2 = 0. 994-0. 999). The result proved that the drying process of Angelicae Sinensis Radix belonged to falling-rate drying period. For the drying process, the scale parameter (a) was related to the drying temperature, and decreased as the temperature increases. The shape parameter (β) for the same drying method, drying temperature had little impact on the shape parameter. The moisture diffusion coefficient increase along with temperature increasing from 0.425 x 10(-9) m2 x s(-1) to 2.260 x 10(-9) m2 x s(-1). The activation energy for moisture diffusion was 68.82, 29.60 kJ x mol(-1) by temperature controllable air drying and infrared drying, respectively. Therefore, the Weibull distribution model can be used to predict the moisture removal of Angelicae Sinensis Radix in the drying process, which is great significance for the drying process of prediction, control and process optimization. The results provide the technical basis for the use of modern drying technology for industrial drying of Angelicae Sinensis Radix.
Angelica sinensis ; chemistry ; Desiccation ; methods ; Models, Theoretical ; Water

To provide a scientific basis for the selection of the appropriate drying method for Mentha Haplocalyx Herba (MHH), determine 2 monoterpenes, 4 phenolic acids and 5 flavonoids in MHH by GC-MS and UPLC-TQ-MS methods, and investigate the effects of the drying methods on the changes in contents of these analytes. The qualities of products obtained with different drying methods were evaluated by the multivariate statistical method of Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Results showed that the drying methods had the greatest impact on menthol, caffeic acid, and rosemary acid, which were followed by chlorogenic acid and diosmetin-7-O-glucoside. The contents in these analytes processed with hot-air-drying method were higher than those with microwave-drying and infrared-drying methods at the same temperatures. The contents in these analytes processed under low temperature (40-45 °C) were higher than those under higher temperature (60-70 °C). Above all, the contents in phenolic acids processed with microwave fixation (exposed under microwave at 100 °C for several minutes) were obviously higher than those of not being processed, showing an inhibition of some enzymes in samples after fixation. The TOPSIS evaluation showed that the variable temperature drying method of 'Hot-Air 45-60 °C' was the most suitable approach for the primary drying processing of MHH. The results could provide the scientific basis for the selection of appropriate drying method for MHH, and helpful reference for the primary drying proces of herbs containing volatile chemical components.
Desiccation ; methods ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Hydroxybenzoates ; analysis ; Mentha ; chemistry ; Monoterpenes ; analysis

OBJECTIVESTo observe the effects of chlorotriptolide (T4) and triptonide (T7) on the chromosome aberration and micronuclei rates of bone marrow cell in male SD rats.

METHODSAntifertility doses of T4[80 micrograms/(kg.d)] or T7[317 micrograms/(kg.d)] were given to male rats per OS for 10 weeks. Bone marrow slides were then prepared and compared with the controls.

RESULTSThe chromosome aberration and micronuclei rates were not significantly different from those of the controls (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe results were in accordance with our previous reports about the effects of T4 and T7 on the chromosome aberration and micronuclei rates of rat spermatogenic cells. At the antifertility doses, T4 and T7 did not show a mutagenic effect.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Chromosome Aberrations ; chemically induced ; Diterpenes ; pharmacology ; Epoxy Compounds ; Infertility, Male ; chemically induced ; genetics ; Male ; Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective ; drug effects ; Phenanthrenes ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tripterygium ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; pharmacology

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; China ; epidemiology ; Death ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sex Factors ; Suicide ; statistics & numerical data